MEDICAL COLLEGES OF NORTHERN PHILIPPINES

Alimannao Hills, Peñablanca, Cagayan

COLLEGE OF RADIOLOGIC TECHNOLOGY

LEARNING MODULE
Subject: Introduction To Radiologic Technology
Period: PRELIMS FY: FIRST SEMESTER SY 2019-2020
Time Frame: 15 hours lecture (3 hrs lec/ week)

Course Content:
I. THE HEALTH CARE ENVIRONMENT
1. Health care setting
1.1 Hospitals
1.2 Clinics
1.3 Mental Health Facilities
1.4 Long term/ Residential Facilities
1.5 Hospice
1.6 Out Patient/ Ambulatory care
1.7 Preventive care
1.8 Home Health Care
II. HOSPITAL ORGANIZATION
1. Philosophy
2. Vision-Mission
3. Administrative Service
3.1 Governing Board
3.2 HospitalAdministration
3.3 Admission
3.4 Information System
3.5 Procurement
3.6 Accounting
3.7 Support Service
3.8 Human Resource
4. Medical Service
4.1 Physicians
4.2 Clinical Service
4.3 Clinical Support Service

Course Outcomes:
1. Identify and explain the role of Radiologic Technology profession in the field of health
care.
2. Outline the history of x-ray discovery and its subsequent application in medicine as well
as distinguish Radiology and Radiologic Technologist
3. Outline the historical perspective of radiology and radiologic technology
4. Discuss the responsibilities and relationship of all personnel in the radiology department

Intended Learning Outcomes:

1. Explain and define the different concepts in Health care environment through
different health care settings
2. Differentiate different levels and type of hospital and also identify the different
care and services of the hospital
3. Explain and identify the different concept in hospital organization though its
philosophy, Vision-Mission.
4. Identify and differentiate services related to hospital organization according to
Administrative, quality customer, and medical services.
5. Differentiate and identify the criteria on making and establishing institutional
mission-vision and philosophy.
 6. Manifest expertise in becoming better students and critical thinking.

Specific Activities:

1. Lecture discussion of the topics through audiovisual presentation

2. Brain storming by dividing the students into 8 groups and giving topics to discuss
related to the different health care environment and health care setting.
3. Research work on the importance of the of Hospital organization and the
organizational philosophy, Mission-vision.
4. Actual interview of students with experts on the field of health care setting.
students submit the results of the interview
5. Hospital Tour ism collaboration with RPGMC. Essay on Hospital Organization shall
be submitted as the final output of student

Lecture Content :

INTRODUCTION TO RADIOLOGIC TECHNOLOGY

CHAPTER 1 – THE HEALTH CARE ENVIRONMENT

Health Care Setting – Settings include but are not limited to acute-care hospitals;

long-term care facilities, such as nursing homes and skilled nursingfacilities;
physicians' offices; urgent-care centers; outpatient clinics; homehealthcare 

HEALTH SYSTEM: all the activities whose primary purpose is to promote, restore or

maintain health (The World Health Report 2000 – Health systems: improving
performance)

Health infrastructure
 General hospital. A hospital that provides a range of different services for
patients of various age groups and with varying disease conditions.
 Specialized hospital. A hospital admitting primarily patients suffering from a
specific disease or affection of one system, or reserved for the diagnosis and
treatment of conditions affecting a specific age group or of a long-term nature.
 District/first-level referral hospital. A hospital at the first referral level that
is responsible for a district or a defined geographical area containing a defined
population and governed by a politico-administrative organization such as a
district health management team. The role of district hospitals in primary health
care has been expanded beyond being dominantly curative and rehabilitative to
include promotional, preventive, and educational roles as part of a primary
health-care approach. The district hospital has the following functions:
– it is an important support for other health services and for health care in
general in the district;
– it provides wide-ranging technical and administrative support and
education and training for primary health care;
– it provides an effective, affordable health-care service for a defined
population, with their full participation, in cooperation with agencies in
the district that have similar concerns.
 Primary health-care centre. A centre that provides services which are usually
the first point of contact with a health professional. They include services
 provided by general practitioners, dentists, community nurses, pharmacists and
midwives, among others.
Go to:

