La Union Colleges of Science and Technology, Inc.
Central West, Bauang La Union
BASIC EDUCATION DEPARTMENT Senior High School
CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
Background of the Study
Career preferences are free opportunity in selecting a desired career.
Career is defined by the 0xford English dictionary as a person’s course or
progress through life (or a distinct portion of life).
Career is a complex term, with different definitions. In the past, people
did not consider this term to be so complex and important as now, and it was
considered that when a person had a job, it was a life – long term. People used
to start their job when they were young, and they used to stay in the same
organization, in even at the same position, till they retired. It was taken for
granted that a person if hard worker, reliable, competent, loyal and making no
problems, would have a job as long as he/she wanted it. In return for such
behavior of employees, companies offered them job security and stability of job.
All the system, including organization and employees, function like a family,
where the organization was the one that acted in paternalistic way. In this
those days’ career started to work, and did not require any additional
knowledge or professional development.
Career, according to Okobiah and Okorududu (2005) refers to variety of
work and non – work situation which usually span through the entire life of an
individual. Career is generally related to a pattern of decision, transaction and
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BASIC EDUCATION DEPARTMENT Senior High School
adjustments which affects one’s role in work, education, family, community
development and leisure. The National Career Development Association NCDA
(2006) state that “career is the totality of work - paid and unpaid – one does in
his/her lifetime”. Thus, career embraced a sequence of positions, jobs or
occupations which an individual hold’s during his/her life time.
Career counseling is a field of counseling which gives relevant
information regarding different careers. It is a process of helping and enabling
people in their career development. Career counseling helps the student to
select their career according to their choices and interests. Career counseling is
now being increasingly stress as an integral part of education. (Laws, F., 2010)
Career Preferences means which career paths they find attractive
regardless of career market condition. Thus, respondents are asked to ignore
job market availability and rate how attractive they find each of the following
careers: (a) a faculty career with an emphasis on teaching; (b) a faculty career
with an emphasis on research or development; (c) a government career with an
emphasis on research or development; (d) a career in an established firm with
an emphasis on research or development; (e) a career in a startup with an
emphasis on research or development; and (f) other career.
There are different factors affecting students’ choice of course in college.
One of these is family related factors. Study revealed that Filipino immigrants
and non- immigrants rely heavily on their family’s decision-making. Students
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Central West, Bauang La Union
BASIC EDUCATION DEPARTMENT Senior High School
cope by following their parent’s advice. They also have to cope with an
expectation financially supporting the family upon completing their education.
Studies from other Asian countries also show parent’s impact in decision-
making of students when it comes to student course preference.
Furthermore, it is reported that parents are deeply involved and
influential to their high-achieving children’s college choice. The report also
found open houses, dialogue with college friends, alumni, and admitted-
student programs are extremely influential to students. The reports claimed
these sources are not known, but very powerful to student decision-making for
their college. The study
also found 26% of sampled students paid a specialist or advisor during the
college decision process. The studies presented are important to the present
study since the studies explain the importance of taking parents advice and
permission in choosing a college course. Respect for family is one of the most
influential factors that impact Filipino students career decision. It is concurred
that “Out of respect and loyalty, it may not be appropriate to express personal
desire; rather, one may alter one’s interest to maintain harmony.” As a sign of
respect, Filipino children want to do well for the sake of the family, follow
parent’s advice about choosing a job or major in college and lastly, make
sacrifice for the family. (Marz, P., 2006)
For practical reason, it is also reported that parents usually encourage
career that will not cost much money, but at the same time, are stable sources
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La Union Colleges of Science and Technology, Inc.
Central West, Bauang La Union
BASIC EDUCATION DEPARTMENT Senior High School
of income. Career in nursing, accounting, and engineering are highly popular
for Filipino families. These writing discuss that the family decide in what
college course students should take also associated with the financial status of
the family. Aside from family related factors, economic factors which includes
the employability and availability of job in the future is also considered by
students. Employability, i.e., the realistic feasibility of being employed in a
stable job, then become an important factor in career decision-making. Coming
from a collective culture, immigrant parents and children seek career that will
support the whole family.
Moreover, it is found that Asian American men and women tend to be
more interested in technical fields, the physical science, and non-enterprising
business positions over artistic, social, or socially interactive business career.
