FACULTY OF ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY
DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY
ADVANCED BUILDING SERVICES TECHNOLOGY
COURSE CODE BNB 41103
TITLE IMPROVEMENT OF THE FACILITIES FOR DISABLED
PERSON AT UNIVERSITI PENDIDIKAN SULTAN IDRIS
DATE 8/11/2019
GROUP NO. 1
LECTURER INSTRUCTOR 1. DR. FATIMAH BINTI MOHAMED YUSOP
2. ENCIK MOHD SYAFIQ SYAZWAN BIN MUSTAFA
DATE OF REPORT SUBMISSION 21/11/2019
RECEIVED DATE AND STAMP
COMMENTS
TOTAL MARK (FROM RUBRIC
ASSESSMENT)
NO. TABLE OF CONTENT PAGE
1.0 INTRODUCTION 1
2.0 DEFINITION OF SYSTEM 1-2
3.0 COMPARISON WITH NATIONAL AND 3-11
INTERNATIONAL
4.0 PROPOSE FOR IMPROVEMENT 12-16
5.0 CONCLUSION 17
6.0 REFERENCES 18
7.0 ATTACHMENT 19
1.0 INTRODUCTION
Facilites for disabled people should be characterized by at least easy access to buildings, to
the rooms, to the toilets, to the recreation areas. The aim of this task is to present engineering
products that help disabled people in their recreation and sport activity. In this task interaction
of engineering and disabled persons and also sport activists are presented who need special
equipment and also facilities specially designed for disabled persons are shown. On 8
November 2019, 72 students were going to Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris (UPSI) for field
trip about our subject Advanced Building and Services. We had been ask to find out about the
facilities of disabled person. The building that we got in the UPSI is Block A (Division of
Risk Management and Occupational Safety and Health). The building has 3 floor. It also
combined with other department such as, Students Affairs Division, Alumni Relations Centre,
Cultural Centre and Society and Industry Network Centre.
2.0 DEFINITION OF SYSTEM/ELEMENTS
Accessibility in the sense considered here refers to the design of products, devices, services,
or environments so as to be usable by people with disabilities.The concept of accessible
design and practice of accessible development ensures both "direct access" (i.e. unassisted)
and "indirect access" meaning compatibility with a person's assistive technology (for
example, computer screen readers).
2.1 Education and accessibility for students
Equal access to education for students with disabilities is supported in some countries by
legislation. It is still challenging for some students with disabilities to fully participate in
mainstream education settings, but many adaptive technologies and assistive programs are
making improvements. In India, the Medical Council of India has now passed the directives to
all the medical institutions to make them accessible to persons with disabilities. This
happened due to a petition by Dr Satendra Singh founder of Infinite Ability.
Students with a physical or mental impairment or learning disability may require note-taking
assistance, which may be provided by a business offering such services, as with tutoring
services. Talking books in the form of talking textbooks are available in Canadian secondary
and post-secondary schools. Also, students may require adaptive technology to access
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computers and the Internet. These may be tax-exempt expenses in some jurisdictions with a
medical prescription.
2.2 Accessible toilet
An accessible toilet is designed to accommodate people with physical disabilities. Persons
with reduced mobility find them useful, as do those with weak legs, as a higher toilet bowl
makes it easier for them to stand up. Additional measures to add accessibility are providing
more space and grab bars to ease transfer to and from the toilet seat, and including enough
room for a caregiver if necessary. Some countries have requirements concerning the
accessibility of public toilets. Toilets in private homes can be modified (retrofitted) to
increase accessibility.
2.3 Disabled parking permit
A disabled parking permit, also known as a disabled badge, disabled placard, handicapped
permit, handicapped placard, handicapped tag, and "Blue Badge" in the European Union, is
displayed upon parking a vehicle permitting the operator of a vehicle to special privileges
regarding the parking of that vehicle. These privileges include parking in a space reserved for
persons with disabilities, or in some situations, permission to park in a time-limited space for
a longer time, or to park at a meter without payment.
