AP European History Timeline

Dylan Graves, McAvoy, Period 8

1300 1350 1400 1450 1500 1550 1600 1650 1700 1750 1800 1850 1900

Large Scale Events and

Movements
Hundred Years War

The Black Death

Itialian Renaissance

Northerern Renaissance

Commercial Revolution

Reformation

Scientific Revolution

Agricultural Revolution

Enlightenment

Industrial Revolution

French Revolution

Small Scale Events and

Movements
Petrach

Avignon Papacy

Boccaccio

Jacquerie

John Hus and the Hussites

Council of Constance

Erasmus

Copernicus

Columbian Exchange

Witch Hunts

Rule of King Henry VIII of England

German Peasant Revolts

King William of Orange the Silent

Council of Trent

Tycho Brahe

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 Rule of Mary I of England

French Wars on Religion

Shakespeare

Rule of James I of England

Dutch Revolt

Dutch Golden Age

Rule of King Henry IV of France

Rule of Louis XIII

Thirty Years' War

Blaise Pascal

Rule of Charles I of England

John Locke

English Civil War

Rule of Louis XIV

Mississippi Bubble

Voltaire

War of Spanish Succession

Rousseau

Rule of Fredrick the Great of Prussia

War of Austrian Succession

Seven Years' War

Rule of King Louis XVI of France

American Revolution

The Great Fear

National Convention

Reign of Terror

The Directory

Individual Dates

The Golden Bull

John Wycliffe

Invention of the Printing Press

Ferdinand and Isabella marry

Columbus's Discovery of the New World

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 Luthers posts his 95 Thesis

Diet of Worms

John Calvin and the Calvinists

The Prince is Published

Peace of Augsburg

St. Bartholomew's Day Massacre

Spanish Armada attacks

Edict of Nantes

Assassination of Henry IV of France

Principa Mathematica is published

Pragamatic Sanction

Treaty of Utrecht

Diplomatic Revolution

Estates General is Called and Meets

Nobles renounce feudal priveledge

Formation of the National Assembly

Tennis Court Oath

Storming of Bastille

Declaration of Rights of Man and Citizen

Women's March on Versailles

Constitution of the Year III

Napoleon becomes Emperor

Types of
Art
Mannerism

Dutch Golden Age Art

Boroque

Neoclassicalism

Rococo

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 Large Scale Events and Movements

Hundred Years War The Hundred Year's War was a war between England and France over
1337 - 1453 feudal disputes that lasted 116 years, with fighting divided over the course
of that time.

The Black Death A plague from rats imported from ships from Asia that caused the death of
1346 - 1400 1/3 of Europe

Itialian Renaissance Period of relative peace and intellect throughout Italy that lead to a great
1350 - 1527 deal of art and culture, ending with the sacking of Rome

Northerern Renaissance Until 1450, the Italian Renaissance had little effect on Northern Europe.
1450 - 1648 However, ideas began to spread, leading to a Renaissance period in
northern Europe and ending after the Thirty Years' War

Commercial Revolution Period of European colonization and mercantilism which lasted from 1488
1488 - 1776 with the first European sailing around the Cape of Good Hope and ended
around the time of the American Revolution in 1776

Reformation The Protestant Reformation began with Luther's posting of his 95 thesis
1517 - 1648 and lasted until 1648, after the Thirty Years' War

Scientific Revolution Period of Scientific Growth where many 'natural philosophers' studied and
1543 - 1789 learned a great deal about astronomy, biology, and other fields of science.

Agricultural Revolution Period where efficiency of agriculture allowed for better quality of life and
1600 - 1750 eventually lead to the Industrial Revolution

Enlightenment A period of enlightened growth and education leading into more modern
1700 - 1800 society, many philosopher's debated what an ideal society was and what
rights should exist.

Industrial Revolution A period in Europe of economic and technological expansion, resulting

1750 - 1900 from increase life expectancy and health caused by the Agricultural
revolution. Inventions such as the Spinning Jenny, the Water Frame, and
the Steam Engine helped progress this period.

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 French Revolution Period of French Revolt which lead to the Rise of Napolean Bonaparte and
1789 - 1799 utilized many Enlightenment ideas to attempt to formulate a new
government,

Small Scale Events and Movements

Petrach Considered father of Humanism for his humanistic papers and essays.
1304 - 1374

Avignon Papacy A time when the popes (Seven total) resided in Avignon, part of France,
1309 - 1376 and were under influence of France. Lasted until Gregory XI moved the
papacy to Rome.

Boccaccio Humanist who wrote much in agreement with Petrach.

