CERTIFICATE
Certified that mini project entitled COMPUTATION OF SURFACE RUNOFF
AND DESIGN OF RAIN WATER HARVESTING SYSTEM software is a
confide work carried out in the 7th semester by MRITUNJAY KUMAR in partial
fulfilment for the award of Bachelor of Technology in Civil Engineering from
Noida Institute of Engineering and Technology, Greater Noida during academic
year 2019-2020.
GUIDED BY:-
AMIT BABU
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ABSTRACT
Stream flow representing the runoff phase of the hydrologic cycle is the most important
basic data for hydrologic studies. A stream can be defined as a flow channel into which the
surface runoff from a specified basin drains. Runoff is generated by rainstorms. Its
occurrence and quantity are dependent on the characteristics of the rainfall event, i.e.
intensity, duration and distribution. Runoff can be defined as the portion of the precipitation
that makes it’s way towards rivers or oceans etc, as surface or subsurface flow. Surface
runoff can be generated either by rainfall, snowfall or by the melting of snow, or glaciers
Rain water may be harvested in areas, having rainfall of considerable intensity, spread over
the larger part of the year e.g. the Himalayan areas, northeastern states, Andaman Nicobar,
Lakshadweep islands and southern parts of Kerela and Tamil Nadu.This is an ideal solution
of water problem where there is inadequate groundwater supply and surface sources are
either lacking or insignificant. Rain water is bacteriologically pure, free from organic matter
and soft in nature.
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I would like to express my sincere gratitude to AMIT BABU for his invaluable
guidance.He continuous encourge and support has always been an inspiration and a
source of energy for me. I thank him for all of his valuable time,effort and help.
I would like also like to thank Siddharth JainHOD Civil for their constant
guidance and support to help me completing this project.
Also,my sincere thanks to all the people who were directly or indirectly associated
with the project in any other way.
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TABLE OF CONTENT
TITLE PAGE NO
ABSTRACT……………………………………………………………………….i
ACKONOWLEDGEMENT……………………………………………………...ii
TABLE OF CONTENT…………………………………..……………………..iii-iv
CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION……………………………………………..….01
1.1 RIVER RUNOFF ……………………………………………………….……..01
1.2 CONCEPT OF HYDROLOGICAL CYCLE……………………….. ………..02
1.3 SURFACE RUNOFF……………………………………………….………….03
1.4 TERRESTIAL HYDROLOGICAL CYCLE……………………….………… 04
CHAPTER 2 TYPES OF RUNOFF……………………………………..……….05
2.1 SURFACE RUNOFF………………………………………………..…………. 05
2.1.2 SUB SURFACE RUNOFF……………………………………….…………. 05
2.1.3 BASE FLOW………………………………………………………………. 05
2.2 URBAN FLOODING……………………………………………….………… 06
2.3 FLOOD HYDROLOGY…………………………………………….………….07
2.4 TYPES OF FLOODING……………………………………………..………….07
2.5 CALCULATION OF FLOW INDEX………………………………………….. 08
2.6 THE SURFACE RUNOFF…………………………………………………...… 09
CHAPTER 3 FACTORS AFFECTING RUNOFF……………………………… 10
3.1 METROLOGICAL METHOD………………………………………………..…10
3.2 PHYSICAL METHODS……………………………………………………..…..11
3.3 CLIMATE FACTORS……………………………………………………………12
CHAPTER 4 METHODS OF MEASUREMENT…………………………………13
4.1 MEASUREMENT…………………………………………………………………13
4.2 DETERMINATION OF STREAM DISCHAR…………………………….……..13
4.3 INDIRECT MEASUREMENT OF STREAM FL…………………………………14
4.4 STREAM GAUGING……………………………………………………..……..14
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4.5 FLOAT METHOD…………………………………………………………….……15
CHAPTER 5 DESIGN OF HARVESTING SYSTEM…………………….………..16
5.1 ROOF TOP HARVESTING……………………………………………….……….16
CHAPTER 6 ESTIMATING OF SIZE………………………………………………17
6.1 ESTIMATING SIZE OF SYSTEM…………………………………..…………...18
6.2 DESIGN EXAMPLE………………………………………………….………..…18
6.3 GENERAL DESIGN FEATURES…….………………………………..………..…19
CHAPTER 7 DESIGN OF COMPONENT SYSTEM…………………..……….….20
7.1 ROOFING……………………………………………………………………………20
7.2 GUTTERING AND FIRST FLUSH DEVICE……………………….………..……20
7.3 MAINTAINENCE……………………………………………………………..……20
CONCLUSION…………………………………………………………………..……..23
REFRENCES………………………………………………………………….………..24
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