What this module is about?

Welcome to the world of Handicraft!

This module will help you familiarize with the different tools in embroidery. This module
dwells also on the different embroidery stitches with the given steps.
Have you seen anyone working in a handicraft shop? What did you notice? What
tools does he use to do his tasks? How about the materials, supplies and accessories
he uses? Do you want to know all these things? Good! Move on and enjoy reading.

Your success in this exploratory course on Handicraft is shown in your ability to perform
the performance standards found in each learning outcome.

What you are expected to learn?

This module will help you do these:

 Basic tools and materials in embroidery are identified.

 Different embroidery stitches are performed based on the given steps.
 Proper use of tools is observed

How to learn from this module?

1. Read and understand each lesson well.

2. Follow directions accurately.
3. Perform all the activities in each lesson.
4. Answer the self-check exercises honestly.
5. Answer the pretest proceeding to Lesson 1. Then, answer the posttest later on after
reading all the lessons in this module

If you have questions, don’t hesitate to ask your teacher for assistance.

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 PRETEST

A. Direction: Match column A with column B. Write only the letter of the correct
answer on separate sheet of paper.

1. It is an ornamentation of textiles and a. Crew ell

other materials with needlework.
2. It is used to measure more than one-foot b. Embroidery
distance
3. A tool use for transferring the design c. Gauge
when using pricking and pouncing method.
4. A tool in embroidery that is used to keep d. Needle threader
the fabric stretched while embroidery
stitches are applied on the design.
5. A fine powder used in transferring design e. Pin cushion
by pricking method.
6. A type of needle used for most standard f. Pounce
embroidery stitchery.
7. A tool used to keep pins and needles in g. Stiletto
place
8. It is use for easier threading especially by h. Tapestry
those sewers with poor eyesight
9. Use to protect the middle finger and push i. Tape measure
the needle while doing embroidery work
10. It is used to measure short distances j. Thimble
k. Watercolor brush

B. Multiple Choice. Choose the letter of the correct answer.

1. It is an ornamentation of textiles and other materials with needlework.

A. Sewing C. Embroidery
B. Tapestry D. Knitting
2. It is used to measure more than one-foot distance.
A. stilleto C. Crewell
B.Pin cushion D. Tape measure
3. A tool used for transferring the design using pricking and pounding method.
A. Tracing paper C. Watercolor brush
B. Sewing box D. Pin cushion
4. A tool in embroidery that is used to keep fabric stretched while embroidery stitches are
applied on the design.
A. Stilleto C. Watercolor brush
B. Pin cushion D. Sewing box
5. A fine powder used in transferring design by pricking method.
A. Stilleto C. Embroidery Scissor
B. Tape measure D. Pounce

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 Lesson 1

PRODUCE EMBROIDERED ARTICLE

LEARNING OUTCOMES:
At the end of this Lesson you are expected to do the following:

LO 1. Use basic tools in embroidery; and

LO 2. Create embroidered article

Definition of Terms

Embroidery- the art of designing with needle and thread.

Fabric- any woven, knitted or felt cloth.
Thread- a very fine cord composed of strand or strands of spun silk, flax or cotton used in
sewing.
Design - arrangement of line, form, color and texture with the purpose of achieving order
and beauty.

LEARNING OUTCOME 1

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 USE BASIC TOOLS IN EMBROIDERY

PERFORMANCE STANDARDS

 Basic tools and materials in embroidery are identified.

 Different embroidery stitches are performed based on the given steps.
 Proper use of tools is observed

Read the Information Sheet 1.1 very well then find out how much you
can remember and how much you learned by doing Self-check 1.1.

Development of Philippine Embroidery

Embroidery is the ornamentation of textiles and other materials with needlework

for personal use and decoration not only at home but for offices as well. The term
embroidery is an English word derived from the old French embroiders meaning edge
and border.
Embroidery was introduced into the Orient by the Netherlanders in the 15th
century. It was bought by the Spaniards into the Philippines where it has made a
wonderful growth, and work done it rivals the best work done in Switzerland, a country
noted for its exquisite embroidery.
Embroidery reached its highest development during the middle ages. The nuns in
the convents were the first to make articles with embroidery work during their leisure
time. Since then, it became so popular that women started to enjoy it, creating designs of
their own. In the beginning embroideries were done by hand. But since the advent of
technology and the invention of the sewing machine, people are now engaged in the
machine embroidery.
Today, because of the fast growth of the industry, elegance of designs and
fineness of workmanship, Filipinos export articles with embroidery work. Embroidery work
is best achieved if correct tools and materials are used. Tools refer to small or handy
devices/instruments used in sewing while materials or supplies are those that are
consumed in finishing a project.
Below are the tools and materials use in Embroidery its uses and maintenance.