1313 - 1375

Jacquerie Revolt during the summer of 1358 in France, Part of the Hundred Years'
March 1358 - July 1358 War

John Hus and the Hussites The Hussites were followers of the ideas of John Hus and were one of the
1403 - 1431 forerunner groups for the reformation

Council of Constance The council held to resolve the dispute over who the pope was. Resolved
1414 - 1418 in decision that Pope Martin V was the true pope.

Erasmus Humanist writer who supported religious toleration.

1466 - 1534

Copernicus Copernicus was a natural philosopher who was one of the first to propose
1473 - 1543 a formula for a heliocentric ideology.

Columbian Exchange Vast exchange of goods, culture, diseases, and ideas between Europe and
1492 - 1776 the New World, caused by the Commercial Revolution

Witch Hunts Period of 'Hunting Witches' in small towns, using witches as excuses for
1500 - 1750 bad things.

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 Rule of King Henry VIII of England Henry VIII of England separated the Church of England from the Roman
1509 - 1547 Catholic Church and established himself as the Supreme Head of the
Church of England.

German Peasant Revolts German peasants, inspired by Martin Luther, tried and failed to revolt.
1524 - 1527

King William of Orange the Silent Main leader of the Dutch revolt, excellent politique
1544 - 1584

Council of Trent Catholic attempt to stop the Protestant religion and to reform the Catholic
1545 - 1563 church.

Tycho Brahe Astronomer who accurately observed the heavens

1546 - 1601

Rule of Mary I of England "Bloody Mary". Very catholic ruler who was disliked in the public view
1553 - 1558 because of her Catholic faith that caused her to execute protestants.

French Wars on Religion Period of fighting within France between Catholics and Protestants
1562 - 1598 (Huguenots) that results in the Edict of Nantes

Shakespeare Codified English Language, wrote many plays and sonnets

1564 - 1616

Rule of James I of England

1567 - 1625

Dutch Revolt The revolts of the protestant Dutch against the Catholic Spain ending in
1568 - 1648 Dutch separation from Spain.

Dutch Golden Age After the Dutch Revolts, dutch trade, science, and are were superior to
1570 - 1650 nearly everyone else's at the time.

Rule of King Henry IV of France Politique who changed his religion and alter policies numerous times in
1589 - 1610 order to keep good control of his citizens. Is rumored to have said, "Paris is
well worth a Mass"

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 Rule of Louis XIII Along with Cardinal Richelieu, one of the first absolute monarchs,
1610 - 1643 removed rights of Huguenots, and was involved in the Thirty Years' War
against the Hapsburg.

Thirty Years' War The War that ended the Reformation with the Treaty of Westphalia. It had 4
1618 - 1648 stages and was between Catholics and Protestants.

Blaise Pascal Natural Philosopher who studied mathematics and physics.

1623 - 1662

Rule of Charles I of England Levied taxes without parliamentary consent, was considered tyrannical by
1625 - 1649 many, partially responsible for the English Civil War.

John Locke Enlightened thinker who urged that the role of government is to protect
1632 - 1704 the people from themselves. Used idea of Natural Rights, or rights that
everyone should be granted, an idea embraced by the French Revolution.

English Civil War Civil war in England which ended with the execution of King Charles, and
1642 - 1651 the establishment of the Commonwealth by Oliver Cromwell.

Rule of Louis XIV Centralized French government by building and maintaining nobles in
1643 - 1715 Versailles, waged successful wars, revoked the Edict of Nantes

Mississippi Bubble An economic bubble of Denmark that burst when the bank was forced to
1684 - 1720 stop payment on paper noted, destroying their economy.

Voltaire Cynical enlightened thinker who wrote much about the evils of the church
1694 - 1778 and advocated freedom of religion and expression.

War of Spanish Succession War for Spain and France to unite against most of Europe, ended with
1701 - 1714 decision that Philip could be King of Spain, but not of France as well.

Rousseau Possibly the most important figure in the Enlightenment, many of his ideas
1712 - 1779 on the Social Contract influenced French peasantry during the French
Revolution

Rule of Fredrick the Great of Prussia Brilliant military strategist who lead Prussia in any successful campaigns
1740 - 1786 during his reign

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 War of Austrian Succession War over whether Maria Theresa should keep the Austrian Throne. Ends
1740 - 1748 with Maria Theresa keeping the Austrian Throne.

Seven Years' War Ended with the Treaty of Paris of 1763, marking the beginning of British
1754 - 1763 Dominance outside Europe.

Rule of King Louis XVI of France King of France under whom the Revolution of France occurred, eventually
1774 - 1792 leading to his downfall.

American Revolution American colonies separated from Great Britain.