2.4 Wheelchair ramp
A wheelchair ramp is an inclined plane installed in addition to or instead of stairs. Ramps
permit wheelchair users, as well as people pushing strollers, carts, or other wheeled objects, to
more easily access a building.
A wheelchair ramp can be permanent, semi-permanent or portable. Permanent ramps are
designed to be bolted or otherwise attached in place. Semi-permanent ramps rest on top of the
ground or concrete pad and are commonly used for the short term. Permanent and semi-
permanent ramps are usually of aluminum, concrete or wood. Portable ramps are usually
aluminum and typically fold for ease of transport. Portable ramps are primarily intended for
home and building use but can also be used with vans to load an unoccupied mobility device
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or to load an occupied mobility device when both the device and the passenger are easy to
handle.
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3.0 SPECIAL SERVICES / DISABILITIES IN THE BUILDING WITH NATIONAL AND INTERNATIONAL STANDARD
N Services Building National standard International standard
o
1 Signage
Figure 1.1: signage
Figure 1.2: example of vertical signage Figure 1.3: examples of access
route
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2 Car
parking
Figure 2.1: car parking
Figure 2.2: example of designated parking spaces Figure 2.4: car space for disabled
people
Figure 2.3: example of parking space along a
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sidewalk
3 Toilet
Figure 3.1: toilet seat
Figure 3.6: public cloakrooms,
Figure 3.3: male, female, cleaner’s room and
distribution of male/female toilet
accessible toilet – layout plan
facilities
Figure 3.2: wash basin
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Figure 3.4: ambulant toilet Figure 3.7: unisex toilet
Figure 3.5: positioning of grab rails, water supply
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and toilet paper in type C corner toilet
4 Sloping
path
Figure 4.1: sloping ramp
Figure 4.2: example of sloping path
Figure 4.6: type of ramp
Figure 4.3: example of tactile walking surface
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indicator (TWSI) used in open area
Figure 4.4: kerb ramp
Figure 4.5: ramps with alternative stepped
approach
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5 Glazed
doors
and
glazed
areas
Figure 5.1: glazed door
Figure 5.2: markings on glazed doors
Figure 5.4: standard-panel glazed
doors
Figure 5.3: examples of doors with glazed
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viewing panels
6 Staircase
landings
Figure 6.1: staircase
Figure 6.2: recommended tread and riser of steps Figure 6.5: steps and stairs
Figure 6.3: example of stair and landing for
emergency access Figure 6.6: handrails
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Figure 6.4: tactile walking surface indicator
(TWSI) and visual indicator
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4.0 IMPROVE ACCESS AND USE OF FACILITIES FOR DIASBLED PERSON
You may need to make alterations and changes to physical features to accommodate disabled
employees. If the physical feature puts disabled employees at a disadvantage compared with
your non-disabled employees, you must adjust it to remove or reduce its impact. These
alterations are called reasonable adjustments.
Reasonable adjustments for employees
These steps could include, where reasonable, making structural or physical changes to
facilities within the building, such as:
Widening doorways to allow a wheelchair to pass through easily
Replacing steps with ramps
Relocating light switches and door handles to a level that considers people who have
difficulty in reaching
Putting in place audio-visual fire alarms
Providing accessible toilet facilities for disabled employees
These steps also involve allowing the person to work in a more easily accessible place, such
as by:
Transferring a wheelchair user's workstation from an inaccessible upper floor to the
ground floor
Allowing a disabled job applicant to be interviewed in an accessible room
Providing specially modified equipment, such as a special keyboard adapted for
someone who has arthritis, or a telephone adapted for someone with a hearing
impairment
The following recommendations are becoming more common in public toilet facilities, as part
of a trend towards universal design:
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A wheelchair-height toilet, to help the user on and off the toilet, with handles (grab
bars);
A bathroom emergency pull string, in the form of a red cord that reaches the ground,
connected to a buzzer and a flashing red light;
A wheelchair-height sink and hand dryer;
A wheelchair-width door;
Additional options to upgrade a toilet are pit latrines that include a moveable wood
seat with support bars.
