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St. Paul University Philippines

This document discusses a clinical toxicology exercise on respiratory drugs. It provides objectives and an introduction to different types of respiratory drugs and their uses. Two case studies are presented: case 1 involves a 19-year-old female with palpitations who was using a nasal decongestant and slimming coffee, and case 2 involves a 60-year-old woman who received an overdose of a bronchodilator resulting in various symptoms. Students are asked to analyze each case by identifying the toxic substance, describing its properties and mechanism of toxicity, listing signs and symptoms, and suggesting possible management or treatment. Questions at the end ask about specific respiratory drugs that can cause intoxication, their uses, toxic effects, and brand

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Ashley Dayag
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490 views6 pages

St. Paul University Philippines

This document discusses a clinical toxicology exercise on respiratory drugs. It provides objectives and an introduction to different types of respiratory drugs and their uses. Two case studies are presented: case 1 involves a 19-year-old female with palpitations who was using a nasal decongestant and slimming coffee, and case 2 involves a 60-year-old woman who received an overdose of a bronchodilator resulting in various symptoms. Students are asked to analyze each case by identifying the toxic substance, describing its properties and mechanism of toxicity, listing signs and symptoms, and suggesting possible management or treatment. Questions at the end ask about specific respiratory drugs that can cause intoxication, their uses, toxic effects, and brand

Uploaded by

Ashley Dayag
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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St.

Paul University Philippines


Tuguegarao City, Cagayan 3500

SCHOOL OF NURSING AND ALLIED HEALTH SCIENCES


COLLEGE OF PHARMACY

PHR126 – CLINICAL TOXICOLOGY

EXERCISE NO. 13
Respiratory Drugs

I. Objectives:
At the end of the exercise, the students should be able to:
1. Identify the common respiratory drugs that cause intoxication
2. Describe the mechanism by which they cause toxicity
3. Learn the appropriate management, treatment and prevention of the clinical manifestations
resulting from intoxication with respiratory drugs

II. Discussion:

Respiratory drugs are prescription drugs and medicines for conditions and diseases relating to
lungs and/or breathing. They are drugs intended for treatment and prevention of acute respiratory
distress syndrome (ARDS), allergy, asthma, bronchitis, cystic fibrosis, emphysema, lung disease,
pneumonia, sinus infections, smoking cessation and others

Types of Respiratory Drugs


1. Antihistamines
• Drugs that counteract the effects of histamine, they usually provide relief from allergy.

2. Antitussives
• Drugs that control coughs by its direct action on the brain.

3. Bronchodilators
• Agents that open airways in the lungs and medications that relax smooth muscle
tissues to improve breathing.

4. Decongestants
• Agents that constrict blood vessels in the nose and sinuses to open air passages.
They are available in different forms as oral preparations, nose drops or nasal sprays

5. Expectorants
• Agents that are used to change a dry nonproductive cough into a productive one by
increasing the amount of mucus that is produced.

1
Recognition go drug-induced lung disease, however, is difficult because the clinical, radiological,
and histological findings are nonspecific. Because no diagnostic studies are available to confirm the
presence of drug-induced lung reaction, health care providers can make a correct diagnosis only if
they are aware of the drugs that have been identified to cause pulmonary reactions.

III. Materials:
Books
Reference Materials
Laboratory Manual

IV. Procedure:

Case Analysis. Using the following case, identify the suspected poisonous/ toxic
substance; describe its physicochemical properties, mechanism of toxicity, clinical signs and
symptoms of toxicity and possible management or treatment procedures/ antidotes.

Case 1

MS a 19 y.o. obese female was brought to the Emergency Room due to palpitations. Her
blood pressure was 200/160 mmHg. Present medication includes a nasal decongestant for her
clogged nose and allergic rhinitis. Her mother states that she was drinking a slimming coffee to loose
weight.

Case 2

A 60 year old woman with bronchospasm and theophylline blood level of 7 ug/mL 18 hours
previously received terbutaline 2.5mg instead of the recommended dose of 0.25 mg SQ. She
developed palpitations, chest pain, tremor, tachycardia, and HTN developed with
electrocardiographic changes reflecting myocardial ischemia. The tremor diminished over the next 24
hours.

Name/s: ___________________________________ Score: ____________


Year & Section/Set: ________________________ Date: _____________

ANSWER SHEET FOR EXERCISE NO. 13

2
Observations/Results/Conclusions:
Case 1

Data Results

Poisonous/ Toxic Substance

Physicochemical Properties

Mechanism of Toxicity

Signs and Symptoms of Toxicity

Possible Management/ Treatment/


Antidote

3
Case 2

Data Results

Poisonous/ Toxic Substance

Physicochemical Properties

Mechanism of Toxicity

Signs and Symptoms of Toxicity

Possible Management/ Treatment/


Antidote
4
Remarks/Conclusion:
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________

5
Questions to answer

1. What respiratory drug is usually associated with intoxication

2. What is Ma Huang?

3. What is the use of Ma Huang?

4. What is the toxic effects associated with pseudo ephedrine?

5. Give brand names of products containing phenylpropanolamine.

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