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Road Construction Stages

Road construction is a lengthy multi-stage process requiring careful planning and machinery. It begins with clearing vegetation and excavating the area. Dirt and soil are then mounted and the surface is leveled. Culverts and drains are installed to prevent flooding before fine grading prepares the level surface. Next, an aggregate base of crushed stone is evenly laid and graded. Finally, asphalt is poured in layers on top and signs are placed, completing the road.

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1K views2 pages

Road Construction Stages

Road construction is a lengthy multi-stage process requiring careful planning and machinery. It begins with clearing vegetation and excavating the area. Dirt and soil are then mounted and the surface is leveled. Culverts and drains are installed to prevent flooding before fine grading prepares the level surface. Next, an aggregate base of crushed stone is evenly laid and graded. Finally, asphalt is poured in layers on top and signs are placed, completing the road.

Uploaded by

ZohaibShoukatBaloch
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Road construction is a lengthy process that can take more than 10 years,

depending on the size of the future pathway. It involves several construction


crews and plant machinery and requires careful planning and various
evaluations, including environmental and structural assessments. Once
construction has begun, there are several stages before the road can be used
by vehicles.

Clearing and Excavation


The area on which the road is going to be built on must be cleared of all
vegetation, which requires the removal of trees, shrubs and bushes.
Excavation vehicles will also dig up and remove rocks and stones from the
future road's pathway. To prevent the cleared land from erosion, control
devices, including fences, ditches and basins are installed.

Mounting
The road takes shape as diggers, excavation plant machinery and bulldozers
mount dirt and soil over the area where the future pathway will run. The
surface is then leveled and smoothed by graders. Culverts and drains,
consisting of large concrete pipes, are laid to prevent the road from flooding
by leading away groundwater, sewage or stormwater.

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Fine Grading
Fine grading requires construction workers to prepare the surface by leveling
it according to plans provided by structural engineers. Fine grading requires
manual labour and digging as well as grading plant machinery, also called
graders. To make the grading last, it is stabilized with limestone or concrete.

Aggregate Base
After another grading of the surface, the aggregate base course is laid.
Aggregate base is made of crushed stone or gravel, and it is placed evenly on
the road surface. If the road is in a town or city, a curb for the pavement and
the gutter will be constructed straight after the gravel is placed on the surface.
The road is then fine graded again.

Asphalt Paving
Once the gravel has been distributed evenly, the asphalt can be poured.
Asphalt is a mixture of a petroleum byproduct, an aggregate base material
and a sticky, gluelike substance called bitumen. Depending on the expected
traffic on the road, up to four layers of asphalt can be placed on top of each
other. The asphalt usually is produced and mixed in large plants after the
engineer's specifications. The hot asphalt is filled into trucks that transport the
material to the construction site where it will be poured immediately. Before
the last layer of asphalt is poured, the sidewalks and gutters have to be
finished. The construction work is concluded by placing the appropriate road
signs at the places specified by planners and the application of road markings

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