Aside from economic factors, exposure of students to career related technical
and academic subjects also known as elective subjects in the Philippines also
help in students decision-making in career choice in college. It was revealed
that Career Technical Education (CTE) was perceived positively by middle
school and high school counselors in Tenessee, and the need of career
awareness should begin in a student’s early years before high school. However,
there was a difference in perceptions of Career Technical Education (CTE) by
middle school and high school counselor.
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Central West, Bauang La Union
BASIC EDUCATION DEPARTMENT Senior High School
Both middle school and high school counselor felt that CTE (Chronic
Traumatic Encephalopathy) teacher should have knowledge, skills and
teaching license.
School counselor felt that they did not have enough time to provide
career counseling to students. Being informed and ready to choose a career
focus area in a student freshmen year could help make the transition from
middle school to high school easier thus help prevent the students from
dropping out of school before graduation.
On the importance of integrating the academic curriculum in student’s
preparation for college course choice, it is explained that academics should be
integrated with career-focused courses so students can see practical
application for the academic courses such as mathematics, science, reading
and writing.
Personality and interest are not the only criteria for choosing a career. An
individual’s aptitude and intellectual abilities are equally of great importance.
An aptitude is a potential for success in an arear after undergoing some
training but a layman may define aptitude as a flair for something.
The context in which people live, their personal aptitude, and
educational attainment are other thing that do influence people’s career choice.
The importance of having effective career planning is emphasized by
SREB (Southern Regional Education Board).
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Central West, Bauang La Union
BASIC EDUCATION DEPARTMENT Senior High School
It was found that students who receive help in exploring career and
planning program of study related to their career interest are more likely to see
school as meaningful. High school’s that work recommended that students as
early as the eighth grade develop a six-year plan for all four years of high
school and two years after graduation. These students should work with their
parents, teacher, and school counselor to develop high school courses and
future goals. Students who see a direct link between school and the future are
more definite in their career and postsecondary goals. Middle schools lay the
foundation for career choices by getting student to explore career fields which
interest them, and then in high school, the counselors help student align the
curriculum to the academic and industry standards of those career. The
involvement of the family, school administrators and guidance counselor to
help students make good career choice in the future is emphasized in the study
who mentioned that parents, teachers, and school counselors are all involve in
student’s career decision-making process. The researcher suggested that the
“American education career development plan” is to prepare students for the
next formal learning experience with little opportunity in career development
activities, and students are simply encouraging to attend school until they can
go no further.
It is this stage when teenager needs guidance in the proper selection of
their desired career. Where, they will arrive at the right decision considering
their innate capacities, educational privilege offered to the students and other
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Central West, Bauang La Union
BASIC EDUCATION DEPARTMENT Senior High School
resources that society makes available for them to be more efficient and
effective. (DepEd,2017)
“If there is a will there is a way”. In choosing a career, suitability to the
interest of students is given importance. Students must know on what degree
to pursue in college, one that interest them and must also fit their abilities so
that it will not be hard for them to choose the right career path. (Kael, P.,
2005).
The kind of career a person has an affect his or her life in a great number
of ways. The career also affects the way other people act toward you. By
making a wise career decision can help one’s self build the life they want.
Then, it is the responsibility of the guidance counselors to supply these
senior high school students with enough and pertinent information and proper
interpretations concerning their abilities, aptitudes, interest, needs,
temperament and personal characteristics to help them make crucial
decisions.
What most likely could lead the students to their maximum development and
ultimate success is likewise the concern of educational guidance. The students
are given assistance in attaining a high level of efficiency and satisfying results
in the activities in which they will engage in. As a whole, they will be helpful in
formulating systematic goals and plans for their future.
Educational leaders and programmers have agreed that instructions in
schools be made to suit the students’ needs and prepare for life work where
they
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La Union Colleges of Science and Technology, Inc.
Central West, Bauang La Union
BASIC EDUCATION DEPARTMENT Senior High School
could utilize their abilities, talents, and interest so they could find satisfaction
and self – fulfillment.
According to Supeer (2005), the students should first become aware of
the need for a career. So every graduating student needs a wise choice in
decision
making. Bautista (1997) stated that this age, a student must take important
and vita decision in the selectin of a career which will determine his/her future
success.
