CHAPTER 17 : INVESTMENT
ACCOUNTING FOR FINANCIAL ASSETS
Financial Assets:
Cash
Equity investment of another company
Contractual right to receive cash from another party
Measurement Basis
- Model perusahaan dalam pengelolaan aset keuangannya.
- Karakteristik kontraktual Cash Flow dari financial assets.
DEBT INVESTMENTS
Debt Investments – Amortized Cost
Contoh : Robinson Company membeli bonds 100.000, 8% dari Evermaster Corporation pada
1 Januari 2015, discount, dibayar 92.278.
Jatuh tempo 1 Jan 2020, yield 10%, int payable I July dan 1 January.
Jurnal 1 Januari 2015
Debt Investments 92.278
Cash 92.278
Cash 4.000
Debt Investment 614
Interest Revenue 4.614
Jurnal 1 Juli 2015 (interest payment)
Mengakui interest dan amortisasi diskon, 31 Des 2015
Interest Receivable 4.000
Debt Investments 645
Interest Revenue 4.645
Perusahaan menjual bond sebelum Jatuh Tempo
Robinson menjual investment dari Evermaster pada 1 November 2017, 993/4 plus
accrued interest. Disc amortization 1 Juli 2017-1 Nov 2017 adalah 522 ( 4/6 x 783).
Robinson mencatat jurnal 1 Nov 2017
Debt Investments 522
Interest Revenue 522
Perhitungan:
Selling Price of bonds (exclusive of acc interest) 99.750
Less : BV of Bonds 1 Nov 17:
Amortized Cost, 1 Juli 17 95.671
Add : Disc amortisasi 1 Juli 17–1 Nov 17 522 96.193
Gain on sale of bonds 3.557
Jurnal penjualan 1 Nov 2017
Cash 102.417
Interest Revenue (4/6 x 4.000) 2.667
Debt Investments 96.193
Gain on Sale of Investments 3.557
Debt Investments – Fair Value
Contoh : Debt Investment at Fair Value (Single Security)
Contoh sama dengan atas. Lalu, pada tanggal 1 Januari 2015 Robinson membeli
obligasi Evermaster Corporation dengan nominal 100.000, 8%, at disc dengan
membayar 92.278. Bonds jatuh tempo 1 Januari 2020, yield 10%, int payable 1 Juli
dan 1 Januari.
Jurnal selama 2015:
1 Januari 2015
Debt Investments 92.278
Cash 92.278
1 Juli 2015
Cash 4.000
Debt Investments 614
Interest revenue 4.614
31 Desember 2015
Interest receivable 4.000
Debt Investments 645
Interest Revenue 4.645
If the debt investments is held-for-collection, no further entries.
To apply the fair value approach, Robinson determines that, due to a decrease in
interest rates, the fair value of the debt investment increased to €95,000 at December
31, 2015. Comparing the fair value with the carrying amount of these bonds at
December 31, 2015, Robinson has an unrealized holding gain of €1,463.
Investment Amortisasi Fair Value Unrealized
Cost Gain (Loss)
Evermaster Corp 10% bonds 94.925 94.000 (925)
Less : Previous FV Adj. balance (Dr.) 1.463
FV Adjustment (Cr.) (2.388)
Fair Value 31 Desember 2015 95.000
Amortized cost at 31 Des 2015 93.537
Unrealized holding gain or (loss) 1.463
Jurnal:
Fair Value Adjustment 1.463
Unrealized Holding Gain or Loss – Income 1.463
Apabila 31 Desember 2016 asumsikan Fair Value debt investments adalah 94.000,
Robinson akan mencatat holding loss 2.388 dengan perhitungan:
Bila pada 1 Nov 2017, Robinson menjual investasi bond Evermaster dengan harga
993/4 plus bunga. Maka robinson membuat jurnal untuk mengeliminasi valuation
account.
