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Shoulder Dystocia Is A Complication That Occurs During Delivery When An

Shoulder dystocia occurs when a baby's shoulders become lodged in the mother's pelvis during delivery, often because the baby is too large for the birth canal. There are two types: unilateral, where one shoulder is impacted, and bilateral, where both shoulders are above the pelvic brim. Risk factors include maternal conditions like diabetes or large baby size. Complications can include maternal hemorrhage or tears and fetal injuries. Signs include the baby's head delivering but then retracting back in. Management techniques work to flex and apply pressure to the mother's pelvis or rotate the baby's shoulders to relieve the impaction.

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Soleil Maxwell
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205 views4 pages

Shoulder Dystocia Is A Complication That Occurs During Delivery When An

Shoulder dystocia occurs when a baby's shoulders become lodged in the mother's pelvis during delivery, often because the baby is too large for the birth canal. There are two types: unilateral, where one shoulder is impacted, and bilateral, where both shoulders are above the pelvic brim. Risk factors include maternal conditions like diabetes or large baby size. Complications can include maternal hemorrhage or tears and fetal injuries. Signs include the baby's head delivering but then retracting back in. Management techniques work to flex and apply pressure to the mother's pelvis or rotate the baby's shoulders to relieve the impaction.

Uploaded by

Soleil Maxwell
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Definition:

Shoulder dystocia is a complication that occurs during delivery when an


infant's shoulders become lodged in the mother's pelvic, often because the baby is
proportionately too big for the birth canal.
Two types of shoulder dystocia:

Unilateral shoulder dystocia- when anterior or posterior shoulder is impacted


Bilateral shoulder dystocia- when bilateral shoulders lie above the pelvic brim.

Risk factors
Maternal: fetal:
Abnormal pelvic anatomy Suspected macrosomia
Gestational diabetes Labor related:
Post dates pregnancy Assisted vaginal delivery (forceps or vacuum)
Previous shoulder dystocia Prolonged active phase of first-stage labor
Complications of shoulder dystocia
Maternal:
Post partum hemorrhage
Rectovaginal fistula
Symphyseal separation
Third or fourth degree Episiotomy
Uterine rupture

Fetal:
Clavicle fracture
Fetal hypoxia
Fracture of the humerus
Fetal death

Presenting Signs of Shoulder Dystocia

• The Turtle Sign

The Turtle Sign Occurs when the infant’s head emerges and then retracts (pulls back) against the
mother’s perineum, like a turtle going back into its shell. This causes the baby’s cheeks to bulge.
houlder dystocia Management:

Calm and effective management of this emergency is possible with recognition of the impaction and
institution of specified maneuvers, such as the McRoberts maneuver, suprapubic pressure, internal
rotation, or removal of the posterior arm, to relieve the impacted shoulder and allow for spontaneous
delivery of the infant.

McRoberts maneuver The technique is performed by flexing the mother's thighs toward her shoulders
while she is lying on her back.

suprapubic pressure the goal of suprapubic pressure is to decrease the fetal bisacromial diameter by
adducting the anterior fetal shoulder. Pressure is applied to the suprapubic area in a downward fashion
or a rocking motion from the fetal back toward the front.

The Woods screw maneuver (also called Woods corkscrew) is a technique used by doctors to free a baby
from the birth canal in cases of shoulder dystocia. The shoulder is rotated in a corkscrew maneuver until
the impacted shoulder is released.

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