Tools
Gauge- use to measure short
distance

Tape measure- use for measuring more than one-foot distance

or materials

Thimbles- made from metal or plastic, protect the middle finger

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and push the needle while doing your embroidery work.
This come in sizes 6 (small) to 12 (large)

Embroidery hoop/stiletto- made of wood, bone,

metal or plastic use to make eyelets in the fabric to be embroidered.
It is also used to keep the fabric stretched while
embroidery stitches are applied on the design.
It is advisable to place tissue paper over the inner hoop or twist or
wrap the inner hoop with a thin material to prevent markings on the
fabric.

Embroidery scissor- is small, sharp and pointed-good

for fine work use for trimming scallops,
clipping threads and cutting large eyelets.

Protect the blade by keeping them in a sheath or

cover and get them sharpened
occasionally
Needle threader- is use for easier threading
especially by those sewers with poor eyesight.

Pounce- is fine powder used in transferring

design by pricking method.

Embroidery needle- a short pieces of steel with a fine point at one end
and a little opening or eye at the other. The kind of embroidery work to
do and the kind of thread to use are two things to be considered in
choosing your needle.

Crewell- sizes 1-10 are sharp-pointed, medium length with large eyes for easy threading
they are used for most standard embroidery stitchery.

Chenille- sizes 13-26 are also sharp-pointed needles but they are thicker and longer and
have larger eyes. They are that types of needles appropriate for embroidery that is
worked with heavier yarns.

Tapestry needle- is from sizes 13 -26. They are similar in size to chenille but are blunt
rather than sharp. This makes them best for thread-counting embroidery and for the
needle point as well.

Watercolor brush- use for transferring the design using pricking and pouncing methods.

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Pin cushion- a place for pins and needles.

Tracing paper- used for tracing designs

Sewing box- use to keep together the embroidery tools and materials .

Bag- to keep work clean and fresh, have a bag made from washable material to hold
your work when not busy on it.

Materials

1. Fabric- sometimes referred to as cloth, are of great variety and they differ in material,
weight, weave, design, color, and finish.

Three types of Fabric

Common weave- includes most tightly woven fabrics with a relatively smooth surface like
linen, wool and cotton. They are best used for articles with decorative stitches.
Even-weave- are intended for hardanger embroidery since the number of threads per
square inch is same for both warp and woof.
Basket weave- is commonly used by beginners and ramie linen by those who have been
used to this embroidery. It supplies guidelines for cross stitch and smocking having an
evenly spaced pattern like gingham cloth and polka dots.

All fabrics should be prewashed before using them for quilting or embroidery. The filler
that is used in the fabric can cause havoc if it is not removed by washing prior to working
with the fabric.
2. Thread- is available in various types. They differ in terms of texture, fiber content,
number of strands and colors. Threads are usually coded in numbers and color names.
They can be bought in skeins, balls or spools. The color of the thread should suit the
color and texture of the design and the fabric to be embroiders,

Proper Care of Embroidery Thread

As one of the most essential elements to the stitching process, it's important to ensure
proper and careful care of embroidery thread. Store it properly under controlled
conditions to avoid the following issues:

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Thread dents—when a cone falls onto the floor, the point of impact can “dent” the
thread, resulting in a weak spot (or spots) that can ultimately lead to problems as the
thread travels toward the needle. This is a common problem for those that store unused
cones on top of their machine. Those cones will “walk” across the machine table due to
the vibration of sewing and ultimately end up on the floor.

Discoloring and fading Threads, especially rayon, will fade when exposed to sunlight
for extended periods of time. If your threads are stored on a windowsill or anywhere that
sunlight can strike them full force, you risk fading and discoloring.

Lint buildup—Threads that sit out, exposed to the elements of your shop’s environment,
are prone to dust and lint building up. Over time, such buildup can sink down into the
threads. When the thread travels through the upper thread path, it takes the crud with it,
dispensing it along the way onto critical surfaces (such as tensioners) that need to
remain clean and smooth. The end result will be inconsistent upper thread tension and
possible thread breaks.

Brittleness—In addition to discoloring and fading, excessive exposure to sunlight can

dry out the thread and lead to brittleness in the fibers. Obviously, this will weaken the
thread and lead to excessive thread breaks.

Self-check:

Direction: Describe briefly the use/s of the following tools. Write your answer on your
answer sheet.

