Blaine County
Deputy Cadet Training
OPENING SPEECH (DAY ONE, IN-FORMATION)
Hello cadets, welcome to your first day of training, today we will be
covering any and all topics that can be covered in a classroom setting for the most
part. It may seem boring or difficult but the things you learn over the next two
days will help you on the street to keep yourself, your partner, and the people of
this county safe from harm.
● Preamble
“We the people of the United States, in order to form a more perfect union,
establish justice, ensure domestic tranquility, provide for the common
defense, promote the general welfare, and secure the blessings of liberty to
ourselves and our posterity, do ordain and establish this constitution for the
United States of America.”
● Bill of Rights
1st Amendment - Right to Free Speech, Free Press, Free Religion,
Free Assembly, Free to Petition.
2nd Amendment - “A well-regulated militia, being necessary to the
security of a free state, the right of the people to keep and bear arms
shall not be infringed.”
3rd Amendment - Right to refuse to quarter troops.
4th Amendment - Protects against unreasonable search and seizure.
5th Amendment - Protects against self-incrimination and double
jeopardy.
6th Amendment - Right to a fair and speedy trial, and the right to an
attorney.
7th Amendment - Right to a trial by jury in a civil case over $20.
8th Amendment - Protects against cruel and unusual punishments.
9th Amendment - Gives rights not stated in the constitution to the
people.
10th Amendment - Gives states rights not stated in the constitution
that are not prohibited by it.
● Priority of Life
Priority One - Your own life, you’re no good to anybody if you’re
dead.
Priority Two - You’re partner’s life, they’re also no good to anyone
dead, they’re a valuable resource in a scene like this that shouldn’t be lost if
it can be helped.
Priority Three - Civilian life, your job as a law enforcement officer is
to protect and serve the civilian populus of your community, they will
always come before the suspect.
Priority Four - The Suspect’s life, the suspect is the least of your
concerns seeing as they’re the cause of the incident in the first place, if you
need to eliminate the suspect to protect any of the previously stated
individuals, do so without prejudice.
● Use of Force Continuum
● Passive Resistance - Resisting an officer’s lawful orders, tensing up,
obstructing an investigation while not attempting to purposely injure
anyone.
● Active Resistance - Actively attempting to hurt or kill officers and
other persons in order to resist their commands.
● Escalation of Commands/De-Escalating a Situation
Level 1 - Ask: Be polite to the subject, ask them politely to do things
like step out of the vehicle, say please and thank you, however still maintain
control of the scene and have some authority in your voice.
Level 2 - Tell: Give the subject stern commands you are no longer
asking them politely to do things, tell them to step out and if they refuse, go up
another level.
Level 3 - Make: Physically make the subject do what you’re telling
them to do, like remove them from the vehicle at gunpoint or drag them out, give
loud verbal commands.
You Always want to try and de-escalate a situation rather than escalate it, do
this by speaking frankly with the suspect and establish a rapport, ask things
about their family and job, tell them your name and talk about yourself a
little, attempt to bring them down to ask level before moving in if possible.
● Case-Law
Miranda v. Arizona - Established the “Miranda Rights” and required them
to be read prior to police interrogation, they do not have to be read if you do
not plan to question the suspect about the crime.
Pennsylvania v. Mimms - Held that if an officer requests or tells you to step
out of a vehicle, you must do so as it is not a violation of your fourth
amendment rights.
Tennessee v. Garner - Established the “Fleeing Felon Rule” making it so
law enforcement officers can not shoot ‘fleeing felons’ in the back unless
"the officer has probable cause to believe that the suspect poses a significant
threat of death or serious physical injury to the officer or others."
Terry v. Ohio - A police officer may stop a suspect on the street and frisk
him or her without probable cause to arrest, if the police officer has a
reasonable suspicion that the person has committed, is committing, or is
about to commit a crime and has a reasonable belief that the person "may be
armed and presently dangerous."
● Sovereign Citizens
Individuals who believe they are above the law, most believe or
preach make believe laws most famously black’s law dictionary and the
outdated articles of confederation. You’ll commonly hear terms like
“Article Four Free Inhabitant”, “Joinder”, and “Contracts”, these individuals
will likely fail to comply with officers on the first two levels of commands,
you will likely have to “Make” these subjects comply, they are often arrested
for obstruction.
