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Evolution of Planning Thought: History of Town Planning in India

The document summarizes the history of town planning in India from ancient times. It discusses the highly advanced and systematic town planning of the Indus Valley Civilization around 3000 BC, including a grid iron street plan, drainage system, and use of kiln bricks. It also describes the planning principles of the Vedic period up to 400 BC based on social and religious conditions. Finally, it provides a case study of the well-planned ancient city of Madurai in Tamil Nadu from 1500 BC with distinct zones for temples, royalty, and different castes, surrounded by agricultural land.

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Harshita Rana
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39 views8 pages

Evolution of Planning Thought: History of Town Planning in India

The document summarizes the history of town planning in India from ancient times. It discusses the highly advanced and systematic town planning of the Indus Valley Civilization around 3000 BC, including a grid iron street plan, drainage system, and use of kiln bricks. It also describes the planning principles of the Vedic period up to 400 BC based on social and religious conditions. Finally, it provides a case study of the well-planned ancient city of Madurai in Tamil Nadu from 1500 BC with distinct zones for temples, royalty, and different castes, surrounded by agricultural land.

Uploaded by

Harshita Rana
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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LECTURE -3

EVOLUTION OF PLANNING THOUGHT:


HISTORY OF TOWN PLANNING IN INDIA

Subject : Town Planning


Lecture For : B. Arch IX Semester
Lecture By : Dr. Bindu Agarwal
CONTENT

• Last class : The great town planners of Modern age :


• Sir Patrick Geddes , Sir Ebenezer Howard , Clarence Stein , Sir Patrick
Abercrombie , Le-Corbusier, Forms of Planning

Today’s class :
• Evolution of planning thought- Development of town planning in Ancient India
• History of town planning in India : case studies of
• Indus valley
• Vadic
• Madurai
DEVELOPMENT OF TOWN PLANNING IN ANCIENT INDIA
: INDUS VALLEY CIVILIZATION(3000B.C .)

• No one heard about Indus civilization before 1920’s.


• The city had highly advanced system of town planning.
• Population=70000
• Systematically built
• 9’ wide street
• Based on grid iron plan
• Houses were of varying sizes and storeys
• Constructed with brick walls
• Open to sky central court
• Residences has directly entrance opening to streets
• No windows opening on streets /walkways
• They dependent entirely on roofs for lightening and
ventilation
DRAINAGE SYSTEM

• Kiln brick used


• Bathing areas properly designed, effective
drainage system
• Drain through the walk ways connected
to the main sewers laid under main
roads.
• These were manholes located at
different places for cleaning and
inspection
• Common well was provided
2. VEDIC PERIOD ( UP TO 400 B.C.)

• Town planning was done on scientific


planning and through knowledge of
culture social and religious conditions
• First layout the town then the houses
• Architecture deals with many aspects
of town planning such as soil, climatic
conditions, fixing orientation to get
maximum advantage of the sun and
wind, and layout of various types of
town plans such as Dandaka, Swastika,
Padamaka, Nandyavarta ,Prastara ,
chaturmukha, Karmuka
CASE STUDY : MADURAI CITY IN TAMIL NADU STATE

• It is a temple town
• Planned ancient city
• City is surrounded by fertile agricultural
land from the beginning.
• It was founded by Pandya's around 1500
BC.
SETTLEMENT OF
MADURAI TOWN
7
PLANNING
3
1. TEMPLE
2. ROYAL PLACES
3. KSHATRIYAS 2 1
4. VAISHYAS
5. SUDRAS
6. MOAT
4

6
Assignment of PAR- 902/town planning studio
Assignment– 1 (In group of 4 students)

Case study of town planning of Indian cities study from ancient town planning to
present, cover all the silent features such as landscape, climate, population/density,
planning, town centres, public buildings, industries etc
1. Chandigarh,
2. Jaipur,
3. Gandhinagar,
4. Delhi,
5. Bhubaneshwar,
6. Naya Raipur

Note : Power point presentation focusing points on concept, land use, master plan etc. of the city
Next class continues with ……………………………………….....................
Town planning Terminology: Elements of city plan and Distribution of Land

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