In La Union Colleges of Science and Technology some of the students are
still undecided what will be their course in college. The need to find out the
factors affecting the career preferences among senior high school students gave
the impetus to this study. From above the discussion, the researcher’s
explanation when it comes to the factors affecting the career preferences shows
that when one is confused in choosing a career, he/she relies on his friends
and relatives. Confusion of a student in a sense that he cannot make his own
decision and not yet ready to get into college. Thus one wrong decision can lead
to wrong pathway of opportunity to students.
The researchers, inquired the grade 12 students of La Union Colleges of
Science and Technology to know the factors affecting their conditions in
choosing a career.
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La Union Colleges of Science and Technology, Inc.
Central West, Bauang La Union
BASIC EDUCATION DEPARTMENT Senior High School
Statement of the Problem
The study aimed to determine the factors affecting career preferences of
Senior High School students. Specially, it sought to answer the following sub
problems:
1. What are the socio – demographic profile of the senior high school
students in terms of:
a. Sex
b. Age
c. Parents Highest Educational Attainment
d. Parents Occupation
e. Family Monthly Income
2. What are the preferences of students in choosing a career in college in
terms of;
a. Childhood Aspirations
b. Family/relatives
c. Values
d. In Demand Jobs
e. School Guidance Counselor
3. Is there significant relationship between the profile of the respondent
and factors affecting the career preferences?
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Central West, Bauang La Union
BASIC EDUCATION DEPARTMENT Senior High School
Hypothesis
There is no significant relationship between the profile of the
respondents and the factors affecting the career preferences of the students.
Theoretical Framework
There are various factors that affect career preferences of senior high
school students such as personal attributes, academic background, and socio –
economic factors. These factors can directly or indirectly affect career
preferences of the respondents.
Motivation is the basic determinant of anyone’s decision. It can be
intrinsic, extrinsic motivation or both.
Maslow’s hierarchy of needs is the fundamental theory of one’s behavior
including the motivation of doing something. The students’ choice of career
may be attributed to their physiological needs, good and decent meals, shelter
for safety, recognitions and belongingness to the family, intrinsic motivation of
self – discover and actualization.
There could be some reasons for some as what Skinner’s Operant
Conditioning described. People behave or do (refrain from doing) things
because of rewards and punishments. Some students could have been forced
to take the career they planned of fear (negative stimulant).
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BASIC EDUCATION DEPARTMENT Senior High School
The cognitive development was a progressive reorganization of mental
processes as a result of biological maturation and environmental experience
(Leod, 2017)
The demographics are about gender, ethnicity, socio-economic status,
and nationality whereas the environmental factors are about the influence
such as family, friends, community values, mentors, labor market structure
and the economic environment. The theories with sociological underpinnings
will be discussed first, followed by the ones with psychological underpinnings.
Employability needs a contract in which the foundation is psychology. An
individual considers both individual external factors while estimating
employability. Individual factors include all those skills which were developed
during education, early experience, internship or work placements whereas the
external factors are family, friends, labor market, economic trends etc. (Creed
and Gagliardi,2015). The relation of career satisfaction (DeVoset al., 2011),
career success and career commitment (Rothwell and Arnold, 2007), self –
presentation skills and job related skills being found with self – perceived
employability (Creed and Gagliardi, 2015).
In other research it was reported that the students have reported low
level of perceived employability who faced less satisfaction in their academic
and career direction they follow during seeking information of employment
market (Mcllveen, et al., 2013).
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La Union Colleges of Science and Technology, Inc.
Central West, Bauang La Union
BASIC EDUCATION DEPARTMENT Senior High School
The next theory is Social Cognitive Theory (SCCT) This theory tries to
contextualize how individuals make career decisions considering individuals
(internal factors) and environmental (external factors) factors that have an
impact on individual’s self – efficacy and career interest (Sharp, 2006). It
describes that one’s efficiency and effectiveness for some particular task is
related to choice is the career choices. It discusses the interaction of “learning
experiences, self-efficacy and outcome expectations” and the way in which
these affect career interest and choices.
According to Kidd (2006), this theory implies that it is important to
understand the impact on self-efficacy of things like “family, social class,
gender ethnicity and learning experiences “, which include quality of
experiences and also the individual nature. The typical example is revealed by
the study of Gushue (2006), in which he investigated the relationship between
ethnic identity, career decision-making, self-efficacy and outcome expectations
among Latino high school students in north-eastern USA. The study revealed a
strong relationship between individual’s ethnicity and their beliefs regarding
their ability to seek a career (self-efficacy) and no relationship/impact on their
outcome expectation. The study highlighted that the career decision where
based on their self-efficacy i.e. the more they were successful in their task the
more confidence they develop in terms of their career decision-making.