● Handling Service Weapons
1. Always treat any firearm as if it is loaded.
2. Always keep your firearm pointed in a safe direction.
3. Keep your finger off the trigger until you have made the conscious
decision to shoot. ( Keep your finger off of left click until you decide
to shoot)
4. Be certain of your target, your line of fire, and what lies beyond your
target.
5. Always aim for the center of mass.
6. Fire until the threat is eliminated.
7. Never assume a fight is over, make it impossible for the target to fight
any longer.
8. Always cuff suspects when the area is secured.
Miranda Rights
“You have the right to remain silent. Anything you say can and will be used against you in a
court of law. You have the right to an attorney. If you cannot afford an attorney, one will be
provided for you. Do you understand the rights I have just read to you? With these rights in
mind, do you wish to speak to me?”
● Brief Review of Weapons Handling
● See Above
● Terry Stops
The cadets will perform a foot stop aka a “Terry Stop” on a subject to
stop and frisk them, the cadet will identify them, pat them down for
weapons, and release them as they are not the subject being searched for.
● Traffic Stops
The cadet will position their vehicle at an angle as it provides better cover if
the suspect opens fire, and it also protects the officer and suspect from the
vehicle if it gets hit from the rear. Do not walk in the area marked with the
red “X”, it is known as the “Danger Zone”, it puts you in a prime position to
be crushed between the suspect’s vehicle and your own.
The cadet will then check the license plate on the vehicle in CAD, following
this the cadet will step out and approach the vehicle, the cadet will touch the
back of the vehicle with their full hand (say this verbally as its unnecessary
to type it out). The cadet will then approach the front window and stand by
the B Post of the car, this offers the cadet protection and helps prevent the
suspect from seeing the cadet. The cadet will introduce themselves and tell
the person why they stopped them, do not ask as they will always assume the
worst and it may get you hurt or killed. The cadet will converse with the
suspect and inquire about some things, then the cadet will eventually request
the driver’s license, registration, and proof of insurance, if the driver does
not have ID then take their name and search it that way. The cadet will then
write a citation for the suspect and issue it to them, the cadet must inform the
driver of the two different ways to pay the citation as it is not written on the
citation. “You can either call the courthouse and give them your name,
citation number, and card number that you’ll be paying with and they can
pay it for you, or you can go in person to the county courthouse with your
ID, citation, and form of payment and take care of it that way.” The cadet
will then let the driver go but inform him to wait until you leave before he
can leave.
● Driving While Intoxicated (**Look at Penal codes**)
The cadets will learn how to perform the three main field sobriety tests,
these consist of:
The Walk and Turn
The One Legged Stand
The Speech Evaluation
Walk and Turn
The cadet will instruct the individual on how to do the walk and turn and
demonstrate it themselves first
● Stand straight up and down along a line on the ground (if there are none use
an imaginary one) with your right foot in front of your left heel to toe, keep
your arms at your sides the whole time
● Take nine steps heel to toe along the line counting each step out loud
● When you reach nine steps turn around however you wish
● Take nine more steps back to the starting position in the same fashion
counting each step out loud again
You’re looking for stumbling, balance issues, miscounting, slurring of
words, extending arms, and taking too many steps.
One Legged Stand
The cadet will instruct the individual on how to do the one legged stand and
demonstrate it themselves first
● Stand up straight, arms down, eyes forward
● Lift one foot six inches off the ground and point your toe
● Begin counting out loud one one thousand, two one thousand, three one
thousand, etc.
● If you put your foot down just pick it back up and keep counting
You’re looking for balance issues, miscounting, slurring of words, and
extending arms.
Speech Evaluation
The cadet will ask the individual if they are fluent in english and know the
alphabet, if yes then the cadet will request the individual say the alphabet starting
with G and ending with O without singing it.
You’re looking for slurring of words, starting in the wrong place, stopping in the
wrong place, and saying them in the wrong order.
● High-Risk Stops
The cadet will work with three others to complete the stop although it’s
normal to only have two to three officers on a high-risk stop.
