Present Perfect
1. Usage:
Personal Experience បទពិសោធន៏ផ្ទា ល់ខួ ្លន
We don’t mention the exact time when the event happened (Unspecified time in the past)
Ex: I have been to Kompong Som Province twice. (Experience = Present Perfect)
I have already bought the DVD player. (Unspecified time in the past)
I bought the DVD player on Monday last week. (Completed in the past = Past Simple)
I went to Kompong Som Province last year. (Completed in the past = Past Simple)
2. Past Participle
a. Regular Verb (-ed, -d, -ied…)
Ex: watch → watched
play → played
b. Irregular Verb
Ex: speak → spoken
buy → bought Regular Verb
3. Form: Auxiliary Verb (have/has) +Main Verb
(V ¿¿ 3)¿
a. Affirmative (Positive): have/has + past participle Irregular Verb
Ex: Ramy has watched this television show.
My friend and I have been to Australia.
b. Negative: have/has + not (n’t) + past participle
Ex: Ramy hasn’t watched this television show.
They haven’t been to Australia.
c. Question:
i. Yes/No Questions: Have/Has + Subject + Past Participle + … +?
Ex: Has Ramy watched this television show?
Yes, she has. watched this television show
No, she hasn’t watched this television show
Have they been to Australia?
Yes, they have.
No, they haven’t.
ii. Wh-Question: Wh-Question Words + have/has + Subject + Past
Participle + … +?
Ex: Where have you been? I’ve gone / been to the supermarket.
Present Perfect
with
“just/already/never/ever/yet”
1. Affirmative Form: Auxiliary Verb (have/has) + “already / just” + Main Verb
(V ¿¿ 3)¿
Ex: I have just watched this television show.
My friends and I have already eaten.
2. Negative Form:
a. Form 1: Auxiliary Verb (have/has) + “never” + Main Verb
(V ¿¿ 3) ¿
Ex: Sopheak has never learnt how to play piano.
Vitou has never failed his exams.
b. Form 2: Auxiliary Verb (have/has) + not + Main Verb + …. + “yet”
(V ¿¿ 3) ¿
Ex: Sopheak hasn’t learnt how to play piano yet.
Vitou hasn’t failed his exams yet.
3. Interrogative Form:
a. Form 1: Auxiliary Verb (Have/Has) + Sub. + “ever” + Main Verb
(V ¿¿ 3) ¿
Ex: Has Sopheak ever learnt how to play piano?
Has Vitou ever failed his exams?
b. Form 2: Auxiliary Verb (have/has) + Sub. + Main Verb + …. + “yet”
(V ¿¿ 3) ¿
Ex: Has Sopheak learnt how to play piano yet?
Has Vitou failed his exams yet?
c. Form 3: Auxiliary Verb (Have/Has) + Sub. + “just” + Main Verb
(V ¿¿ 3) ¿
Ex: Has Sopheak just cut her finger?
Have you just taken my pen?
d. Form 4: Auxiliary Verb (Have/Has) + Sub. + “already” + Main Verb
(V ¿¿ 3) ¿
Ex: Has Sopheak already eaten her cake?