Health workforce
 Physicians/doctors. All graduates of any faculty or school of medicine, actually
working in the country in any medical field (practice, teaching, administration,
research, laboratory, etc.).
 Midwives. All persons who have completed a programme of midwifery
education and have acquired the requisite qualifications to be registered and/or
legally licensed to practise midwifery, and are actually working in the country.
The person may or may not have prior nursing education.
 Nurses. All persons who have completed a programme of basic nursing
education and are qualified and registered or authorized to provide responsible
and competent service for the promotion of health, prevention of illness, the care
of the sick, and rehabilitation, and are actually working in the country.
 Pharmacists. All graduates of any faculty or school of pharmacy, actually
working in the country in pharmacies, hospitals, laboratories, industry, etc.
 Dentists. All graduates of any faculty or school of dentistry, odontology or
stomatology, actually working in the country in any dental field.
 Other health-care providers (including community health workers). All
workers who respond to the national definition of health-care providers and are
neither physicians/doctors, midwives, nurses, pharmacists, or dentists.
Inpatient. A person who is formally admitted to a health-care facility and who is
discharged after one or more days.
Outpatient. A person who goes to a health-care facility for a consultation, and who
leaves the facility within three hours of the start of consultation. An outpatient is not
formally admitted to the facility.
DEFINITIONS FROM THE EUROPEAN OBSERVATORY ON HEALTH SYSTEMS
AND POLICIES
Ambulatory care. All types of health services provided to patients who are not
confined to an institutional bed as inpatients during the time services are rendered
(USAID, 1999). Ambulatory care delivered in institutions that also deliver inpatient care
is usually called “outpatient care”. Ambulatory care services are provided in many
settings ranging from physicians’ offices to freestanding ambulatory surgical facilities or
cardiac catheterization centres. In some applications, the term does not include
emergency services provided in tertiary hospitals (USAID, 1999).
Day care. Medical and paramedical services delivered to patients who are formally
admitted for diagnosis, treatment or other types of health care with the intention of
discharging the patient the same day.
Long-term care. Long-term care encompasses a broad range of help with daily
activities that chronically disabled individuals need for a prolonged period of time. Long-
term care is primarily concerned with maintaining or improving the ability of elderly
people with disabilities to function as independently as possible for as long as possible;
it also encompasses social and environmental needs and is therefore broader than the
medical model that dominates acute care; it is primarily low-tech, although it has
become more complicated as elderly persons with complex medical needs are
discharged to, or remain in, traditional long-term care settings, including their own
homes; services and housing are both essential to the development of long-term care
policy and systems. Nursing homes, visiting nurses, home intravenous and other
services provided to chronically ill or disabled persons.
Social care. Services related to long-term inpatient care plus community care services,
such as day care centres and social services for the chronically ill, the elderly and other
groups with special needs such as the mentally ill, mentally handicapped, and the
physically handicapped. The borderline between health care and social care varies from
country to country, especially regarding social services which involve a significant, but
not dominant, health-care component such as, for example, long-term care for
dependent older people.
CHAPTER 2 – HOSPITAL ORGANIZATION
Contents
PHILOSOPHY
VISION – MISSION
ADMINISTRATIVE SERVICES MEDICAL SERVICE
Governing Board Physicians
Hospital Administration Clinical Service
Support Service Clinical Support Service
Information System
Procurement
Accounting
Human resource

Philosophy - philosophy is an activity people undertake when they seek to understand

fundamental truths about themselves, the world in which they live, and their
relationships to the world and to each other
 In health care, is the study of the ethics, processes, and people which constitute
the maintenance of health for human beings

The philosophy of healthcare is primarily concerned with the following elemental

questions
 Who requires and/or deserves healthcare? Is healthcare a fundamental right of
all people?
 What should be the basis for calculating the cost of treatments, hospital stays,
drugs, etc.?
 How can healthcare best be administered to the greatest number of people?
 What are the necessary parameters for clinical trials and quality assurance?
 Who, if anybody, can decide when a patient is in need of "comfort measures" 

Examples:
Mercy Hospital Philosophy
 We are committed to the Christian ministry of healing as part of the mystery of
God’s merciful love for each person.
 We affirm and respect the dignity, uniqueness and rights of every person.
 We promote wellness and quality of life – physical, psychological, social and
spiritual.
 We extend compassionate service to all those in need of love, comfort and
understanding regardless of culture, belief or background.
Vision
Vision statement answers different questions:
 Where are we going? 
  It’s aspirational. 
 It’s a destination. 
 If it’s done well, it gives everyone a good idea of what we will—and won’t—be
choosing to do. 
 It’s also emotionally exciting: People should hear it and get charged up about
what the future will be like for the company and themselves.
The vision statement should describe or strongly imply the following:
 What type of organization you will be, as defined by something measurable—for
example, health services
 Where you will be doing this work geographically
 What products, services, or offerings you will provide
 Who your ideal customer base will be.
Example:
Philippine General Hospital Vision
The PGH, globally competitive and committed to the health of the Filipino people,
through networking and teamwork of competent, compassionate and ethical health
professionals, shall be the center of excellence and leadership in health care training
and research that impacts on health policies.

