SYNOPSIS BS ENGLISH (4-Year)
REVENGE IN WUTHERING HEIGHTS
Submitted by Benish Muskan
Supervisor Lect. Zubair khan
Department of English
Govt. Postgraduate College Dargai Malakand
Affiliated with University of Malakand
Session (2016- 2020)
CHAPTER1. INTRODUCTION
Introduction of the study:
Literature is a world where ideas reside. On the other hand, man is blessed with the
capacity to explore ideas and to enjoy the ideas explored by others. The sublime
means which dresses these ideas with words and sounds is literature. Literature has
touched almost all aspects of life in different form and manifestations. But the major
forms which are widely read, understood and known to the readers and writers are
poetry, prose and drama. The proposed study is limited to the field of fiction.
Revenge is one of the psychological terms mostly used by literary novelists and
dramatists in literature. Revenge is mostly introduced in the middle of the novels and
dramas with the rising action as a conflict and then is finally known at the climax.
The very psychological term that the study will work on is in the novel “Wuthering
Heights” written by Emily Bronte. Wuthering Heights is a revenge novel often uses
feelings of hatred to produce tension and pain in the plot. "Wuthering Heights" is
strengthening the story's confrontation with contempt for other characters of Heathcliff.
"Wuthering Heights" explores the cause of Heathcliff's hatred and the impact of other
stories throughout the story. The relationship between Heathcliff and other characters also
implies a general theme. Things compete with the effects of poisoning and there is nothing
that has their life ". This frustrating love story, Emily Brontë's "Wuthering Heights",
happened in the desolate wilderness of Yorkshire, England, Heathcliff, Katherine, with
Hindley. Emily Bronte ignored the repressive practices of the time and used passion as part
of the novel tradition, so she was declared "a romantic rebel". Unlike stereotype novels,
Wuthering Heights does not have real heroes or villains. The tale of the story is very unique
and different, because there are more than one narrator. While Nelly Dean tells the story,
the role of Blount, Rockwood is used to explain the introduction and decisive part of the
novel. Interestingly, Nelly Dean was used for prejudice. Nevertheless, the aim of the
researcher is to point out those elements, figures of speech and relating factors which
introduces and gives birth to revenge.
Scope and importance of the study:
The proposed study is of great importance. It will let know the reader the unknown
aspects of the novel and it will be an addition to the existing body of knowledge and
research .The study will also be helpful in easily understanding the novel, and help
the readers in enjoying the novel more and more.
Moreover, this study will prove helpful to English literature students in lessening the
hindrances in the way of appreciating a novel and its theme.
The study is equally important for researchers as they may conduct further research in
the light of this research.
Objectives of the proposed research:
Following are the main objectives of the proposed research study:
To explore the text of the novel for exploring the elements of revenge.
To analyze the nature and revenge as a theme of the revenge used in the novel.
To explore the connection between love and revenge in the novel.
To dig out the three glaring generations which are new to the genre of the narrative aspect of literature.
To find out the causes of Heathcliff's revenge in "Wuthering Heights"
Research questions:
The following research questions would be explored in the proposed research work:
1. How far revenge is the theme of the novel?
2. In what ways or how is revenge connected to love?
3. What causes Heathcliff's revenge in "Wuthering Heights"?
CHAPTER.2 LITERATURE REVIEW
The novel Wuthering Heights is written by Emily Bronte. She presents the deep,
passionate love as well as she highlights the dark and evil nature of a human. Not just
the story of love, but an enormously fervent story of love and fixation, and shorn of
all well-mannered notions which emphasizes akin as well as a beast in the man. The
entire story contains deep emotions, eating of the heart (jealousy), and panic, anxious
love, gloomy and degraded Heathcliff. The story revolves around the behaviors and
characters and a life which is warped by fate. The novel faced much criticism by
critics. Watson (1949) observes that so many critics compare Wuthering Heights with
the Charlotte’s Jane Eyre and finally they declare that Jane Eyre is more superior to
the Wuthering Heights. Wuthering Heights is a pleasant novel with the artistic touch
of gothic atmosphere, gothic imagery and passions with a bleak, gloomy and windy
night. It is full of horror landscapes and whispered sounds that permit your heart to be
seized. And drive you into madness. The portrayal of the characters is so cruel.