1. Tape measure
2. Hoop
3. Needle threader
4. Pounce
5. Chenille
6. Tracing paper
7. Sewing box
8. Bag
9. Gauge
10. Embroidery scissor

Did you set all the answers correct? If yes, very good! You can now move on to
the next lesson.

Information Sheet 1.2

Embroidery Stitches
There are various embroidery stitches which you can choose from when you do embroidery
work. For you to gain more skill on this line, below are the illustration of some of the

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embroidery stitches which will help and guide you as you enjoy working on this lovely craft.

1. Back stitch- the most often used to outline a design. This stitch also forms the base
line for other embroidery stitches

2. Bullion stitch- a single detached stitch that is used for filling in a design area.
Rows of bullion stitches may also be used to outline a design. It is recommended
that one uses a needle with a small eye for ease in pulling

3. Chain stitch- one of the more popular stitches

used for outlining. When worked in close rows,
chain stitches make good stitches for filling the
design area.

4. Cross-stitch- stitched formed by two crossing

arms and may be used for outlining, as borders or
to fill in an entire area.

5. Fish Bone- a kind of filling stitch which is ideal for

making leaves or feathers. It requires us to divide
the pattern into two and each side is filled
alternately giving it a plaited effect in the center,
thus ideal to make leaves or feathers.

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 Lesson 2
Materials and Their Uses

Bamboo, rattan, abaca by-products, and other indigenous materials are important
components in craft making. Out of these materials, one can produce usable and
marketable articles. These materials have different properties. Some are hard and
brittle, soft and pliable, others are fine, coarse, elastic and colorful. Handicraft making
requires different kinds of material to produce quality output.

For your guide, the table below shows various materials and their characteristics
and uses. This will help you identify the specific project you want to make.

Material Characteristics Uses

bamboo  hard  house construction

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  sharp  furniture
 curved spines  novelty items
 baskets, hats
 caning the bottom of
rattan  a vine that has a single stem
chairs
 easily splinted
 chairs and tables
 wallet
 key holder
leather  comes in varied colors and textures
 billfold
 bag
 kitchen articles
 hard  coconut husk used for
coconut shell
 brittle brushes, rugs, floor
 durable mats and doormats
 buttons
 toilet articles
seashell  brittle  handles
 fans
 card cases
 windows
 circular and flat
Kapis shell  decoration
 lampshades
 brush
 thread-like; extracted from mature
fiber  rope
plants
 doormats

Activity 2

Make a collection of local industrial materials available in your community. List

down products/articles that can be made out of these materials.

Self-check:

Fill-up the table with the correct information on the given material.

Material Characteristics Uses

fiber

bamboo

rattan

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 leather

coconut shell

Lesson 3

Handicraft Supplies and Accessories

To enhance the appearance of handicrafts, supplies and accessories are used.

Simple products look elegant and expensive if accessories are used properly. In this
lesson, you will develop creativity in designing handicraft projects using various
accessories.

Below are various supplies and accessories that can be used in making handicraft
products.

wires
glue/stick pearls
glue

rope glitters

Paint/(acrylic)
flower and beads
ribbon

Activity 3

From the various handicraft products, you have seen, such as bags, lampshades,
flower vases, and others, list down the accessories commonly used in each product.

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 Self-check:

Answer the question below:

1. What supplies and accessories can be used to enhance the appearance of handicraft
projects? Cite some examples.

Lesson 4
Fundamental Processes in Handicraft Making

Do you know the fundamental processes in handicraft making? This lesson

discusses the processing and treatment of materials before making them into useful
products. Bamboo, for example, is treated to make it look desirable. Following are some
of the fundamental processes involved in handicraft making.

1. Preserving and treating bamboo

To preserve its natural beauty, bamboo is treated in various ways. An example of

this is the resin-oil extracting method. This method uses either the wet or dry
process. In the wet process, the bamboo is soaked overnight in a solution of 0.1% to
1.2% caustic soda or carbonate of soda or boiled in the solution for 10-15 minutes.

In the dry process, bamboo poles are evenly heated over charcoal at a
temperature of 49C to 54C for 20-30 minutes.

2. Bleaching

The process of whitening or removing color by sunlight exposure, air ventilation or

through the use of chemical solution is called bleaching. Materials needed for
bleaching are five to six tablespoons of salt, 16 liters of water and 5 liters of 50%
hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), Volume 40.

Bleaching is done in bamboo. Bamboo is submerged in a container filled with

water, hydrogen peroxide and salt solution. The bleaching solution is allowed to boil
for an hour. Excess chemicals are washed off and the bamboo is dried under the
sun.

