Greenhouse Effect
Done by: Abir Shamshad, Saba Anwar, Lise Dewan,
Nabeela Allidina, & Nargues Hatami.
What is Greenhouse
Effect?
The word greenhouse effect holds two meanings
One is the natural greenhouse effect that one that keeps
our Earths climate normal and comfortable
On the other hand there is a man made greenhouse
effect which is an enhancement of natural greenhouse
made from burning fossil fuels ,petroleum, coal, and
natural gas.
Natural Greenhouse
Effect
Natural greenhouse effect is made from
the heat energy radiated from the sun
Greenhouse gases are naturally from the
presence in the atmosphere.
Sunlight goes thorough the atmosphere
warming earth in a cycle
The cycle continues through the
atmosphere as the gases absorb energy
at the same time while the leftovers go to
space.
Some sun energy trapped in earth makes
is much warmer and comfortable
Man-made Effects
Activities
man by humans result in production of greenhouse gases
While the amounts of gases increase in the atmosphere the stability
of the
greenhouse gases change causing effects on the whole world
Greenhouse effects caused by burning , fossil fuels coal, oil, natural
gases,
cutting and burning trees producing carbon dioxide
Greenhouse gases trap heat making earth harmer and creating
global
warming
What Causes Green
House Effects?
One of the main causes of Global Warming is the Green
house effect. When the production of infrared energy in
the atmosphere warms a planet's surface, it is known as
the Green House Effect. The Greenhouse effect is a
natural cause that is happening on our planet. The natural
causes of the Green house effect are the releasing of
gases like nitrous oxide, carbon-dioxide, methane, ozone
and water vapour. Carbon-dioxide itself is guilty for the
Green house effect.
One of the man-made causes of the Green House effect
is erosion. Deforestation increases the amount of
carbon-dioxide in the atmosphere. Also, due to the loss of
trees, photosynthesis cannot take place. Deforestation
causes of the greenhouse effect.
...
Greenhouse Gases also can be released into the
atmosphere due to the burning of fossil fuels, oil, coal and
gas. These materials are used more and more and
violently in Industries. Therefore Industries are also a
Other man-made
major cause of the Greenhouse Effect.
causes of the increase in the Green house effect due to
the emission of such gases are any all electrical
appliances. Even the poor refrigerator in the house emits
gases which contribute to the Greenhouse effect. These
gases are known as Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) and are
used in refrigerators, aerosol cans, and some foaming
agents in the packaging industry, fire extinguisher
chemicals and cleaners used in the electronic industry.
Other man-made processes that contribute and are a
cause to the Greenhouse effect are burning of gasoline, oil
and coal. Population growth also is a indirect contributor
and one of the causes of the Greenhouse effect. With the
increase in population, the needs and wants of the people.
How does the GHE
work?
The greenhouse effect works like an actual greenhouse,
a place to keep growing plants nice and warm. This is
the same process that keeps the Earth and the life
on Earth nice and warm. Visible light enters the top of
the Earths atmosphere,
some of it is scattered by air molecules and most of it is
reflected back into space. When the sun’s rays hit the
Earth, 70 % of the energy
stays on the planet, absorbed by land, oceans, plants and
other things and the other 30% reflects back into outer
space by clouds. But the 70% doesn’t stay on the Earth
forever, the things around the planet that absorb the sun's
heat eventually radiate a portion of that heat back out at a
different wavelength.
...
This process keeps the Earth in radiative
equilibrium; the suns rays continuously hitting the
Earth warming it, and then the warm Earth sends
back the radiation back into space cooling itself.
Some of that released radiation makes it into space,
and the
rest of it ends up getting reflected back down to
Earth when it hits certain things in the atmosphere,
such as carbon dioxide, methane gas and water
vapor -- the car windows. The heat that doesn't
make it out through Earth's atmosphere keeps the
planet warmer than it is in outer space, because
more energy is coming in through the atmosphere
than is going out. This is the greenhouse effect that
keeps the Earth warm.