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La Union Colleges of Science and Technology, Inc.
Central West, Bauang La Union
BASIC EDUCATION DEPARTMENT Senior High School
Another theory adopted for the research is David Tiedeman’s self –
develop approach to career. He believes that involving ego- identity is of central
importance in the career development process. He referred to the evolving self –
in – situation from the earlies awareness of self to point at which individuals
becomes capable of evaluating experiences, anticipating, and imagining future
goals, and storing experiences in memory for future reference with his context
of Erik Erikson’s eight psychosocial crises. Self – in – situation, self – in – world
and the orientation of work evolve as one resolves the psychosocial crises of
life. He therefore conceptualized a paradigm of problem – solving as the
mechanism of career decision making. He paradigm covers four aspects of
anticipation or pre occupation (exploration, crystallization, choice, and
clarification) and the tree aspects of implementation of adjustment (induction,
reformation, and integration).
John Holland’s of career choice are determined by an interaction between
are personality and the environment. Career choice maintains that in choosing
a career, people prefer jobs where they can be around others who are like
them.
They search for environments that will let them use their skills, abilities, and
express their attitudes and values, while taking on enjoyable problems and
roles. Behavior is determined by an interaction between personality and
environment.
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BASIC EDUCATION DEPARTMENT Senior High School
Conceptual Framework
Future tension can be surpassing if individual has a preparation to
overcome it. Career preparedness will help the student become more effective
and successful in life with his chosen job.
Childhood aspiration has a major role on individual’s striving force. As
they grow older, the more they want, the more they will strive to get it. But
external factors (environment and society) and internal factors (self - crisis and
family) changes their aspirations in life. Such as when a child wants to be a
nurse to cure a patient in his illness but because of her interest like drawing
and painting changes his aspirations. His interest got more concentrated so
she will take a course which is suitable for it. Some graduated high school
students gradually stop in pursuing their college career. Financial
sustainability plays a major role in alternations of career life. They need to
work in order to sustain their studies, as well as to help their family about
expenses and earlier exposure to a company. Career preferences, then can be
conceptualize as a process of decision making. It also involves series of prime
factors such as the socio – demographic profile (sex, age, parent’s educational
attainment, parent’s occupation, family income, and sibling position).
Likewise, it will identify the top three expressed career choice such as
childhood aspirations, family/relatives, peer/friends, interest and
specialization, values in demand jobs, and school counselor; their anticipated
problems
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La Union Colleges of Science and Technology, Inc.
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BASIC EDUCATION DEPARTMENT Senior High School
encountered and how these problems affect the students in making their career
preferences; and sibling position.
The figure below explains the paradigm of the study which uses the IPO
framework. The input is the socio demographic. The process of the study
floated a questionnaire, descriptive survey, and statistical treatment. Finally,
the output the factors affecting career preferences of senior high school
students.
Input Process Output
Socio –
Demographic
Characteristics of
the Students:
A. Sex
B. Age
Questionnaire
C. Parent’s
Descriptive survey Factors Affecting Career
Highest
Preferences of Senior
Educational Statistical treatment High School Students
Attainment
D. Parent’s
Occupation
E. Family
Monthly
Income
Feedback
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La Union Colleges of Science and Technology, Inc.
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Significance of the Study
Education is the totality of learning acquired by individual which is
inherited from one generation to another, while career is serve as its
application. The collaboration of this two field plays a key in improving
individual’s competence and professionalism and serve as their personal
achievement.
Therefore, this study is deemed significant to the following stakeholder
for the following reasons:
• To the Students the result of this study will develop the awareness of
themselves, strength, and weaknesses for their career development by
continually summarizing and reflecting upon what they are learning from
home, school, and community. In totality, students are in charge of their own
choice.
• To the Parents – In this study, parents will realize how important they are as
a source of encouragement in which children are free to explore different areas
of career preferences. This study will look forward in giving their children an
assurance to acquire quality education that would enable them to obtain better
job, better income, and brighter future.
• To the Teacher – this study will give information to the teachers LUCST as to
the preferences of students such that they can focus on the skills needed by
the students if ever the latter would pursue the career they have chosen.