The cadet in the number one spot will issue these commands in a loud
commanding and clear tone:
“Driver put your hands out the window”
*Driver does so*
“Driver, with your right hand take your keys out of the ignition and throw
them out the window”
*Does so*
“Put your hands back out the window”
*Does so*
“With your left hand open the door from the outside”
*Does so*
“Step out slowly, and face away from us”
*Does so*
“Go in first person and walk back slowly to the sound of my voice until I tell
you to stop” (Advise the suspect to take a step or two to the left or right if
necessary, bring the suspect into your cover before stopping him)
*Does so*
“Stop”
*Stops*
“Get on your knees and interlock your fingers on your head”
*Does so*
*Officer 3 cuffs the suspect and pulls him back, other officers maintain line
on car*
*Officer 3 quickly pats down the suspect and places him in a car*
“Passenger put your hands out the window” (There may not be a passenger
but if there’s one hiding he’d likely come out if you blatantly call him out
like you know he’s there, after 2 or 3 tries move in on the vehicle)
*The right two officers move in on the vehicle to clear it while the other two
cover from their vehicle*
*The vehicle is clear and the stop is over*
● Shots Fired/First Aid
The cadet will react to shots being fired in their vicinity
● Find the threat
● Eliminate the threat immediately if necessary/possible
● Await further assistance if necessary
---The following is known as “Standard Shooting Procedures”---
● Give loud clear commands for the suspect to show their hands (Even
if they appear dead or unconscious)
● Move in on the suspect with weapon drawn
● Have a cadet leave cover with you to cover you from the side
● NEVER COVER AN OFFICER FROM THE FRONT OR REAR AS
IT CREATES CROSSFIRE
● Cuff the suspect and secure any weapons on the suspect
● Clear any and all weapons found on the suspect
● Begin rendering First Aid
The cadet will react to shots being fired at them
● Seek immediate cover if available
● If cover is not immediately available return high volumes of accurate
fire
● Move to cover as quickly as possible
● Continue to return fire until the threat is eliminated
● Proceed with normal steps following an engagement as stated above
Keywords: DOS (Dead on Scene), immediately followed up by the
timestamp in CST; RTA (Rapid Trauma Assessment), done prior to any first aid
being rendered to determine extent of injuries; ABCs (Airway, Breathing,
Circulation), Always check these prior to rendering first aid to anyone, this can be
done a number of ways, always check the person’s pulse by placing your index and
middle finger on the radial artery on either arm, you can tell if someone is
breathing if they’re talking to you or by “look, listen, and feel” look at their chest,
is it rising and falling? Listen for breathing over the mouth and nose, do you hear
any air movement? Feel their radial pulse, do you feel any heart rate? If so, how
does it feel?; Lastly, TQ or tourniquet, every good officer carries a good tourniquet
on them, I prefer the softee style but there are others, such as the CAT, and SWAT
tourniquets, you can make a tourniquet out of any kind of sturdy fabric strip and a
sturdy branch or a few pens or pencils, apply it high and tight and twist until you
see no more bleeding or feel no pulse in the appendage, this should only be used in
cases of extreme arterial bleeding (pulsing or squirting blood), and should only be
used on the four appendages, whenever a tourniquet is applied you MUST
timestamp the time of application with Radio.
