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Tire Material Composition Guide

The document provides details on the typical materials used to manufacture tires, including: 1) Synthetic and natural rubber, carbon black, steel, and fabric make up the majority of a tire's composition by weight. 2) Passenger tires contain 14-27% natural/synthetic rubber, 28% carbon black, and 14-15% steel. 3) Rubber is used in different components like the tread (32.6%), sidewall (21.9%), and innerliner (12.4%).

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Sanjay Kumar
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375 views3 pages

Tire Material Composition Guide

The document provides details on the typical materials used to manufacture tires, including: 1) Synthetic and natural rubber, carbon black, steel, and fabric make up the majority of a tire's composition by weight. 2) Passenger tires contain 14-27% natural/synthetic rubber, 28% carbon black, and 14-15% steel. 3) Rubber is used in different components like the tread (32.6%), sidewall (21.9%), and innerliner (12.4%).

Uploaded by

Sanjay Kumar
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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1.

Typical Materials Composition of a Tire

 
This table lists the typical types of materials
used to manufacture tires.
Typical Composition of a Tire

Synthetic Rubber 
Natural Rubber  
Sulfur and sulfur compounds  
Silica 
Phenolic resin  
Oil: aromatic, naphthenic, paraffinic  
Fabric: Polyester, Nylon, Etc.  
Petroleum waxes  
Pigments: zinc oxide, titanium dioxide, etc.  
Carbon black  
Fatty acids  
Inert materials  
Steel Wire 

2. Typical tire compositions  by Weight1)

This lists the major classes of materials used to manufacture tires by the
percentage of the total weight of the finished tire that each material class
represents.

Passenger Tire

 
Natural rubber 14 %
Synthetic rubber 27%
Carbon black 28%
Steel 14 - 15%
Fabric, fillers,
accelerators,antiozonants 16 - 17%
, etc.
New 25 lbs, Scrap 20
Average weight:
lbs.
Truck Tire
 
Natural rubber 27 %
Synthetic rubber 14%
Carbon black 28%
Steel 14 - 15%
Fabric, fillers,
accelerators,antiozonants 16 - 17%
, etc.
New 120 lbs., Scrap
Average weight:
100 lbs.

3. Rubber weight by tire component1)

A tire is manufactured from several separate components, such as tread, innerliner,


beads, belts, etc. This table shows which components account for the rubber used to
make the tire.

 
RUBBER PERCENT BY WEIGHT IN A NEW RADIAL PASSENGER TIRE
 
TREAD 32.6%
BASE 1.7%
SIDEWALL 21.9%
BEAD APEX 5.0%
BEAD INSULATION 1.2%
FABRIC INSULATION 11.8%
INSULATION OF STEEL CORD 9.5%
INNERLINER 12.4%
UNDERCUSHION       3.9%
  100.0%
4. Examples of Rubber Compounds for Tire2),3)

These examples are chosen to show a diversity of the tire compounds which
make it difficult to reuse these into new tire materials.  Each manufactures
have developed their own compounds for paticular usage.

 
Tread (PHR) Base (PHR) Sidewall (PHR) Innerliner (PHR)
Natural Rubber 50.0  100.0 75.0
Styrene-Butadiene Rubber 50.0 25.0
Isobutylene-Isoprene Rubber 100.0
Carbon Black (Grade N110) 50.0 15.0 20.0
Carbon Black (Grade N330) 25.0 35.0
Carbon Black (Grade N765) 50.0
Processing Oil 7.5 5.0 5.0 3.0
Antioxidant  1.0 0.75 1.0 1.0
Antioxidant Wax 2.0
Stearic Acid 2.0 4.0 3.0 1.5
Zinc Oxidant 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0
Accelerator (High) 1.0 0.7
Accelerator (Middle) 1.25 0.4
Accelerator (Low) 0.4
Sulfur 2.5 3.0 2.8 2.0
 *PHR = Per Hundred Rubber 
 *Carbon grade = ASTM grading : Particle size and structure of carbon are different.

5. Steel Tire Cord Analysis1)

ASTM 1070 Steel Tire Wire

There are approximately 2.5 pounds of steel belts and bead wire in a
passenger car tire. This material is made from high carbon steel with a
nominal tensile strength of 2,750 MN/m2 and the following typical
composition:

 
STEEL BELTS BEAD WIRE
Carbon 0.67 - 0.73% 0.60% min.
Manganese 0.40 - 0.70% 0.40 - 0.70%
Silicon 0.15 - 0.03% 0.15 - 0.30%
Phosphoru
0.03% max. 0.04% max.
s
Sulfur 0.03% max. 0.04% max.
Copper Trace Trace
Chromium Trace Trace
Nickel Trace Trace
66% Copper  98% Brass 
COATING
34% Zinc 2% Tin

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