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• To the School Administration – The result of this study will help the school
administration in putting up an effective, integrated career information and
guidance system that a plays a very helpful role in guiding students towards
making the best possible career decisions.
• To the Researcher – The process and outcome of this study will produce a
great satisfaction, competence, and professionalism to the field. Although the
topic of the study is focus on career which belongs to the field known as
Individual Psychology, the purpose is to have a diversity and idea about the
field rather than understanding the abnormalities of human behavior.
• To the Community Besides family of the job seeker and local community
also can become the factors which can determine someone’s future career. To
make a right career choice, the need to understand the cultural issues and the
nature of expectations of each students can help them to understand the
factors affecting career preferences of students.
Operational Definition of Terms
The following terms are conceptually or operationally define to enhance the
understanding of the readers of this paper.
1. Recession – a period of reduced economic activity or withdrawal. In this
study, recession refers to a decrease of employees in a company affected
by economic crisis.
2. Career – a field for or pursuit of consecutive progressive achievement
especially in public, professional, or business life. In this study, career is
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La Union Colleges of Science and Technology, Inc.
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BASIC EDUCATION DEPARTMENT Senior High School
the application of education whereby it is the totally of acquired
knowledge.
3. Ego- Relevant Crisis – is derived from Erik Erikson’s eight psychosocial
crises such as;
1) Trust, 2) Autonomy, 3) Initiative, 4) Industry, 5) Identity 6) Intimacy,
7) Generativity, and 8) Ego - Integrity.
4. Disoriented Strategy – displaced from normal position or relationship. In
this study, this term refers to mechanism of students when he or she is
unstable in choosing a career which can be repeated
5. Socio – Demographic Characteristic – refers to sex, age, parent’s
educational attainment, parent’s occupation, family income, and siblings
position.
6. Sibling – position – the positon of respondent in his/her family, whether
he or she was first child, second child, third child, etc.
7. Preference – other term for recommended; the power or opportunity of
choosing. In the study, the term career preference refers to the basis of
student in choosing the course he/she wants whether it come from
his/her childhood aspiration, relatives, peer, his/her values in life,
interest and specialization, and school guidance counselor.
8. Childhood Aspiration – the child’s infantile wishes of what he wants
when grew up.
9. Interest – to induce or persuade; to participate or engage.
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10. Specialization – to concentrate one’s efforts in a special activity of
field.
11. Values – refers to motivated drives the individual is striving to
achieve their aspirations in life.
12. “In – Demand” Jobs – refers to the majority of present occupation
which many companies are in need for a particular job.
13. School Guidance Counselor - is a type counseling profession
specialized in assisting the students in choosing the career in college and
as well vocation or un educational problems.
14. Anticipated Problems – the expected problems of student’s career
choice. For example, financial sustainability, poor health, self – conflicts,
etc.
15. Self – Concept – the mental image one has of oneself.
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La Union Colleges of Science and Technology, Inc.
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BASIC EDUCATION DEPARTMENT Senior High School
CHAPTER II
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
Research Design
This study used a descriptive survey method used to assess socio –
demographic characteristics such as sex, age, parent’s educational attainment,
parent’s occupation, family income, sibling positon; preference of students in
choosing a career and anticipated problems that affect the career choices of
senior high school students of La Union Colleges of Science and Technology.
Descriptive research is a purposive process of data gathering, analyzing,
classifying and tabulating data about prevailing condition, practices, beliefs,
processes, trends and cause – effect relationship and then adequate and
accurate interpretation about such data with or without aid of statistical
treatment.
Locale and population of the study
The study was conducted during the year 2019 – 2020 within La Union
Colleges of Science and Technology. The researcher depicted representatives in
the Senior High School Students to suit in needed respondents to the study.
Scope and Delimitation
Senior high school is the respondent of this research, since some of them
are still undecided of the course they want to pursue and suffers from
difficulties in deciding during their last term.
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This study focused on their career preferences of senior high school
students. The socio – demographic characteristics in terms of sex, age, parent’s
educational attainment, parent’s occupation, family income, and sibling
position; top three career choice; preference of student in choosing a career in
terms of childhood aspirations, family/relatives, peer/friends, values,” in
demand” jobs, and school guidance counselor; and anticipated problems
encountered in making their career choices.
