Assignment –Part 1(Final
6/1/2020
Year Project)
Supervisor:
Dr. Adeel Anwar
Submitted By:
Umair -ul-Hassan (2016-CH-208)
Muhammad Basit Ali (2016-CH-224)
Muhammad Usman (2016-CH-226)
Submitted to:
Dr Izzat Cheema
Project Title:
Production of Syngas From 1000 Kg/hr of Rice Husk Using Fluidized
Bed Gasifier.
Objective :
Environmental friendly
Less CO2 emission
Oil & Gas reserves are decreasing
Sustainable
Motivation of The Project:
Energy Crises in Pakistan
Availability of the raw material
Establish new and secure energy source
Reduce greenhouse effect
o Pakistan is facing a huge energy crisis these days. Most of our energy
is produced from fossil fuels which are depleting day by day.
o Biomass is the future of Pakistan as well as the whole world. So we
have decided to use Rice husk to produce Syngas, an alternative to
Natural gas.
o It is estimated that if 70% of rice husk is utilized in Pakistan annual
electricity production will be 1,328 GWh.
o Cost of per unit electricity by rice husk is found to be 47.36 cents/KWh
while for coal is 55.22 cents/KWh.
PFD (Process Flow Diagram)
Block Diagram:
PSD (Process Structure Diagram)
Input and Output variables:
Assumptions
Steady state process
Basis : 1 hr
Material In: Material Out:
Streams Units Streams Units
F1 Kg/h
(Biomass) F2 (Water) Kg/h
F4 Kg/h
(Air) F6 (Ash) Kg/h
F5 Kg/h
(Steam) F8 (Solids) Kg/h
F13 Kg/h F10 (Solids) Kg/h
(Selexol)
F12 (Syngas) Kg/h
F14 (Selexol) Kg/h
Computation Strategy:
For our project we used Gasification to convert biomass(rick husk) into syngas by
using fluidized bed gasifier because of the following advantages;
o Syngas is cleaned before combustion which reduces air pollutants to
the atmosphere
o Gasification enables the use of low-value feedstock to produce energy.
o Gasification plants use less water than coal combustion plants.
o CO2 can be cost-effectively captured from the gasification process.
o Syngas can be used to produce electricity.
o Gasification systems are also increasingly being used to turn feed
stocks like coal into useful chemical products like ammonia.
o Limits the formation of dioxins & large quantities of SOx & NOx.
o Gasification can compete effectively in high-cost energy environments.
o Gasification converts abundant low-value feed stocks into high-value
products.
Distinct Attributes of Gasification:
o A clean, flexible, and reliable way of turning fossil fuels into clean
energy.
o Ability to convert low-value feedstock (coal) into high-value
products.
o Provides a cost effective way to capture CO2.
o Gasification enables use of domestic natural resources that would
otherwise not be economically viable. •
o Provides economic benefits with respect to investment and job
creation. •
o Gasification is enabling redefinition of "clean energy."
Environmental Benefits of Gasification:
The environmental benefits of gasification are as follows:
1. Reduced air emissions:
Significant air emission reductions achieved through gasification with CO2 capture,
at reduced cost compared to other post-combustion capture alternatives
2. Water usage:
Swan Hills Synfuels ISCG uses virtually no fresh water in the gasification
process but instead uses non-fresh water such as saline water.
3. Ability to sequester carbon dioxide (CO2):
In a gasification system, CO2 can be cost-effectively captured and sequestered
using commercially available technologies before it would otherwise be vented
to the atmosphere.
4. Ability to Use Coal Gasification for Clean Power Generation:
Low- carbon content ISCG syngas can fuel combined cycle power generation,
leading to air emissions levels much lower than those of conventional coal-fired
power or even natural gas-fired combined cycle generation.
Process Selection:
Gasification process is the most favorable because;
High conversion of biomass
Its utilization for useful products
80% of biomass is converted to the desired products or energy
Less flue gases
Selection of Fluidized Bed Gasifier:
Fluidized bed is the most promising technology in biomass gasification
because of its potential to gasify a wide range of fuels (or mixture of fuels)
High mixing capacity
High mass and heat transfer rate
Use moderate amount of steam and oxygen
Operate at near atmospheric pressure
Well suited for capacities ranging from 1MJ to 100MJ.
That’s why we have selected fluidized bed gasifier for our process.
Capacity Selection:
We have selected the capacity of 1000Kg/h of rice husk.
About 200Kg of rice husk can be obtained from 1 metric ton of rice paddy.
The expected power generation from this project is 5MW.
Raw Material Availability:
According to “grain and feed annual report 2017” given to the USDA
foreign agriculture service, production of rice in Pakistan is 6.8 million
metric ton
Rice husk has high calorific value and produce more clean gas than coal
gasification
Biomass Ash Calorific
Content Values
(KJ/Kg)
Rice husk 20.65 3950
Bagasse 1.80 4380
Sugar Cane 5.00 3996
Leaves
Softwares:
1.ASPEN HYSYS.
2.CAMECAD
Why we used these softwares?
• Solution for improved feedstock selection and planning
• Enables users to integrate crude assay libraries
• Conversion reactor models, and links to LP planning tools for better crude
selection
• Planning, and scheduling of operations Aspen HYSYS' integrated
CHEMCAD is designed to help you drive productivity, accomplish
day-to-day tasks, and tackle the toughest chemical process models.
CHEMCAD is flexible enough to handle virtually any challenge that
comes your way.