3. Dyeing

Dyeing is the process of applying color into the material. Direct dyeing or reactive
dyeing may be used.

In direct dyeing, vegetable dye is used on the bamboo splints. The bamboo
splints are immersed in dyed boiling water until the desired color appears, then they
are dried under the sun.

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 In reactive dyeing, the following materials are used: 30% of dye , 30 grams of salt
per liquid, and fixing agent of 30 grams per liquid. The dye is dissolved in water and
diluted to the final volume. The bamboo splints are soaked for 10 minutes, then salt
is added and dyeing is continued for an hour. The dyed materials are soaked in
running water and dried in the shade.

Activity 4

Practice dyeing and bleaching various materials used in handicraft.

Self-check:

Write C if the statement is correct and W if not.

_____ 1. The resin-oil extracting method is done through either the wet or the dry
process.
_____ 2. In reactive dyeing, bamboo splints make use of vegetable dye.
_____ 3. In bleaching bamboo, the solution is left to boil for an hour.
_____ 4. Dyeing is the process of applying color into the material.
_____ 5. In reactive dyeing, dyed materials are soaked in running water and dried under
the sun.
_____ 6. Processing and treatment are done before making the materials into useful
products.
_____ 7. In the dry process, bamboo poles are evenly heated over charcoal at a
temperature of 49C to 54C for an hour.
_____ 8. In dyeing, bamboo splints are soaked for 30 minutes.
_____ 9. The amount of salt needed for bleaching is 10-15 tablespoons.
_____ 10. Bleaching means whitening or removing color by exposing the materials to
sunlight.

LET’S SUMMARIZE

 Identifying common hand tools and power tools used in handicraft making will
make your work easier and faster. You can easily select the tools suited for
your project.

 Knowing the characteristics of industrial raw materials used in handicraft

contributes to a better job because the kind of project you will make depends
on the characteristics of the material to be used.

 Applying appropriate supplies and accessories enhances the appearance of a

project.

 Processing and treating handicraft materials will make them desirable. Various
processes such as dyeing, and bleaching should be properly observed to
preserve the beauty of industrial materials.

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 POSTTEST

Directions: Fill-in the blank with the correct word or group of words to complete each
statement.

1. A thread-like matter extracted from mature plants is called ______________.

2. The process of whitening or removing color by sunlight is known as
_______________.
3. A type of saw used to cut wood across its grain is ________________.
4. The handicraft material that comes in varied colors and textures is ______________.
5. A measuring tool marked with the English or metric systems of measurement is
____________.
6. The process of applying color to materials is called ______________.
7. The handicraft material that is used in house construction, furniture making, and other
novelty crafts is ____________.
8. The “wooden hammer” is sometimes called _______.
9. A tool used for drawing lines, marking off points in measuring, lining fine construction
materials and boring holes is called ____________.
10. The process of applying color into the material is known as____________.

Test II
Jumbled Letters
Form words out of the jumbled letters given below:

Clue: Supplies and accessories in handicrafts

1. REWI
2. EGUL
3. NTIAP
4. RSIGELTT
5. OREP

ANSWER KEY

Pretest
Test I: Multiple Choice

1. b 6. a
2. a 7. c
3. c 8. a
4. d 9. b
5. b 10. c

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Test II: Jumbled Letters

1. paint
2. rope
3. wire
4. glue
5. glitters

Lesson 1: Self-check

Matching Type
1. j
2. a
3. c
4. i
5. h
6. b
7. e
8. d
9. f
10. g

Lesson 2: Self-check

Materials Characteristics Uses

fiber extracted from mature plants brush, rope, doormats
bamboo hard, sharp curved spines house construction, furniture,
novelty items
rattan single stem baskets, hats, chairs, tables, caning
easily splinted the bottom of chairs
leather comes in varied colors and textures wallet, key holders, billfold, bag
coconut shell hard, brittle kitchen articles, doormats, rugs

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Lesson 3: Self-check Test II – Jumbled Letters

Different supplies and accessories that 1. wire

can be used to enhance the appearance 2. glue
of handicraft projects. 3. paint
1. paint 4. glitters
2. rope 5. rope
3. wire
4. ribbon
5. flowers
6. glitters
7. pearls
8. beads
9. glue
10. lace

Lesson 4: Self-check

1. C
2. W
3. C
4. C
5. W
6. C
7. W
8. W
9. W
10. C

Posttest

Test I – Fill in the blanks

1. fiber
2. bleaching
3. cross cut saw
4. leather
5. ruler
6. dyeing
7. bamboo
8. mallet
9. scratch awl
10. dyeing

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