DEPARTMENT OF SOCIAL WORK
SESSION 2014-2015
FIELD WORK REPORT
IMPACT OF FLOOD ON THE EDUCATION SYSTEM OF SUMMERBUGH-LASJAN
SUBMITTED BY:
AHSAN-UL-HAQ
ENUS SHAFI KHAN
SUMIYA
TOOBA FAROOQ
MASRAT FIRDOUS
YASMEEN
SIDIQA
SUBMITTED TO: Dr. ADIL BASHIR
FIELD SUPERVISOR & FIELD CO-ORDINATOR:Dr. ADIL BASHIR
SECOND SEMESTER II
CONTENTS
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
S.NO CONTENTS Page.No
01 Introduction to the community (community profile) 5
02 Global and National perspective of disasters 7-17
03 Disasters in Jammu &Kashmir 19
04 Floods of September 6, 2014 in Jammu & Kashmir 21-23
05 Research methodology 25-29
06 Research findings & data interpretation 31-35
07 Impact of flood on education system 37-40
08 Conclusion & recommendation 42-44
Field work experience
Bibliography
Annexure
Acknowledgement
With deep sense of gratitude, we would like to mark our thanks
to our respected field work supervisor Dr.Aadil Bashir for his
continuous effort, constructive criticism, positive attitude and
untiring willingness which helped us to complete our field
work with more expertise and understanding. We would like to
thank him whole-heartedly for all the efforts and assistance
We would like to thank our faculty members
Dr.ShaziaManzoor, Ms. SaimaFarhad for all their positive
concern and constructive criticism that helped us to carry on
our field work
We would like to mark our thanks to the head of department
Dr.Pirzada M. Amin for arranging this field work and
providing us the vehicle facility while giving us the
opportunity to work with the flood affected people
Introduction to the community (community
profile)
Introduction to the community (community profile)
Name of the area: Summerbugh, Lasjan, Budgam
Location of the area: The community is almost 15kms away from the LaL chowk and is a semi-
urban community.
Total population: 1100
Males: 522
Females: 538
Children: 81
Males: 46
Females: 35
Number of households: 200
Type of housing: Most of the houses were pakkabuilded, only few were kaccha and semi-pakka
having all the necessary facilities with in-built toilets.
Religion followed: The whole community follows Islam as religion and all of them are Muslims.
Languages spoken: Kashmiri, Urdu and English
List of institutions: The community (Summerbugh) have one public health centre where first aid
services are provided, and also all the necessary immunisations are provided to the children
free of cost. The PHC also provides regular check-ups and a doctor visits once or twice a week.
The PHC have two female multi-purpose health worker (FMPHW) Ms. JahanAra and Ms. Krishna
Devi and one pharmacist Mr.Mushtaq Ahmad.
The community have two government schools and two private schools which are in and around
the community. The schools were performing better prior to the floods.
The community have an ICDS centre as well, which was completely destroyed in the recent
floods.
The community have two local Mosques and have a ration store of their own.
Number of hospitals: There are no hospitals in or around the community, the people mostly go
to the other state hospitals.
Number of ASHA: The community have one accredited social health activist who perform all
the task and keeps a complete record of the community.
Availability of transport: the community have a very poor transportation service. The people of
the community have to walk a distance of almost 2kms, to reach to the bus stop. Alternatively
the people have to cross the river through boat in order to reach to the bus stop.
Communication: The people of the community are facing extremely problems since from the
floods. The people of the community don’t have the access to the newspapers, they don’t have
any recharge outlets in the community and there are no net cafes in the community. There is
no local market in or the community, there are only four shops in the community who sell the
day to day commodities.
Global and national perspective of disasters
Global and National perspective of disasters
Concept of disaster
Disaster is defined as ‘catastrophic situation in which the normal pattern of life or ecosystem
has been disrupted and extra ordinary emergency interventions are required to save and
preserve lives and or the environment’ (Ministry of Home Affairs 2011).The impact of disasters
is found everywhere and its frequency has been increasing over the year resulting in loss of life,
damage to property and destruction of the environment. The disaster occur either by
climatologically events such as cyclone, flood and drought or by geological phenomena such as
earthquakes, volcanoes and landslides. About 90% of the global population exposed to floods
lives in south Asian, East Asian and Pacific countries (US ISDR 2011).
