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Our Fourth Exam

This document provides information on various pathology topics including: 1. Malignant lesions can be identified by heaping of cells. 2. Achondroplasia is the most common form of dwarfism caused by mutations in the FGFR3 gene, resulting in short limbs but normal head and trunk size. 3. Cryptorchidism increases the risk of testicular cancer, but orchiopexy before age 2 can reduce this risk.

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25 views12 pages

Our Fourth Exam

This document provides information on various pathology topics including: 1. Malignant lesions can be identified by heaping of cells. 2. Achondroplasia is the most common form of dwarfism caused by mutations in the FGFR3 gene, resulting in short limbs but normal head and trunk size. 3. Cryptorchidism increases the risk of testicular cancer, but orchiopexy before age 2 can reduce this risk.

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kaplan abate
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Pathology Test-4

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a. (heaping = malignant lesions)

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18. -Poststreptococcal GN:“Subepithelial hump”, throat infection.

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23. Achondroplasia:
i. Autosomal dominant disorder
ii. characterized by impaired maturation of cartilage in the developing growth
plate
iii. is a major cause of dwarfism
iv. majority of cases are caused by dominant mutations involving the gene for
fibroblast growth factor receptor 3
v. Achondroplasia affects all bones that are formed from cartilage
vi. normal head and trunk size, and disproportionately short but well-muscled arms
and legs
vii. The face usually has a large forehead, prominent supraorbital ridges, and deep-
set root of the nose
viii. Thanatophoric dysplasia is the most common lethal form of dwarfism,
ix. c/f-micromelic shortening of the limbs, frontal bossing, relative macrocephaly, a
small chest cavity, and a bellshaped abdomen
x. underdeveloped thoracic cavity
xi. growth plate show diminished proliferation of chondrocytes and disorganization
xii. gain-of function mutations in FGFR3 that differ from those in achondroplasia

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26. -Cryptorchidism: • Increased risk of testicular cancer, 5-10x– Orchiopexy before age 2 reduces
the risk.

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43. -Mucoepidermoid Carcinoma: “Facial nerve”.
44. -Plasma Cells: Hepatitis A.
45. -Carcinoids: commonest site “Appendix”.
46. -Peutz-Jengers polyps:”Pigment”.
47. -Hydronephrosis: Dilation of renal pelvis.
48. -Leiomyoma: Uterus.
49. -R. Syndrome triad: Urethritis, Conjunctivitis and Arthritis.
50. -Prostatic Carcinoma: Male 2nd death.

-Prepared by Tsegaab and other PC2 students. Good luck!

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