Which of the following enzyme is used for synthesis of RNA under the direction of DNA?
A. RNA polymerase
B. DNA ligase
C. DNA polymerase
D. RNA ligase
Answer: Option A
Which of the following is a product of transcription?
A. mRNA
B. tRNA
C. rRNA
D. all of these
Answer: Option D
The synthesis of mRNA based on a DNA template is called
A. DNA replication
B. transcription
C. translation
D. DNA restriction
Answer: Option B
Recognition/binding site of RNA polymerase is called
A. receptor
B. promoter
C. facilitator
D. terminator
Answer: Option B
Recognition/binding site of RNA polymerase is called
A. receptor
B. promoter
C. facilitator
D. terminator
Answer: Option B
An mRNA transcript of a gene contains
A. a start codon
B. a stop codon
C. a terminator
D. all of these
Answer: Option D
The components found in all prokaryotic transcription terminators is
A. a poly-U region
B. Rho factor
C. a hairpin structure
D. none of these
Answer: Option C
A specific __________ factor helps RNA polymerase bind to late promoters and transcribe late genes.
A. sigma
B. beta
C. delta
D. gamma
Answer: Option A
Which of the following component of RNA polymerase facilitates the recognition of promoter
sequences?
A. a subunit
B. b subunit
C. s subunit
D. c subunit
Answer: Option C
Like replication, transcription also occurs bidirectionaly
A True
B False
Ans: False
Explanation: Transcription occurs unidirectionally and synthesized RNA chain from 5’ to 3’ direction
Mark the statement which is INCORRECT about the transcription unit?
a) It is a transcribed segment of DNA
b) Eukaryotes have monocistronic transcription unit
c) Prokaryotes also have a monocistronic transcription unit
d) Immediate product of transcription is primary transcript
Answer: c
Explanation: Transcription unit is the transcribed segment of DNA. If the transcription unit carries
information of one gene, it is called monocistronic while a set of adjacent genes when transcribed as a
unit called polycistronic.
How many base pairs of DNA is transcribed by RNA polymerase in one go?
a) 5-6
b) 3
c) 4
d) 7-8
Answer: d
Explanation: The RNA polymerase core enzyme moves along the template strand at uneven base i.e,
moves over 7-8 base pairs in one go.
True or False nalang ni
The sole function of RNA is translation to a protein product
(True of False)
Ans: False
Halos same lang ogdi sa baba
Which of the following is not true about RNA?
Possible Answers:
RNA contains uracil
The sole function of RNA is translation to a protein product
RNA contains a five-carbon sugar
RNA contains adenine
RNA can be double stranded
Correct answer:
The sole function of RNA is translation to a protein product
Explanation:
There are a few different types of RNA, each serving different purposes. Messenger RNA (mRNA) is
transcribed to a protein product, but transfer RNA (tRNA) acts as a carrier for amino acids while
ribosomal RNA (rRNA) forms some structures of the ribosome. Micro RNA (miRNA) can be used to
regulate transcription.
RNA can be single or double stranded, leading to both ssRNA and dsRNA viruses. The ribose sugar in
RNA forms a five-carbon ring, much like deoxyribose in DNA. RNA contains both adenine and uracil,
though thymine is not found in RNA.
What enzyme is required for transcription of mRNA in eukaryotes?
Possible Answers:
RNA polymerase III
RNA polymerase II
DNA polymerase
RNA polymerase I
Correct answer:
RNA polymerase II
Explanation:
RNA polymerase II is required for transcription of mRNA, snRNA, and miRNA. Alternatively, RNA
polymerase I transcribes some rRNA and RNA polymerase III transcribes tRNA, some rRNA, and other
small RNAs. DNA polymerase is required for DNA replication but does not play a role in transcription.
Which class of upstream DNA element is responsible for increasing transcription of target genes?
Possible Answers:
Activator
Enhancer
Repressor
Insulator
Correct answer:
Enhancer
Explanation:
An enhancer is a cis-acting element that is responsible for activating or increasing expression of a target
gene. An insulator is a boundary element between inactive and active domains of DNA. Both activators
and repressors are trans-acting (protein) factors that modulate gene expression.
