OUTLINE
• is a formal system used to think about and organize your paper.
• can be useful for any paper to help you see the overall picture.
Occasions to Use Outlines
1. To organize ideas and research prior to beginning a paper
2. To determine if more research is needed
3. To see relationships between points
4. To check the organization of a paper
5. To reorganize a paper with too many ideas
Making an Outline
1. Identify the topic.
2. Identify the main categories.
3. Create the first category.
4. Create subcategories.
Types of Outline
The Scratch Outline
• It is usually used when you need an outline in a hurry.
• During essays tests, these outlines allow you to organize your ideas without spending vast amounts of
time on structure.
• These outlines also work for short papers, as in fewer than two pages.
• Instead of using a formal structure, students underline the main point or draw circles around their main
ideas, and they may also use other symbols to distinguish details or examples of their ideas.
• It does not have to resemble the formal topic, sentence, or paragraph outlines.
The Topic Outline
• It is the most commonly used outline.
• Although this type possesses the formal numeric and alphabetical structures, each line contains only a few
brief words to guide the writer during the drafting process.
• It is perfect for papers of all sizes and can be adapted easily if needed.
The Full Sentence Outline
• This type of outline is best reserved for completed drafts. Although it can be used when getting started,
writers have to spend significant time on this stage of the writing process.
• This form is ideal for checking organization in a finished draft. If you begin applying the Roman numerals
to your paper and you cannot reach the 1 and 2 level, then, you will see points of weakness in your draft.
The Paragraph Outline
• It is reserved for completed drafts and allows writers to check their paragraph organization.
• This works great for narrative papers or for papers when you have a substantial number of dates to keep
straight.
• This outline can be constructed two different ways.
• The first is to record your topic sentences, and you can see the relationship between your main
ideas.
• An alternative option is to write a one sentence summary of each paragraph, so you will be able
to see if your ideas come together.