1775 - 1783

The Great Fear A period in the French Revolution where rumors spread that an armed
July 17, 1789 - August 5, 1789 group of peasants were roaming the countryside as part of the Revolution

National Convention French revolutionary committee which organized the Revolution and the
1792 - 1794 Committee of Public Safety.

Reign of Terror A time when the Committee of Public Safety was executing anyone who
September 5, 1793 - July 28, 1794 they though didn't support the Revolution... Which was about 25,000
people.

The Directory Frances revolutionary government

1795 - 1799

Individual Dates

The Golden Bull Established centralization of Holy Roman Empire, gave much power to
1356 Prussia.

John Wycliffe John Wycliffe, founder of the Lollards, translated the Bible into vernacular
1382 English, which sets up some basis for the Protestant reformation.

Invention of the Printing Press Printing press is invented by Gutenberg, revolutionizing the ability to print
1440 books, and spurring the Northern Renaissance.

Ferdinand and Isabella marry King Ferdinand, king of Spain, and Isabella, Queen of Castile, marry to end
October 18, 1469 hostilities between the nations.

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 Columbus's Discovery of the New World Columbus discovers America
1492

Luthers posts his 95 Thesis Martin Luther posts his 95 thesis on a church door, arguing that
October 31, 1517 indulgences are morally wrong. Begins Reformation

Diet of Worms A diet in the Holy Roman Empire which produced the Edict of Worms, that
1521 declared Martin Luther and his following to be outlaws, and his religion
banned.

John Calvin and the Calvinists John Calvin creates Calvinism, a Protestant religion based on pre-
1530 destination

The Prince is Published The Prince, by Machiavelli, is published, explaining what a good ruler
1532 should be.

Peace of Augsburg The decree that the leader of a region may choose between Lutheranism
1555 and Catholic. Cuius regio, eius religio in the Holy Roman Empire.

St. Bartholomew's Day Massacre Date when Roman Catholic mobs, during the French Religious War, killed
August 23, 1572 5,000 to 30,000 protestants.

Spanish Armada attacks The failed Spanish attack on England using naval forces. Because of a
August 8, 1588 storm and new technology and tactics, England won decisively.

Edict of Nantes Issued by Henry IV that allowed Calvinists of France many rights in
1598 attempt to promote civil unity.

Assassination of Henry IV of France Henry IV is assassinated by a Catholic fanatic.

May 14, 1610

Principa Mathematica is published Book by Isaac Newton during the Scientific Revolution stating Newton's
1687 Laws of Motion

Pragamatic Sanction An edict issued by Holy Roman Emperor Charles VI to insure his daughter
1713 inherited his land.

Treaty of Utrecht The treaty ending the War of Spanish Succession allowing for Philip to
1713 remain King of Spain, but not King of France.

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 Diplomatic Revolution Shift of support between England and France over Austria and Prussia,
1756 from Austria sided with England and Prussia sided with France to the
reverse.

Estates General is Called and Meets The Estates General meets in Versailles, and ends in the Tennis Court
1789 oath, sparking the French Revolution

Nobles renounce feudal priveledge In order to support the French Revolution and to avoid being persecuted
1789 by the peasants, Franh nobles revoke their feudal power.

Formation of the National Assembly The pivotal group of Third Estates Generals formed a group against the
June 17, 1789 French Monarchy, eventually beginning a revolution.

Tennis Court Oath One of the meetings of the National Convention, the group that began the
June 20, 1789 French Revolution. Happened after the National Convention was forced to
use a Tennis Court after being locked out of their meeting place.

Storming of Bastille Bastille is captured by peasants, rebellion begins

July 14, 1789

Declaration of Rights of Man and Citizen The documents that was influenced by the idea of 'Natural Rights' and
August 26, 1789 declared what rights every human should have.

Women's March on Versailles Paris women rioted over high bread prices and so they ransacked the
October 5, 1789 Palace of Versailles, which ended with King Louis XVI to return to Paris
with them.

Constitution of the Year III Constitution ratified by the National Convention to establish the Directory
August 22, 1795

Napoleon becomes Emperor Napoleon becomes Emperor, and that ends Semester 1!
May 18, 1804

Types of Art

Mannerism A type of art associated with the Italian Renassaince

1500 - 1580

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 Dutch Golden Age Art Art that highlights daily life using still lives, or paintings of inanimate
1560 - 1650 objects that emphasized peasant life.

Boroque Style of art that was very grand and furnished. Very ornate.
1580 - 1800

Neoclassicalism Art that was painted in the classical Greek and Roman style, depicting
1750 - 1800 contemporary scenes.

Rococo French style similar to the ornate baroque.

1750 - 1800

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