Accessible toilets need larger floor space than other cubicles to allow space for a wheelchair
to maneuver. This space is also useful for people who are not necessarily wheelchair users,
but still need physical support from someone else. A wheelchair-height changing table is also
recommended, but remains rarely available. Accessible changing tables are low and accessible
to a wheelchair user, and long enough for a caretaker to change an older child or adult with a
disability.
Example for facilities disable people toilet:
Firgure1: A sign with a braille map for
a public toilet. NB colours to designate Figure2: Overhead mobile support
sex segregation. bars in an accessible public toilet.
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Figure 3: A public toilet for use with a
Figure 4: Sign on toilet door to indicate
wheelchair
accessible toilet for ambulant use (with
grab bars but not for wheelchair users)
Essential tools and facilities for disabled people toilets:
1. Toilet size should not be smaller than 1600 mm X 2000 mm. It must have enough
space for wheelchair to manoeuvre inside.
2. Toilet sign must be clearly visible. Only internationally adopted symbol should be
used.
3. The doors should be either of the sliding or outward-opening type.
4. Floor should not be slippery.
5. There must be knee space clearance under the basins.
6. Mirrors must be big enough so that it is usable by people who sit on wheelchair.
7. Door locks and taps should not be of the types that require pinching, tight grasping and
fine finger control.
8. An emergency call button should be provided.
9. Doors should be of the type that can be opened from outside in case of emergency.
10. Layout and fixtures must be standardized so that people with visual impairment can
find the paper, sink and place to flush the toilet.
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Figure 5 Figure 6
Figure 7
Example for disabled parking:
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Figure 8 & 9: A disabled parking permit, also known as a disabled badge, disabled placard,
handicapped permit, handicapped tag, and "Blue Badge".
Example of convenient access for people with disabilities:
A curb ramp is a short ramp cutting through a curb or built up to it.1 If designed and
constructed to be accessible, a curb ramp provides an accessible route that people with
disabilities can use to safely transition from a roadway to a curbed sidewalk and vice versa.
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5.0 CONCLUSION
The introduction of children with medium, serious and disabled persons into general
univerity education is apositive development. More pupils are gaining from higher quality
education services by addressing the needs of disabled student and increasing university
structure. However, there are still many challenges facing various parties, namely the
Ministry of Education, teachers and school managment and they need to be rapidly,
discussed and solved. These include unregulated and unstructured early intervention
programs, inadequate availibility to insfrastructure and technology, financial constraints,
low training of trained and general education practitioners and student disputes.
Only by aknwoledging and seriously addressing these challenges will then lead us to think
about the practical solutions for these obstacles. At the same time, a multi skateholder
engagement needs to be developed, succesfully planned, enforced, tracked and assessed to
ensure inclusiveness for disabled people in local education.
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6.0 REFERENCES
1. Henry, Shawn Lawton; Abou-Zahra, Shadi; Brewer, Judy (2014). The Role of
Accessibility in a Universal Web. Proceeding W4A '14 Proceedings of the 11th
Web for All Conference Article No. 17. ISBN 978-1-4503-2651-3. Retrieved
2014-12-17.
2. "What is assistive technology?. washington.edu. Archived from the original on
2019-01-19. Retrieved 2018-07-02.
3. Erdmann WS, Department of Biomechanics and Sport Engineering, J Sniadecki
University of Physical Education and Sport (January 22, 2018)
https://medcraveonline.com/MOJABB/MOJABB-02-00038.php
4. Haryati Mohd Isa1,a, Halmi Zanol2 , Kartina Alauddin1 and Mohd Hafizuddin
Nawi3 (2016)
https://www.matecconferences.org/articles/matecconf/pdf/2016/29/matecconf_ibcc
2016_00016.pdf
5. HARIATI AZIZAN (5 Jul 2015)
https://www.thestar.com.my/news/nation/2015/07/05/need-to-improve-lives-of-
the-disabled
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7.0 ATTACHMENT
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