Jurnal 31 Des 2017
Unrealized Holding Gain or Loss – Income 2.388
FV Adjustement 2.388
Fair Value Adjustment 925
Unrealized Holding Gain or Loss – Income 925
Contoh : Debt Investment at Fair Value (Single Security)
Investment Amortisasi Fair Value Unrealized Gain (Loss)
Watson Corp, 8% bonds 93.537 103.600 10.063
Anacomp Corp, 10% bonds 200.000 180.400 (19.600)
Total of Portofolio 293.537 284.000 (9.537)
Previous FV adj balance 0
FV adjustments (9537)
Wang Corporation memiliki 2 debt investment dicatat menggunakan Fair Value. Dengan data
Jurnal 31 Des 2015
Sale of Debt Investments
Wang Corp menjual Watson Bonds pada 1 Juli 2016 sebesar 90.000 dengan amortized
Unrealized Holding Gain or Loss – Income 9.537
Fair Value Adjustment 9.537
cost (nilai buku) sebesar 94.214
Loss on Sale of Bonds : 94.214 – 90.000 = 4.214
Jurnal 1 Juli 2016
Cash 90.000
Loss on Sale Investments 4.214
Debt Investments 94.214
Investment Amortisasi Fair Value Unrealized Gain (Loss)
Anacomp Corp 10% bonds (total 200.000 195.000 (5.000)
portofolio)
Previous FV Adj balance – Cr. (9537)
FV Adj – Dr. 4.537
Jurnal Wang 31 Des 2016
Fair Value Option
Fair Value Adjustment 4.537
Unrealized Holding Gain or Loss – Income 4.537
Contoh : Hardy Comp membeli bond German Bank. Jatuh tempo 5 tahun. 31 Desember 2015
amortized cost : 100.000, FV 31 Des 2015: 113.000. Apabila Hardy memilih FV
option, maka jurnal 31 Des 2015:
Debt Investment (German Bonds) 13.000
Unrealized Holding Gain or Loss – Income 13.000
EQUITY INVESTMENT
The classification of such investments depends on the percentage of the investee voting
shares that is held by the investor:
1. Holdings of less than 20 percent (fair value method)—investor has passive
interest.
Equity Investments – Trading (Income)
Contoh: 3 November 2015 Republic Corp membeli ordinary shares dari 3 perushaan,
setiap perusahaan investasinya kurang dari 20%
Burberry 259.700
Nestle 317.500
St. Regis 141.350
Total 718.550
Republic mencatat sebagai berikut:
3 November 2015
Equity Investment 718.550
Cash 718.550
6 Desember 2015
Cash 4.200
Dividend Revenue 4.200
Investment Carrying Value Fair Value Unrealized Gain (Loss)
Burberry 259.700 275.000 15.300
Nestle 317.500 304.000 (13.500)
St. Regis 141.350 104.000 (37.350)
Total of portofolio 718.550 683.000 (35.550)
Previous FV adj balance 0
FV adjustments (35.550)
Pada 31 Desember 2015 carrying value dan fair value :
Jurnal 31 Desember 2015
Unrealized Holding Gain or Loss – Income 35.550
FV Adjustments 35.550
23 Januari 2016, Republic menjual Burberry Ordinary Shares, dengan menerima
287.220, dengan perhitungan:
Net Proceeds from sale 287.220
Cost of Burberry shares 259.700
Gain of Sale of Shares 27.520
Cash 287.220
Equity Investments 259.700
Gain on Sale of Investments 27.520
10 Februari 2016, Repiblic membeli senilai 255.000 membeli saham Continental
(20.000 x 12.75 per share) plus broker fee 1.850
Investment Carrying Value Fair Value Unrealized Gain (Loss)
Continental Trucking 255.000 278.350 23.350
Nestle 317.500 362.550 45.050
St. Regis 141.350 139.050 (2.300)
Total of portofolio 718.550 779.950 66.100
Previous FV adj balance (35.550)
FV adjustments 101.650
31 Desember 2016
FV Adjustment 101.650
Unrealized Holding Gain or Loss – Income 101.650