This study focus on our career preferences of senior high school students
of La Union Colleges of Science and Technology.
The school is selected because very few among the province of La Union
offer a vocational related course during High School.
Data Gathering Tools
The study used questionnaire as the main gathering instrument in order
to obtain the necessary information that pertains to the factors affecting the
career preferences of senior high school students in La Union Colleges of
Science and Technology.
Scoring Mechanism
The following numerical description and it is corresponding qualitative
interpretation was used by the researchers to describe and classify the range
and interval.
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Factors Affecting the Career Preferences of Senior High School Students
in La Union Colleges of Science and Technology.
Weight Statistical Range Item Descriptive
Rating
4 3.26-4.00 Always
3 2.51-3.25 Sometimes
2 1.76-2.50 Often
1 1.00-1.75 Never
Statistical Treatment of Data
The data were subjected to analysis using the following tools.
1. Frequency and percentages were used to describe the number of
students, The formula is:
Percentages = f x 100
Where:
f= frequency
N= total number of population
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2. Mean find out the factors affecting the career preferences as a tool of
advertising in La Union Colleges of Science and Technology. The formula
is:
∑fx
x = N
Where:
x= mean
∑= summation
Fx=Sum of all products of f and x where f is the frequency of each score
and x, weighted of each score.
f=Sum of all the hospitability industry tested
2) The data gathered were tabulated computed and analyzed. Frequency
count, weighted means, ranking and percentage were used for
treating sub problem 1 and 2
For problem no. 3 on the relationship between the profile of the
respondents and the factors affecting the career preferences of senior high
school students in La Union Colleges of Science and Technology
The pearson was used to ensure the accuracy of computation the IBM
SPSS was used.
Questionnaire
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La Union Colleges of Science and Technology, Inc.
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BASIC EDUCATION DEPARTMENT Senior High School
Instruction: Please respond to the following information by checking or
writing on the space provided. Rest assured that your response will be kept
with strict confidentially and will use for academic purpose only.
Name: (optional) ___________________________
A. Age:
( ) 16 – 17 years old
( ) 18 – 19 years old
( ) 20 – 21 years old
B. Gender:
( ) Female
( ) Male
C. Parents Highest Educational Attainment:
( ) Elementary
( ) High School
( ) College
D. Parents Occupation:
Mother: _____________
Father: ______________
E. Family Monthly Income
( ) 1000 – 2000
( ) 3000 – 4000
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( ) 5000 – 6OOO
( ) 7000 – 8000
( ) 9000 – Above
Part II
Directions: Kindly select appropriate rating that described the impact of
factors affecting the career preferences of senior high school students on
the following.
4 – ALWAYS 3 – SOMETIMES 2 – OFTEN 1 – NEVER
A.
CHILDHOOD ASPIRATIONS 4 3 2 1
1. I consider my friends when I choose my career?
2. I consult my friends before making any career
choice.
3.Does your childhood dreams follow your
aspirations in the present?
4.Your friends are helpful to choose a career?
5.Did you choose a career because of your
friends?
B.
Family Relatives 4 3 2 1
1. I seek my parent’s advice for career choice.
2. I choose my career based on the profession of
my relatives.
3. I am influenced by the advice or suggestion of
my parents in choosing my career.
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4.Do you feel angry when your parents forcing
their career choice on you?
5.Are you afraid what the future holds for your
relatives?
C.
Values 4 3 2 1
1.I am a shy-type person and it affects how I
choose my career.
2. I consider my interest in choosing my career.
3. I consider compensation in choosing career.
4. I am capable of making my own career choice.
5. I see myself a successful person in my chosen
career.
D.
In Demand Jobs 4 3 2 1
1. I choose my career based on what is needed by
a specific industry.
2.I choose my career by the demand jobs.
3.I choose my career based on the salary and
compensation.
4.
5.
E.
School Guidance Counselor 4 3 2 1
1. I choose my career based on the result of
Humanities and Social Sciences
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La Union Colleges of Science and Technology, Inc.
Central West, Bauang La Union
BASIC EDUCATION DEPARTMENT Senior High School
NCAE.
2. I choose my career based on the suggestion of
the guidance counselor.
3.I consider the advice given by guidance
counselor for choosing my career?
4.It is helpful when guidance counselor gives an
encouragement about my career?
5.I choose my career base on my skills and
interest.
Humanities and Social Sciences
27