● Handling Aggressive Animals
The cadet will learn what to do when a dog or other animal is being
aggressive
● Attempt to create distance between yourself and the animal if possible
● Attempt to calm the animal while maintaining distance
● If the animal charges you, unfortunately you will have to discharge
your firearm and shoot the animal
● Barricaded Subjects
The cadets will learn what to do when a subject has barricaded themselves
inside a building and no hostages are involved
● Request a minimum of six officers on scene at maximum eight
● Surround the building to the best of your abilities and secure any exits
● The initial officer should be the front of the building issuing clear,
loud commands to the subject inside, utilize the PA system if
necessary
● Bring the subject to you, DO NOT LEAVE COVER
● Secure the subject
● Determine if anyone else is inside via questioning
● If yes order the subject out of the building the same as the first
● If no or if any suspect refuses to exit after more than 10 minutes of
commands enter the building to clear it
● Room Clearing
The cadets will learn how to clear a house properly with a three man
breaching team and two men on perimeter
● Formulate a plan whilst in cover, minimal exposure and least amount
of uncovered angles possible
● Stack up and prepare to move to the door, each man is a number, the
first man in line is the one man going all the way back to the last man,
in this case the three man, each number will state their number and ok
beginning with the last man moving up to the one man aka the point
man
● Stack up at the door and do the same procedure again, any shotguns
should be in the front of the stack unless you have a shield
● Upon breaching the
● Active Shooter Training
The cadet will learn how to properly react to an active shooter situation
● Upon arriving on-scene, immediately enter the building or area in
question
● If shots are actively being fired move immediately towards the shots
and attempt to eliminate the threat
● If no audible gunfire is heard then quickly ask any subjects where the
suspect is if any are available
● Proceed with caution and check your corners as you are unaware of
where the suspect is
● Eliminate the threat as soon as possible and proceed with standard
shooting procedures
● Driving Course and Test
The cadet will first learn how to properly drive and utilize their vehicle as a
tool then will undergo a test to determine their abilities
● TBD
● Using Vehicles as Weapons
The cadet will learn how and when to use their vehicle as a weapon
● When a threat of life is present, and there is no time to pull out a
service firearm, your cruiser may be used as a weapon. A vehicle at
medium to high speeds [35 Mph and higher] is lethal to any human
being, thus the nickname five ton bullet. Use this procedure only if
you feel that yours or other’s lives are under immediate threat.
● Vehicle Pursuit Procedure
The cadet will learn how to properly pursue a subject both as primary,
secondary, and tertiary officers
● When initiating a pursuit, remember department policy, is the offender
violent? If not terminate the pursuit after five minutes, if it gets too
dangerous, or if there is an air unit available allow them to pursue
alone
● When pursuing a suspect leave enough space between you and the
vehicle in front to be able to stop rapidly and not hit the vehicle
● When pursuing a suspect make sure that someone is calling out the
location and direction of travel at all times, primary if you’re alone,
and secondary when they arrive, air if they’re available
● When pursuing a vehicle make sure to remain in an orderly single file
line unless attempting to pass, which you must notify the vehicle(s)
being passed you are doing so and on what side, when you wish to do
so
● Foot Pursuit Procedure
The cadet will learn how to properly and safely pursue a suspect on foot
● When initiating a foot pursuit always remember to immediately call
out your location and direction of travel and keep it updated when it
changes
● Follow behind the suspect rather close but leave space until other units
arrive as they may attempt suicide by cop
● When pursuing continuously give the suspect loud, clear, commands
to stop, and identify yourself as the police
● When rounding corners in foot pursuits either go out wide or stop and
check the corner with your weapon out first before continuing as they
may be lying in wait
● Eventually threaten the suspect with a taser or K-9 if available, if a
K-9 is in pursuit they should always be lead
● Tase, tackle, or release the dog on the suspect to end the pursuit after a
while if they still refuse to surrender
● Continue with standard arrest procedure after this
● PIT Maneuver
The cadet will learn how and when to utilize a PIT maneuver
● Whilst in a vehicular pursuit, a Pursuit Intervention Technique, or
PIT, may be requested to attempt to end the chase. A PIT
authorization is only allowed through the highest ranking
officer/trooper in the pursuit, known as a pursuit supervisor, or Metro.
A PIT would be carried out at any speed under 90 mph. A PIT
maneuver is performed by speeding up on the right side of the target
vehicle, and briskly pushing into the right rear fender. All vehicles
have different sweet spots. One of the most common is near the start
of the rear tire. When making contact with the vehicle, keep the turn
arc going until you have made sure you won’t make contact with the
vehicle again. Then proceed past the vehicle a little to allow other
officers to box it in and not get in their way, then proceed to assist the
other officers.
● Firing From Vehicles
The cadet will learn how and when to fire from their vehicle
● When a person(s) poses a threat of life to yourself or others,
permission to fire from your cruiser shall be granted. However,
always remember the rules of firearm safety before discharging your
service firearm. *Note that a round fired through your windshield may
change direction do to the extra force/contact.*
