Article 60

Artificial islands, installations and structures in the exclusive economic zone

1. In the exclusive economic zone, the coastal State shall have the exclusive right to construct and to authorize and
regulate the construction, operation and use of:

(a) artificial islands;

3. Due notice must be given of the construction of such artificial islands, installations or structures, and permanent
means for giving warning of their presence must be maintained. Any installations or structures which are abandoned
or disused shall be removed to ensure safety of navigation, taking into account any generally accepted international
standards established in this regard by the competent international organization. Such removal shall also have due
regard to fishing, the protection of the marine environment and the rights and duties of other States.

Appropriate publicity shall be given to the depth, position and dimensions of any installations or structures not entirely
removed.

4. The coastal State may, where necessary, establish reasonable safety zones around such artificial islands,
installations and structures in which it may take appropriate measures to ensure the safety both of navigation and of
the artificial islands, installations and structures.

5. The breadth of the safety zones shall be determined by the coastal State, taking into account applicable
international standards. Such zones shall be designed to ensure that they are reasonably related to the nature
andfunction of the artificial islands, installations or structures, and shall not exceed a distance of 500 metres around
them, measured from each point of their outer edge, except as authorized by generally accepted international
standards or as recommended by the competent international organization. Due notice shall be given of the extent of
safety zones.

6. All ships must respect these safety zones and shall comply with generally accepted international standards
regarding navigation in the vicinity of artificial islands, installations, structures and safety zones.

7. Artificial islands, installations and structures and the safety zones around them may not be established where
interference may be caused to the use of recognized sea lanes essential to international navigation.

8. Artificial islands, installations and structures do not possess the status of islands. They have no territorial sea of
their own, and their presence does not affect the delimitation of the territorial sea, the exclusive economic zone or the
continental shelf.

H.) ARTICLES 76

PART VI
CONTINENTAL SHELF

Article 76
Definition of the continental shelf

1. The continental shelf of a coastal State comprises the seabed and subsoil of the submarine areas that extend
beyond its territorial sea throughout the natural prolongation of its land territory to the outer edge of the continental
margin, or to a distance of 200 nautical miles from the baselines from which the breadth of the territorial sea is
measured where the outer edge of the continental margin does not extend up to that distance.

2. The continental shelf of a coastal State shall not extend beyond the limits provided for in paragraphs 4 to 6.

3. The continental margin comprises the submerged prolongation of the land mass of the coastal State, and consists
of the seabed and subsoil of the shelf, the slope and the rise. It does not include the deep ocean floor with its oceanic
ridges or the subsoil thereof.

4. (a) For the purposes of this Convention, the coastal State shall establish the outer edge of the continental margin
wherever the margin extends beyond 200 nautical miles from the baselines from which the breadth of the territorial
sea is measured, by either:

(i) a line delineated in accordance with paragraph 7 by reference to the outermost fixed points at each of
which the thickness of sedimentary rocks is at least 1 per cent of the shortest distance from such point to
the foot of the continental slope; or
(ii) a line delineated in accordance with paragraph 7 by reference to fixed points not more than 60 nautical
miles from the foot of the continental slope.

(b) In the absence of evidence to the contrary, the foot of the continental slope shall be determined as the point of
maximum change in the gradient at its base.

5. The fixed points comprising the line of the outer limits of the
continental shelf on the seabed, drawn in accordance with paragraph 4 (a)(i) and (ii), either shall not exceed 350
nautical miles from the baselines from which the breadth of the territorial sea is measured or shall not exceed 100
nautical miles from the 2,500 metre isobath, which is a line connecting the depth of 2,500 metres.

6. Notwithstanding the provisions of paragraph 5, on submarine ridges, the outer limit of the continental shelf shall
not exceed 350 nautical miles from the baselines from which the breadth of the territorial sea is measured.

This paragraph does not apply to submarine elevations that are natural
components of the continental margin, such as its plateaux, rises, caps, banks and spurs.

7. The coastal State shall delineate the outer limits of its continental shelf, where that shelf extends beyond 200
nautical miles from the baselines from which the breadth of the territorial sea is measured, by straight lines not
exceeding 60 nautical miles in length, connecting fixed points, defined by
coordinates of latitude and longitude.

8. Information on the limits of the continental shelf beyond 200 nautical miles from the baselines from which the
breadth of the territorial sea is measured shall be submitted by the coastal State to the Commission on the Limits of
the Continental Shelf set up under Annex II on the basis of equitable geographical representation. The Commission
shall make recommendations to coastal States on matters related to the establishment of the outer limits of their
continental shelf. The limits of the shelf established by a coastal State on the basis of these recommendations shall
be final and binding.

9. The coastal State shall deposit with the Secretary-General of the United Nations charts and relevant information,
including geodetic data, permanently describing the outer limits of its continental shelf. The Secretary-General shall
give due publicity thereto.

10. The provisions of this article are without prejudice to the question of delimitation of the continental shelf between
States with opposite or adjacent coasts.
I.) ARTICLES 121

PART VIII
REGIME OF ISLANDS
Article 121
Regime of islands
1. An island is a naturally formed area of land, surrounded by water, which is above water at high tide.

2. Except as provided for in paragraph 3, the territorial sea, the

3. Rocks which cannot sustain human habitation or economic life of their own shall have no exclusive economic zone
or continental