Africa at a glance

Population (2012): 1,038 million

Annual real GDP growth

4.97%
(2005-2012 average):

Official development
$48 billion
assistance (2010):

Net foreign direct investment

$43 billion
(2011):

Sources: African Development Bank/OECD, African Economic Outlook; OECD; UNCTAD, IMF World Economic Outlook.
 Africa accounts for…

20% of the world’s land area

15% of the world’s population

(mid 2012)

Yet only 2.4% of the world’s GDP

Source: Economy Watch and IMF.

 Investment flows to Africa receded during the financial crisis
Net foreign direct investment inflows

US$ billions
60

50

40

30

20

10

0
1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010
Source: UNCTAD.
 Africans are connecting world wide
Top ten Internet usage countries

Percent of total population

Libya 17
South Africa 17
Senegal 18
Swaziland 18
Kenya 26
Nigeria 28
Cape Verde 32
Egypt, Arab Rep. 36
Tunisia 39
Morocco 51
0 10 20 30 40 50 60
Source: Internet World Stats.
 Africa’s Internet usage remains relatively small, but is growing
quickly

Penetration % of Population % Growth in

Using the Internet Users 2000-2012
Africa 16 3,607
Middle East 40 2,640
Latin America/Caribbean 43 1,311
Asia 28 842
Europe 63 393
Oceania/Australia 68 219
North America 79 153

Source: Internet World Stats.

 African securities exchanges
Market capitalization

US$ billions
160
Billions

140 South Africa SE market cap: $976 billion

120
100
80
60
40
20
0

Source: African Securities Exchanges Association . *Data from 2011 **Data from 2008
 Africa’s oil reserves
132 billion barrels

Billion barrels
160
140
120
100
80
60
40
20
0
Iran Iraq Africa Libya Nigeria Angola Algeria Sudan Egypt
Source: CIA World Factbook 2013.
 Africa’s labor force in comparison

Million
900
Millions

800
700
600
500
400
300
200
100
0
China Africa European Union United States
Source: World Bank.
 Sub-Saharan Africa maintains strong growth amid difficult global
economic conditions
5+% GDP growth predicted for 2013

Percent
8

6 SSA

2 World

0
2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012
-2

-4 Euro Area

-6

Source: IMF.
 Africa’s share of the world’s population is rising

Percent
25
2050
20

2010
15
1980
10

0
Africa India China Latin America Europe North America
Source: United Nations.
 Urbanization is bringing people closer to economic opportunity
Population of Africa’s ten biggest cities (2013 forecast)

Millions
14

12

10

0 Lagos Cairo Kinshasa Khartoum Luanda Abidjan Alexandria Nairobi Johannesburg Cape Town

Source: United Nations.

 Urbanization is bringing people closer to economic opportunity
Share of rural vs. urban population by region, 2010

Percent Urban Rural

100
21 18
27
80
60 55
70
60

40 79 82
73

20 40 45
30
0
India Africa China Europe Latin North
America America
Source: United Nations.
 Across Africa, un-ease of doing business is an impediment
Top-10 and bottom-10 countries

Easiest Rank Most difficult Rank

Singapore 1 Niger 176
Hong Kong 2 Cote d’Ivoire 177
New Zealand 3 Guinea 178
United States 4 Guinea-Bissau 179
Denmark 5 Venezuela 180
Norway 6 Congo, Dem. Rep. 181
United Kingdom 7 Eritrea 182
Korea, Rep. 8 Congo, Rep. 183
Georgia 9 Chad 184
Australia 10 Central African Republic 185
Sources: World Bank Doing Business 2013.
 Arable land vs. population
2012

Million hectares Million people

250 1,400
Arable land
(left) 1,200
200
1,000
150 800
Population
(right axis) 600
100
400
50
200

0 0
Africa United States China
Sources: World Bank and CIA World Factbook.
 Sub-Saharan Africa is embracing mobile technology, but lagging
behind other regions
Number of cellular subscriptions per 100 people