Mission
What is a mission statement?
• A clear, concise, easy to remember statement of purpose
• Answers basic questions about the organization: who, what, why, for whom, where?
• Focuses on purpose/outcomes, not methods (to improve quality of life for people
experiencing mental illness, not to provide counseling)
• Helps to position your organization and communicate your “value-add” to others
Philippine General Hospital Mission
• To render quality health care through effective teamwork.
• To train health care professionals to become competent, humane and ethical health
care providers, educators and leaders. 
• To undertake biomedical and health system researches which serve as basis for
relevant health policies.
• To develop a referral network and evolve as the center for complex health care
problems. 
• To be the role model for health care delivery.
Evaluation:
1. Long Written Quiz (50 items) based on the lecture given.
2. Situational analysis examination graded thru rubrics
3. Submission of report for Interview activities with their synthesis at the end.
4. Graded recitation using rubrics
5. 100 ITEM multiple choice Prelim Examinations.

Self Assessment Exercise:

Answer the following queries. ERASURES AND INCORRECT SPELLING SHALL BE CONSIDERED WRONG.
___________________________ 1. It is an aspirational destination of an organization.
___________________________ 2. It is the study of ethics, processes and people which constitute the
maintenance of health for human beings.
___________________________ 3. A multifaceted organization comprising of many committees,
departments, types of personnel and services that is geared towards management of health and
diseases.
___________________________ 4. The leader of the clinical team and the major agent working on
behalf of the patient.
___________________________ 5. They are responsible for carrying out the treatment plan developed
by the physician which comprises the largest department in the hospital.
___________________________ 6. He represents the hospital to the external community and
environment and is authorize to make decisions as long as he seeks approval of the governing board
___________________________ 7. Departments who perform and support functions that help with
diagnosis and treatment for the attainment of quality health.
___________________________ 8. The non medical services who are necessary to the hospital’s
business and physical plant management
___________________________ 9. The governing board that operates the hospital
___________________________ 10. Is central to the hospitals financial business and takes care of the
organizational statistics for hospital decision making.
___________________________ 11. It is often where the patient has contact in the administrative
support of the hospital. The sensitivity and efficiency of this department can greatly influence the
patients perception of the quality of care received
___________________________ 12. The hospital department that interacts with the departments of
the hospital to ensure the quality of services and motivation of all personnel is at its best. It also seeks to
provide the hospitals service team that will cater to the needs of its clients.

Write V if the statement pertains to Vision, M for Mission and P for Purpose.
_______ 13. It answers what type of organization will it be as defined by something measurable
_______ 14. It answers basic questions about the organization like what, why, where and how
_______ 15. It defines who your ideal customer base will be
_______ 16. It speaks to the relationship of the organization to world and to others.
_______ 17. It gives everyone a good idea of what we will and won’t be choosing to do
_______ 18. It is concerned on the necessary parameters for clinical trials and quality assurance.
_______ 19. It is emotionally exciting
_______ 20. Helps to proposition the organization and communicate your value to others.

WRITE A IF THE FIRST STATEMENT IS CORRECT AND THE SECOND STATEMENT IS INCORRECT, B IF THE
SECOND STATEMENT IS CORRECT AND THE FIRST STATEMENT IS INCORRECT, C IF BOTH STATEMENTS
ARE CORRECT AND D IF BOTH STATEMENTS ARE INCORRECT. (2 pts each)
___ 21. * The hospital is a business and has similar hierarchical structure with any other like large
businesses.
 The Hospital is a multifaceted institution that is comprised by different experts.
___ 22. * The Clinical laboratory is a diagnostic center that performs a variety of functions, including
autopsy, clinical cytology and clinical pathology.
 Only medical technologist and radiologic technologist form the clinical laboratory services.
___ 23. * The hospital pharmacy only dispenses medicines but the accounting office are responsible for
purchasing the medicines.
 The pharmacist works directly with the medical staff in establishing formulary the listing of
drugs chosen to be included in the pharmacy.
___ 24. * Line services includes Laundry and Laboratory facilities.
 Supportive services of the hospital include emergency and out patient services.
___ 25. * The component of the hospital system should be line services, staff services and auxillary
services.
 Auxillary services of the hospital include stores, transport, and mortuary.
Identify the following: (answer at the back please)
1-5 Common categorical grouping of the hospital
6-8 Support services category of the hospital
9-10 Classification of hospital groupings

Requirements:

1. Self paced reading using Introduction to radiologic Technology Textbook

2. Summary of lectures in notebook
3. Attendance and participation to Google class activities
4. Submission of assignments and research papers.

References:
TEXTBOOK:
Gurley, L. Introduction to Radiologic Technology 7thedition c.2018

ADDITIONAL REFERENCES:
Adler Introduction to Radiologic Sciences and Patient Care 5th edition c.2013
Bushong, S. Radiologic Science for Technologist 10th edition c. 2013
Chen, M. Basic Radiology 2nd edition c 2015
Erkonen, W. Radiology 101 3rd edition c 2016

Prepared by:

Kristine Kate Pamittan, RRT

Ricky James Agustin, RRT

Checked and Reviewed by:

WINNIE T. CANCEJO, RRT, MPH

College Dean

Approved by:

PRESENITA C. AGUON, Ph.D.

Vice President for Academic Affairs