A
PROJECT REPORT
FABRICATION OF AUTOMATIC SEWAGE CLEANING SYSTEM BY
USING DC MOTER
Project Report Submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirement
for the award of the degree of
BACHELOR OF TECHNOLOGY
IN
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
BY
M.NAVEEN KUMAR 17M55A0325
MD.AMEERUDDIN 17M55A0323
B. MANOJ KUMAR 16M51A0308
UNDER THE GUIDENCE OF
G. VINOD REDDY
DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
ELLENKI INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY
NEAR BHEL, PATELGUDA, PATANCHERU, MEDAK (D) – 502305
AFFILIATED TO JNTU, HYDERABAD AND APPROVED BY AICTE, NEW DELHI
ELLENKI INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY
NEAR BHEL, PATELGUDA, PATANCHERU, MEDAK ( D) – 502305
AFFILIATED TO JNTU, HYDERABAD AND APPROVED BY AICTE, NEW DELHI
DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that the mini-project report entitled “FABRICATION OF
AUTOMATIC SEWAGE CLEANING SYSTEM BY USING DC
MOTER”
being submitted by
M.NAVEEN KUMAR 17M55A0325
MD.AMEERUDDIN 17M55A0323
B. MANOJ KUMAR 16M51A0308
in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award of Degree of
Bachelor of Technology in MECHANICAL ENGINEERING Under
Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University, Hyderabad during the period of
2019-2020.
INTERNAL GUIDE HEAD OF THE DEPARTMENT
EXTERNAL EXAMINER
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
It is our pleasure to acknowledge the help that we have received from
different individuals and place on our appreciation and thanks to those who
have helped us in bringing this Mini-Project work.
We express our deep sense of gratitude to our beloved chairman
Sri. E. SADASIVA REDDY , EL LE NK I G RO UP O F INST IT UT AT IO NS who
extended his co-operation in various ways throughout the course.
We express our deep sense of gratitude to our beloved Director
Sri. M. SAMBASIVA REDDY, RES E ARCH AND DE VE LO PME NT CE NT E R
AND EL LE NK I INIS T IT UT E OF E NG INE E RING & TE CH NO LO G Y who
extended his co-operation in various ways throughout the course.
We would like to thank Professor Dr.R.SARVANAN , PR INC IP AL
for providing us with an opportunity to do our Mini-Project.
We express special thanks CH NAGARAJU, H E AD,
DE PART ME NT O F ME CH ANICAL E NG INE E RING for his encouraging support
and guidance in carrying out the Mini-Project.
We express special thanks G. VINOD REDDY , AS S IS T ANT
PRO FE SS O R, DE PART ME NT OF ME CH ANICAL E NG INE E RING for his
encouraging support and guidance in carrying out the Mini-Project.
Finally, our heartfelt gratitude and thanks to one and all who helped us
directly or indirectly to make our Mini-Project successful.
M.NAVEEN KUMAR 17M55A0325
MD.AMEERUDDIN 17M55A0323
B. MANOJ KUMAR 16M51A0308
ABSTRACT
In this project the proposal concept is to replace the manual work in drainage
cleaning by automated system. We know that water has a great importance in
human being life, the water flow in drain full of wastes like polythene, bottles
etc. The drains get blocked due to these wastes in water. Now a day’s even
through mechanical machine plays a vital role in all industrial applications in
the proper disposal of sewages from industries and commercials are still
challenging task. Drainage are using for the disposal and unfortunately
sometimes there may be loss of human life while cleaning the blockage in the
drainages. The government also spends too much money to clean the drainages.
To overcome this problem and to save the human life we implement design
“Automatic sewage cleaning system”. We designed our project to use this
inefficient way to control the disposal of wastages and with regular filtration of
wastages. The system has a wiper motor that starts running as soon as the set-up
is switched on. Two power window motors are connected to the wheel and it is
driven with the help of the remote control set-up. The process starts collecting
the sewage wastes by using the arm and it throws back the waste into the bin
fixed in the machine at the bottom. An arm is used to lift the sewage and in turn
a bucket is used to collect them. The set-up runs even in sewage area with water
(limited to a particular amount) so that the wastages which floats on the water
surface also gets collected. The garbage which affects the drainage is also
picked up and removed. This system has limited human intervention in the
process of cleaning and in turn reduces spreading of diseases to mankind.
TABLE OF CONTENT
ABSTRACT
S.No. CHAPTER 1 Page No.
1 Introduction
1.1
1.2 Otto cycle 2-3
1.3 Diesel cycle 3-4
1.4 History of internal combustion engine 4-5
1.5 Types of internal combustion engine 5
1.5.1 Compression ignition engine 5-6
1.5.2 Spark ignition engine 6
1.6 Stroke categorization 7
1.6.1 Two stroke engines 7-9
1.6.2 Four stroke engines 10-11
1.7 Advantages 11
1.7.1 Two strokes 11
1.7.2 Four strokes 11
1.8 Disadvantages 12
1.8.1 Two strokes 12
1.8.2 Four strokes 12
1.9 Main components of engine 12
1.9.0 Piston 12-13
1.9.1 Piston rings 13-14
1.9.2 Connecting rod 14
1.9.3 Crank shaft 15
1.9.4 Cam shaft 15-16
CHAPTER 2
2 Crank shaft 17
2.1 Functions of crank in IC engine 17
2.2 Stress on crank shaft 17-18
2.3 Service load and failures experienced by crank shaft 18
2.4 History of crank shaft 18
2.5 Dynamic stress analysis of the crank shaft 19
CHAPTER 3
3 Literature review 20
3.1 Materials and manufacturing process 20-21
3.2 Forging process and influencing parameters 21
3.2.1 Lubrications 21
3.2.2 Shape completely in forging 21
3.2.3 Heat treatment 22
3.2.4 Straightening and forging 22
3.3 Operating conditions and failures of crankshaft 22-23
3.4 Manufacturing and cost considerations 23
3.5 Geometric optimization 23
3.6 Material and cost optimization 23
CHAPTER 4
4 Design of crankshaft 24
4.1 Introduction of CATIA 24
4.2 Industries using CATIA 24
4.3 Scope of applications 24
4.4 Mechanical engineering 24
4.5 Equipment designing 24
4.6 Supported operating system and platforms 25
4.7 Design procedure 25-26
4.7.1 Selecting the module 26
4.7.2 Selection of plane 27
4.7.3 Padding the plane 28
4.7.4 After padding the cycle 29
4.7.5 Drawing the elongated hole 30
4.7.6 Drawing a circle 31
4.7.7 Repeating the previous steps from the first half of 32
crankshaft
4.7.8 Now mirroring the image semi-finished body part 33
4.7.9 Complete body part of the crankshaft 34
5 CONCLUSION 35
6 REFERENCES 36
TABLE OF FIGURES
S.No. Name of the figure Figure No. Page No.
1 PV diagram of Otto cycle 1.2 3
2 PV diagram of diesel cycle 1.3 4
3 Compression ignition engine 1.5 5
4 Spark ignition engine 1.5.1 6
5 Two stroke engines 1.6 8
6 Four stroke engines 1.6.1 10
7 Piston 1.9.0 13
8 Piston rings 1.9.1 14
9 Connecting rod 1.9.2 14
10 Crank shaft 1.9.3 15
11 Camshaft 1.9.4 16
12 Crank shaft 2.1 18
13 Automotive crank shaft 3.1 20
14 Casting of crank shaft 3.2 23