Disaster is an undesirable occurrence resulting from forces that are largely outside human
control. It strikes quickly with little or no warning, which causes or threatens serious disruptions
of life and property including death and injury to a large number of people, and requires
therefore, mobilization of efforts in excess of that which are normally provided by statutory
emergency Services.
Disasters are not totally discrete events. Their possibility of occurrence, time, place and severity
of the strike can be reasonably and in some cases accurately predicted by technological
and scientific advances. It has been established there is a definite pattern in their occurrences
and hence we can to some extent reduce the impact of damage though we cannot reduce the
extent of damage itself.
The impact of disasters is profound on everyone, but is felt most deeply by poor people who
are often least able to prepare and least able to recover. In some countries, early warning
systems help some sectors of the population but everyone should have the opportunity to
reduce the risk of disasters and to mitigate the effects.
The 2005 Hyogo Framework for Action seeks to ensure that disaster risk reduction is a national
and a local priority through using both national platforms and community participation. It refers
to the inclusion of disaster risk reduction in education as a top priority are highly disaster prone
countries.
Typology
Disasters are of three types.
1. Natural Disasters
2. Anthropogenic Disasters
3. Hybrid Disaster
Natural Disasters:
Natural disasters are frequently the result of natural phenomenon. The definition of natural
disasters is any catastrophic event that is caused by nature or the natural processes of the
earth. The severity of a disaster is measured in lives lost, economic loss, and the ability of the
population to rebuild. Events that occur in unpopulated areas are not considered disasters. So a
flood on an uninhabited island would not count as a disaster, but a flood in a populated area is
called a natural disaster.
All natural disasters cause loss in some way. Depending on the severity, lives can be lost in any
number of disasters. Falling buildings or trees, freezing to death, being washed away, or heat
stroke are just some of the deadly effects. Some disasters cause more loss of life than others,
and population density affects the death count as well.
Then there is loss of property, which affects people’s living quarters, transportation, livelihood,
and means to live. Fields saturated in salt water after tsunamis take years to grow crops again.
Homes destroyed by floods, hurricanes, cyclones, landslides and avalanches, a volcanic
eruption, or an earthquake are often beyond repair or take a lot of time to become livable
again. Personal effects, memorabilia, vehicles, and documents also take a hit after many natural
disasters.
The natural disasters that really affect people worldwide tend to become more intense as the
years go on. Frequency of earthquakes, mega storms, and heat waves has gone up considerably
in the last few decades. Heavy population in areas that get hit by floods, cyclones, and
hurricanes has meant that more lives are lost. In some areas, the population has gotten
somewhat prepared for the eventuality of disasters and shelters are built for hurricanes and
tornadoes. However, loss of property is still a problem, and predicting many natural disasters
isn’t easy.
Anthropogenic Disasters:-
The second type is of anthropogenic origin, and exemplifies some of the terrible accidents that
have resulted from man’s interaction with the artificial environment he has himself created.
The Titanic sank because one person after another failed to heed the danger presented by a
pack of deadly icebergs in the North Atlantic. The reluctance to believe that such a tragedy was
possible meant that were not enough life boats available and most those that were provided
were lowered with only a few people in each.
The Turkish airlines DC-10 crashed outside Paris because a series of ineptitudes resulted in the
failure of an airport attendant to close the baggage door properly.
Most alarming of all in this catalogue of disasters are the airborne hazards from Nuclear
accidents such as Chernobyl, Three mile Island in the united states, and wind scale in united
kingdom; in descending order and the most horrific the union carbide plant disaster at Bhopal
in India.All caused by a reluctance to believe in, or plan for potential tragedy.
Hybrid Disaster:-
A hybrid disaster occurs when a natural or man-made hazard causes increased damages as a
by-product of anthropogenic actions. Examples of these are the spread of disease from
acommunity in which the disease is endemic to community which has no natural immunity,
wholesale destruction of rainforests and the consequent reduction of evapotranspiration which
intensifies annual flood occurrences in many countries, large scale deaths due to smog or
pollution in many major conurbations throughout the world, and the pollution of oceans due to
accidental or deliberate dumping of oil or chemical products into the Marine environment.
Environmental degradation is held responsible for exacerbating the impact of droughts, floods,
hurricanes, landslides and wildfires.