Somehow the characters are responsible for their tragic end. And almost all haunted
by their emotions and fates. There are no suspicions that love is so passionate in this
novel, but at the same time violent too. That later reveals its wild aspect. The use of
diction in this novel by Emily Bronte is so fantastic. And she also employs interesting
description techniques. This makes Emily different from her contemporaries. The
technique of narration called suspension of disbelief used by Emily Bronte in
Wuthering Heights. Without any complaint she did a fine job with this technique. It
keeps the novel efficient well. But there are some arguments of critics regarding the
structure of the novel. Some of them believe that it is a very carefully constructed
novel in English literature (Varghese, 2012). But on the other hand others say that it
is a splendid imperfect novel in which Bronte loses her control over occasionally
(López, &Corazón, 2013). The novel provides a very comprehensive interpretation
which presents the whole novel as unified.
The depth analysis of the novel reveals that Emily was concerned with what life
actually, means for her. She focused on her character’s lay in the universe. In which
everything is alive, but not intellectual and is animated by spiritual force and one of
the forces is a storm. That is harsh, cruel, and wild. The world of our experience is
one of the faces of it, full of discord. But that is only because of in the overcrowded
condition of their earthly personification. These rules are diverted from following the
course that their nature dictates and get in each other’s way. They all change from
positive into negative forces. The calm becomes a source of weakness, not of
harmony in natural scheme; the storm is a force not a fruitful energy.
Oates (1982) observes that the canny Physicality of Wuthering Heights is different
from the Gothic as well as different from Shakespeare’s tragedies, where the
presentation is implied with the endurance of good. But not persuaded that is, survival
is authentic and not just a thematic opportunity. We cannot say that it is a contrast of
its origin. Wuthering Heights strikes as so only one of its kind, and surprising. This
novel is not directly a contrast to the general hypothesis, and not very much
complicated to be managed with the number of things.
It is a romance tale that brilliantly challenges the previous romance and gothic tales.
The novel reveals the temperamental opposites; innocence that was lost and a
necessary defeat of childhood. Wuthering Heights as a manuscript is very strong. Not
a single component is without evidence that is untamed, puzzled, displaced and
improbable. A man has the ability to affect others by his own actions and intention.
That can be good or can be worse, which harms others. And choices are very much
available for all, either to choose good or evil. Destructive path was chosen by
Heathcliff. As Þórarinsson, (2013) says that his cruel behavior brings destruction
upon him and also upon those who are close to him. Furthermore, he says that
throughout the play, he tries to prove himself as a wicked person. Love has both the
power of the positive change as well as negative. Unhappily it affects Heathcliff
negatively.
CHAPTER.3 METHODOLOGY
Nature of Research:
This research would be qualitative in nature, as this method of inquiry involves the
why and how aspects of decision making along with what, where, when and who this
is theoretical base work, all the possible factors involve in revenge as a theme and
other relevant aspects would be explored. And also it’s accumulation of knowledge
for addition to the human store, and exploration for the ease of people in field of
fiction.
Data Type and Source:
The data is qualitative in nature and have been gathered form authentic sources like
libraries, media prints, Internet library sources, and previous relevant research would
be utilized as sources of information.
Data Analysis and Procedure:
Close reading would be used as the method of analysis for the collected data. Word
by word and sentence by sentence perusal would be conducted of the piece of
literature of Emily Bronte’s novel ‘Wuthering heights’.
REFERENCES:
Watson, M. (1949). Tempest in the Soul: The Theme and Structure of "Wuthering
Heights" Nineteenth-
Century Fiction, 4(2), 87-100
Varghese, L. M. (2012). Stylistic Analysis of Emily Brontë’s Wuthering Heights.
IOSR
Oates, J. C. (1982). The Magnanimity of" Wuthering Heights". Critical
Inquiry,9(2), 435-449.
López, M., & Corazón, D. (2013). Love-passion in the novel Wuthering Heights.
Þórarinsson, D. I. (2013). Destruction and Sympathy in Emily Brontë's Wuthering
Heights: Heathcliff's Loss of the Reader's Sympathy Through Self-Destructive
Behaviour and Ruination of Others.