6% scattered from atmosphere
20% scattered and reflected by c
louds
19% absorbed by atmosphere and clouds
4% reflected by surface
51% absorbed by carth
The COMET Program
Reflected radiation by atmosphere
Infrared r adiation reemitted back to carth
Roflected radiation
by earth surface Absorbed radiation
Infrared radiation emitted by carth
The COMET Program
Greenhouse Gases
Greenhouse gas is any gas that
accumulates lower-energy infrared
radiation. These gases consist of:
• water vapour
• carbon dioxide
• methane
• troposphere ozone
• nitrous oxide
Water Vapour
Produced by the Sun’s
heat emissions Makes up a maximum of
Causes about two-thirds
4% of the air
of the greenhouse effect Higher
temperature = more water vapour
(feedback loop)
Carbon Dioxide
Both man-made and naturally produced
Accounts for 385
ppm of the atmosphere Responsible for
about a 25% of the natural greenhouse
Carbon sinks help
effect on Earth
remove CO2 emissions from the air
Methane
Produced both by human
sources and naturally Less quantities of
methane
in the atmosphere than carbon dioxide
Methane molecules are
more capable of absorbing thermal energy
than CO2 molecules
Ozone
Exists naturally Creates the layer
protecting
the Earth from the Sun’s high- energy UV
Acts as a greenhouse gas
radiation rays
in
the troposphere
Nitrous Oxide
Producednaturally
and by human sources Lower density in
atmosphere than carbon dioxide
Molecules 300 times more effective as a
greenhouse gas than a CO2 molecule
Effects On Sea Levels
Rising temperatures cause water of the oceans along
with the sea
to increase
Increasing temperatures melt ice as it starts to flow into
the seas of
Antarctic and Greenland.
sea levels rise by 20-40 cm causing floods in areas with
low coast
areas e.g. Bangladesh and Netherland
Flood in many areas case a danger for living things
Effects on Farming
changes in the weather affect the growing crops around the world
Crops of wheat and rice grow well in high temperatures
sugarcane and maize don’t survive in high temperature and end up dying
Furthermore change in the amount of rainfall affect the growth leading to
shortage of food
South-Eastern part of the world will be affected as people will suffer
without food
Effects on Water
Countries all over the world
will be affected
Britain and Southeast will
have a risk of droughts
Africa won’t have enough
water.
Effects on Weather
Increasingin Greenhouse gases will
change weather around the world
North-western countries have an increase
of temperature
Summers and winters much hotter
Some places will become hotter and
wetter while some will be dry and cooler
The world will change with droughts,
storms, floods,
Effects on People and
Animals
Changes make it hard for humans to adjust and adapt to
climate
Avoiding all the disasters moving from one place to another will
be hard
while weather and temperature changes, the homes of plants
and animals
will be affected
Moving ocean animals like seals will be hard
New homes for animals may not be safe causing loss in animal
population
How to prevent man-made
greenhouse effects.
Wasteful buying - If you don't need or truly want something,
don't buy it. It's
going to end up in the garbage. Turn off the lights when you
leave the room. - Don't leave your television on while you go to
sleep. Only
turn on water when you need it. For example, turn it off while you
are putting toothpaste on the toothbrush. Turn it back on when
Reduce, reuse and recycle. - Reduce the things
you need it.
that you need. Reuse items that you
have until they are no longer any good. Recycle all that is
possible. In certain areas, not recycling is starting to become
illegal.
...
Choose natural gas over coal and oil every
chance you get. - For example ; when barbecuing. Get a
hybrid or an electric car when shopping for
that new car. - If this isn't possible, choose a small car that
gets
good gas mileage. Form an environmental club in your
high school ,
college or community. Walk to places or get there by
bike. - It will improve your health and the health of your
planet. Get involved in tree planting projects.
Work Citations
Layton,
Julia, and Ed Grabianowski. "HowStuffWorks "Trapping Heat"" Howstuffworks
"Science"10 Jan. 2011 <http://science.howstuffworks.com/environmental/green-
science/question7461.htm>. “What Is the Greenhouse Effect?" Weather Questions
and Answers. Web. 8 Jan.
2011. <http://www.weatherquestions.com/What_is_the_greenhouse_effect.htm>.
D'Silva, Roy. "Causes of the Greenhouse Effect." Buzzle Web Portal: Intelligent Life on
the Web. Web. 7 Jan. 2011. <http://www.buzzle.com/articles/causes-greenhouse-
effect.html>. "The Greenhouse Effect's Impact." How to Prevent Global Warming: An
Easy Way to Reduce Your Impact. Web. 8 Jan. 2011.
<http://www.acoolerclimate.com/the- greenhouse-effects-impact/>. "The Greenhouse
Effect." Test Page for Apache Installation. Web. 8 Jan. 2011.
<http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/thermo/grnhse.html>. Sharon. "10 Ways
to Reduce Greenhouse Gases." Web log post. Town of East
Gwillimbury. Web.
<http://www.eastgwillimbury.ca/Environment/10_Ways_to_Reduce_Greenhouse_Ga
ses.htm>. Web.
<http://wiki.answers.com/Q/How_are_we_to_prevent_the_greenhouse_effect>. Web.
<http://www.sustainer.org/dhm_archive/index.php?display_article=vn300gh3-
actioned>.
