READING 4
Unit 1: GOING UNDERGROUND
Reading 1: COOBER PEDY - REALLY DOWN UNDER.
- Copper Pedy is a dusty town in South Australia. People move to underground because of the heat and
the flies.
- The miner arrived:
+ The 1st opals discovered by 14-year-old-boy, Willie Hutchgison in 1915.
+The soliders returning from World War II -> came and dug the 1st underground.
+ 1960s-1970s: miners immigrated to Australia and Copper Pedy from around the globe.
- Rough edges:
+ Copper Pedy is a rough and rugged town . Law was liberialed to take the attitude of the people about
playing cards and drinking.
+ Notwithstanding (However), Copper Pedy has a warmth and raw charm. Just outside town are colorful
rocky outcrops
+ Danger: tourist have died after carelessly walking backward while taking photographs.
- Create new construction:
+ The structure is solid, which create some challenges: electric wiring and water system.
+ There were the convenience inside one home: blessedly cool, although outside was very hot.
+ Feel when you stayed: safety and refuse, area rugs and comfortable furniture soften the interior.
Reading 2: UNDERSTANDING PHILLY’S BASEMENT.
- There are complex environment beneath Philadelphia’s city:
+ Water pipes.
+ Sewer full os smell waste.
+ Electric wires.
+ Television cables.
- On the other hand, there are also tunnel, abandoned subway station, graves, mine, and more,…
- But sometimes, the structure was fail -> Unfortunately, 2 truckers were killed after their rigs fell into the
sinkhole.
- So that in 1682, the planned to discover the city was carefully: built and repaired with meeting rooms,
storehouses, treasure vaults. -> New system are hard to plan.
- Mapping the depth:
+ Philadelphia is an old city, but old infrastructure here is harder to locate than the new ones.
+ GPR (Ground Penetrating Radar):
" Is an important new tool.
" Used to find object under water and ground.
" The police easily recaptured twelve escaped prisioners in the city.
+ Robot:
" Patrol large system.
" Responder:
Y Looking for problems in the pipes.
Y Is equipped with laser and sonar sensor
-> Scan the insides of the pipe wall.
- Now:
+ Fixing the bulk of the job, fixing and updating underground utilities.
+ Insituition form company: developed technology that can fix a pipe inside before it breaks, without any
digging.
+ White House: the pipe needed extensive repair because there exist around the time of Civil War and
look ugly.
Unit 2: THE BUSINESS OF BRANDING
Reading 1: THE POWER OF BRANDING.
- Brand can transmit the message for customer.
- With the brand which is famous, your product will be beauty, prosperity or even world peace.
- From the brand to Roll Royce:
+ Use the iron to burn the distinctive mark into the animal’s skin.
+ Roll Royce:
& German company BMW bought and careful to change nothing.
& Go on to built car in Greenwood, England -> because Roll Royce is thought of British.
-> The brand continues to use themes of integrity (toàn vẹn) dependability.
- Roll Royce drivers and NASCAR:
+ Beside the success of Roll Royce company, it gets contradictory results.
+ The NASCAR is in business to organize auto race and sell related products and it appeals nearly 75
million Americans.
+ It allows its name to appear on product and sell advertising space.
- My brand, myself: With a strong brand:
+ Some people adopt it for there own, some want to change it.
+ Harley Davidson motorcycles are manufactured to promote as a symbol of patriotism with black
and orange logo -> has become very personal.
+ Some people have Harley Davidson symbol tattoos on their body -> Fell very special and
connected with their brand.
Reading 2: MY BRAND IS ME.
- The brand “Supreme”:
+ A-Ron dropped out of high school when he was 15 and got a job at store selling items with the
“Supreme”.
+ He did a photographer in the store for advertising.
+ Then, he was visiting Tokyo and getting autograph by kids who has seen his picture in magazines.
+ Then, he was also making a business. A group in Australia paid for him to come to discuss the new
trend.
- His own brand:
+ The brand “aNYthing” is taken shape (hình thành) without base on subculture community.
+ He put the label on T-shirt, hat, other items -> sell, and he would be paid about $2.5 million per 30
seconds on TV when they advertised his brand.
- Nowadays:
+ People are appealed because of the brand, , but some company sell fake -> brand rebellious (nổi
loạn) -> not trust.
+ Alternative business not only non-corperate, but also anti-corperate.
+ Finally, A-Ron has branded himself, but it is not a large range. He think he can open the store in
Japan and can be to the world what he believes he is to Lower Manhattan.
Unit 3: MACHINES THAT RECOGNIZE FACES
Reading 1: LOOKING FOR BAD GUYS AT THE BIG GAME.
- This article is about face-recognition technology used for security at sporting event.
- Because of anticipating (thấy trước) the trouble of the Super Bowl as football players and couches
were not the only people low camera, they supported it before.
- With face-recognition, it was easy to arrest one of the crime because all of the information of
people who join to this atmosphere have saved in the computer system carefully.
- On the other hand, this technology hasn’t been proven to be reliable because of catching the wrong
person.
- Because it needs biometric (sinh trắc học) to recognize and determine who he or she is.
- Beside that, one of camera system in Tampa can be monitored (giám sát) the streets -> find the
crime -> catch.
