Verbs followed immecUately oy aq;_infinit i'Ci,e
be excited about thank smn for afford to fail to promise to
be worried about keep smn from instead of
be nervous about
agree to forget* to refuse to
prevent smn from take advantage of
complain about/of prohibit smn from take care of appear to hate** to regret* to
dream about/of stop smn from be t ired of arrange to hesitate to remember* to
talk about/of believe !r!. insist Q!1 ask to hope to seem to
th ink about/of be interested ill be accustomed to
apologize for participate ill in addition to
can't bear** to learn to can't stand**
blame smn for succeed ill be committed to beg to like** to start** to
forgive smn for be accused of be devoted to begin** to love** to struggle to
have an excuse for be capable of look forward to
have a reason for for the purpose of object to
care to manage to swear to
be responsible for be opposed to claim to mean to threaten to
be used to consent to need to try* to
Special expr:essio,n~ 2,,-_ .,.· continue** to offer to volunteer to
have fun/a good time + V-ing decide to plan to wait to
have trouble/difficulty+ V-ing demand to prefer** to want to
have a hard time/ difficult time+ V-ing deserve to prepare to wish to
spend + expression of time or money+ V-ing expect to pretend to
waste+ expression of time or money+ V-ing II
sit+ expression of place+ V-ing
·"}',Mc ' ·1·
1~r,pf , 0 q,~e.db
·. Y· ~ (p~o).Q?_un_+ ~m infinitive
'"
"· H
stand+ expression of place+ V-ing advise** to ~ expect ~ persuade to ~'-f}~-
lie + expression of place+ V-ing allow, ~ ~ forbitit ~ · · ·, ,;, remind t~~~~
find+ (pro)noun + V-ing ask to l\\ fo~t t~o require to
catch+ (pro)noun + V-ing I 'l~ ' ~irlto~ \ , teach to
- - - -- - -- ~ - -, - - - - -~ \i.~W ..~" \ . ._!\,,~ 1~ to .,... tell to
Verbs r ,
· •engero
" "'~t-~"'''-' mv1te . . ~ to;~ · w ;,,:, urge to
con ~
verbs with ** can be followed by either ~-gerund or an infinitive··
• 1c
without difference in meaning ·J .. t ·
• • nee · o need to want to
f , ,., ~ ~1 l
verbs with * can be followed by eit lier·a g'ei:i:f~"d or arn nfinitive, ;., da~ (}_,\\..~ order to warn to
BUT with a differen ce in mea ~ing , · "'z,, · ,,\ encourage to permit t ~ ~~~
admit finish recollect Adj~ctiye~~followed by infinitLv~s
advise* forget* recommend · · · · '· · · '
ant ·1c·1pate hate**
regret * c , glad to
l'< •t prou ~~\~i
~ IJ\1,M-S.'
afraid
~
to9-...
appreciate can't help remember-!: J°' ha~1Rt t_o N\V-C) ashan'fetft , like1y 'Q§S~
avoid keep resent ~.r(cf/•''J, ~le~~~(~ N\~ ready to certai~R_t-_~ ~~
can't bear** like ** resist del{ - ~rrel ~Je ~~'<l surprisecH ~ '
begin** love** risk c~£ e ~ anx10~ <? ~~\}~~mazed to ~
complete mention can't stand** re ieve O
eager to· ~ ~ ast~ ~ ~
consider mind start** luck~Jl ~ willing to ~,-t-: sh~ S~ ~ \
continue** miss stop toffl.h¥ti to motiva~ed to stunned t~ ,~~~..\\-.~\ -'
delay postpone suggest sorry to determined to ~ ~ \ . ~ W"
deny practice tolerate sagif~ ~~~ careful to ~ t "-'v,r . I\
discuss prefer** try* u~seTto_'\ hesitant to ~ ~ ~"'~ "-~ "-~~~
dislike quit understand d1sappomwd to reluctant to , ¼
enjoy recall ~~\~ "\ ' \\'/ ·l'i\i ~, 1• ' \
C lijah
haJ Ge&r \
( v-mu IJ ra.-J.f'l.k.l. ~
1
ability in present or future
Tom is strong. He can lift that heavy
expresses physical ability box.
Maria can play the piano. She's been
expresses an acquired skill toking lessons for many years.
past ability I could run fast when I was younger.
quite formal and polite; is used much less
Might I ask you a personal question?
frequently than may I or could I
May I borrow your pen, please?
are used to request permission;
are equally polite Could I use your cell phone?
is quite informal Can I borrow your pencil?
Would you pass the salt, please?
'"':!"'" WOULD YOU "' polite request;
~:,. -. Could you, please, open the door?
,. __ j,_\: coULD YOU .; are equally polite
.;;.....,;;;.,;,....,.,_;;.~=====;;;;;;;,
•~ • 1 is considered a little bit less polite Will you, please, do me a favor?
,. , is used informally Can you help me with this task?
r-1l asking
permission
IF I DID SMTH Would you mind if I closed the door?
I
asking
someone to DOING SMTH FOR ME Would you mind repeating that?
do something
You had better take care of that cut
~t.f..5,J i :4 is usually stronger; implies a warning or a on your hand soon, or it will get
-:_._.J_ J~ threat of possible bad consequences infected.
You should study harder.
express advisability;
have the same meaning Drivers ought to obey the speed limit.
is stronger, indicates urgency, or stresses All applicants must take an entrance
importance exam.
, s used more commonly I have to be home by eight.
is informal; is used primarily in spoken English I've got to go now.
prohibition; "DON'T DO THIS!" You mustn't tell anyone my secret!
Tomorrow is a holiday. We don't have
95% SURE MUST 99% SURE
CAN'T
p,,~.·. 95% SURE MUSTN 'T
<5G% SU RE lvl i •.;! :·1 MAY NOT
<50% SURE
COU l D MIGHT NOT
COULDN'T
95% SURE MUST 99% SURE
CAN'T
MAY 95% SURE MUSTN'T
<50% SURE MIGHT MAY NOT
<50% SU RE
COULD MIGHT NOT
SHO ULD
90% SUR E
OUGHT TO