Per 100 people

120

100 Latin America

80
South Asia
60
MENA
40
SSA
20

0
1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007 2009 2011
Sources: World Bank.
 School enrollment increases in SSA, but the region faces
challenges in meeting demand for secondary education
School enrollment, secondary (% gross)

Percent
100
90 Latin America

80 MENA
70
60 South Asia
50
40
30 SSA

20
1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007 2009 2011
Sources: World Bank.
 Infant mortality is declining in Sub-Saharan Africa, but more than
10% of infants do not survive past year five
Mortality rate, under 5 (per 1,000 live births)

180
160
140
120
100
80
60
40
20
0
1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007 2009 2011
Sources: World Bank.
 Success story: Botswana vs. other African nations
GDP, per capita

US$
9,000
8,000
7,000 Botswana
6,000
5,000
4,000
3,000
2,000 Ghana
1,000 Rwanda
0
1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007 2009 2011
Sources: IMF.
 Botswana vs. other African nations
FDI inflows, per capita

US$
600

500 Botswana

400

300

200
Ghana
100
Rwanda
0
2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
Sources: UNCTAD.
 Sub-Saharan economic growth in comparison
Percent GDP growth, select SSA countries

Percent
16
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
Ghana Rwanda Mozambique Botswana Cameroon Angola South Africa Chad
Sources: IMF.
 More than one-third of total official development assistance (ODA)
goes to Africa

US$ billion
150

130

110 World ODA

90

70
ODA to Africa
50

30

10
1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007 2009 2011
Sources: OECD/DAC.
 Sub-Saharan Africa is still severely under-banked
Bank accounts per 1,000 people, 2011

1,000
900
800
700
600
500
400
300
200
100
0
Euro Area High Latin Developing Middle Developing Sub-
income America MENA income Asia Saharan
Africa
Source: World Bank Global Financial Development database.
 Fertility rates are dropping in Sub-Saharan Africa, but still high

Fertility rate, total (births per woman)

8
7
6
5
4
2011
3 1980

2
1
0
Euro area North America East Asia & World MENA Sub-Saharan
Pacific Africa
Source: World Bank.
 BRIC investment in Africa
Estimated FDI flows to Africa, by region and economy, 2010

US$ billions
30
Thousands

25

20

15

10

0
Developed European Developing BRIC Asia North America
Countries Union Countries
Source: UNCTAD 2013 investment report.
 Top 10 most improved countries 2007-2011
Milken Institute Global Opportunity Index

Country Percent Increase

Mozambique 21
Botswana 16
Ukraine 15
Sri Lanka 15
Dominican Republic 11
Turkey 7
Uganda 7
Colombia 6
Guatemala 5
China 5
Source: Milken Institute.
 Underwhelming investment in Sub-Saharan Africa
Inward FDI flows, by region

US$ billions
600
Thousands

Euro Area
500
Developing
400 Asia

300
North America
200

100 Latin America

SSA
0
1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010
Source: UNCTAD.
 Sub-Saharan Africa burdened by difficulty in doing business
Ease of Doing Business Index, 2012

Ease of doing business index (1=most business-friendly regulations)

160
140
120
100
80
60
40
20
0
Euro area East Asia MENA Latin America Sub-Saharan
Africa
Source: World Bank.
 Distribution of emerging market private equity investment by
region
2012

US$ billions
16
Thousands

14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
Emerging Asia Central and Latin America MENA Sub-Saharan
Eastern Europe Africa
Source: Emerging Markets Private Equity Association.
 Social Impact Investments and FDI flows by location
Percent total, 2010

Other Countries
South and Southeastern Asia
Africa
Other Asia
Social Impact Investments
Transistion economies
Americas
FDI flows
Eastern Asia
Developed economies

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60%

Source: Center for Global Development Social Impact report and UNCTAD.