- But it is sad to be fooled by simple devices: hat, hairstyle, glasses and human do it better than those.
Reading 2: A FACE IN THE AIRPORT CROWD.
- The reading examines the usefulness of face-recognition technology for airport security.
- It is very useful, I mean that it had caught the image of 2 young men who passed it adjacent (gần
kề) to the gate.
- With face-recognition, it matched people’s face when they walk near the system and it sent photos
to the computer and made an alarm after.
- So that,the scientist became research it carefully. They gave 2 sides:
+ If the system was working correctly, it would send out the warning when it recognized the
person that his or her picture had been in the computer.
+ If it had some mistakes result, call false positive that warning all people in the airport ->
serious problem.
- Through the test, FR system had not worked well at all because it made so many mistakes.
- Then, it would be tested by the National Institute for Standard and Technology (NIST) and gave
some data:
+ Using new database photos had 90% successful.
+ If moved outdoor, it became highly unreliable ( 94% -> 54%).
+ Difference in cameras angle cause trouble in an FR system.
+ Stored photos get larger, FR system get less dependable.
-> The reliable went down 2-3%.
- It causes the mistake when someone had worn 1 classic device: hat, glasses, hairstyle,…
- Result: Mo FR system can approach the human’s mind ability to compare image and decide
whether they watch.
Unit 4: HOW COULD THEY DO THAT?
Reading 1: COULD SHAKESPEARE HAVE WRITTEN SHAKESPEARE’S PLAYS?
- 2 points of view about the authorship of William Shakespeare’s play.
- How many factors about Shakespeare William? : 37 plays, 154 sonnets, 2 other poems and
elegy.
- Oxfordians:
+ Shakespeare was to poorly educated to have been the author the plays, was just an actor an an
occasional real-estate investor -> no writing, no evidences
+ Edward de Vere: better than Shakespeare and he traveled to manny of locations important in
Shakespeare’s plays.
- Strafordian:
+ Shakespeare's father was a properous merchant who held the town's highest office -> The King's
Neew School in Stratford -> excellent education.
+ Shakespeare moved to London in the late 1580s -> 20+ : became famous and wealthy actor ->
better than de Vere's do.
- Write the plays:
+ Oxfordians: to give de Vere cover, William Shakespeare of Startford must-have agree.
+ When de Vere died, many of the greatst plays were produced: Macbelth, the tempest.
+ The Oxfordians say so must-have added contemporary references to make the plays look timely.
Reading 2: FAME IN A FOREIGN LANGUAGE JOSEPH CONRAD
- Literary success is hard enough to achieve in one's native language.
- According to Joseph Conrad, he was born in a noble family, but his family died in the
revolution when he was 11.
- Before speaking English, Joseph Conrad can speak 2 different language like French and
Russian as well.
- But in the age of 14, he wanted to be a sailor, so he didn't want to invest much energy in his
schoolwork instead of the sea.
- With his ambitions, he pass through the written test for second-class seaman when he was 20,
then attended to the first-class and master.
- Through his life, he was more inclined to read and write than ti speak. He recognized that the
rhythms of language matches some inner sense when he became a master of written English.
- Conrad associated these other languages : English, French, Polish with unpleasant experience,
but English might be established in his mind because of his adults experiences.
- In 1924, he died when he was 67, his English literature had been secured and no one now
remember who these critics were.
Unit 5: WEATHER WARNINGS
Reading 1: THE WEATHER GOES TO COURT FORENSIC METEOROLOGY.
- The reading is talking about how weather data is helping settle court cases.
- A girl is the witness and she reports to the court about stealing a car. To show the evidence, the
lawyer called a new witness, a meteorologist to explain something that the girl said before because
they have a suspicion in her story.
+ Sound waves head into wind get pushed upward.
+ With the discovery of the forensic science, they can show the evidence for the court cases like
picture and some information.
- A device to forecast the weather:
+ George Washington in 1789: predict clear skies and high temperature with 59°F -> show the
possible of data.
+ Use internet to find information about weather.
- Hail typically : appear in an example hat it has a downward orientation, not a sideways.
- The insurance company : cover the caused by wind, just one type of weather phenomenon.
- The result of the tools:
+ More precise, affordable, easier to use.
+ Business can buy it and operate the necessary equipment.
+ Become good qualities to have when you step up to the witness stand in court of law.
Reading 2: ALBERTA CLIPPERS
- Snowstorms com in many form and each type of them exhibits certain traits, depend on where
it gets started and where it goes.
- One of type of snowstorm in North America is the Alberta Clipper:
+ At least dangerous as a storm 3 times its size.
+ Move fast, unusual for a clipper to travel from Western Canada to Atlantic in 72 hours.
+ Most of them fall in warm section of the storm.
+ Can cause a lots of trouble once a clipper's true force is felt.
+ Temperature : decline and ricious wind: at least 35-40 mild/hours.
- Black ice:
+ Ground blizzards routinely produce a phenomenon.
+ Air instantly freeze any moisture on the previously warm roads.
+ Vehicle out of control in sliding on black ice.
+ If your car stuck during the clipper -> mistake of someone:
• Fears and stress -> bad decisions.
• Walking off into the blind snow to search for the help.
• Disoriented and helpless.
They should be calm down and to be in full procession in their sense.
