Professional Practices
Lecture 7
Agenda
Computing Core
Skills
Problem Solving
• Problem solving is a mental process and is part of the larger problem
process that includes problem finding and problem shaping.
• Problem solving is a key skill.
• There are five basic steps in problem solving:
1. Defining the problem.
2. Generating alternatives.
3. Evaluating and selecting alternatives.
4. Implementing solutions.
5. Monitoring of situation.
Continue…
• Root Cause Analysis seeks to identify the origin of a problem. It uses a
specific set of steps, with associated tools, to find the primary cause of
the problem, so that you can:
1. Determine what happened.
2. Determine why it happened.
3. Figure out what to do to reduce the likelihood that it will happen
again.
Decision making
• Decision making can be regarded as the mental processes (cognitive process)
resulting in the selection of a course of action among several alternatives.
• Decision making lies under problem solving.
• Difficult decisions typically involve issues like these:
➢Uncertainty - Many facts may not be known.
➢Complexity - You have to consider many interrelated factors.
➢High-risk consequences - The impact of the decision may be significant.
➢Alternatives - Each has its own set of uncertainties and consequences.
➢Interpersonal issues - It can be difficult to predict how other people will
react.
Continue…
• There are six steps to making an effective decision:
1. Create a constructive environment.
2. Generate good alternatives.
3. Explore these alternatives.
4. Choose the best alternative.
5. Check your decision.
6. Communicate your decision, and take action.
Imagination
• The formation of a mental image of something that is not perceived as
real and is not present to the senses, "popular imagination created a
world of demons"; "imagination reveals what the world could be"
Quotation:
"Imagination, the supreme delight of the immortal and the immature,
should be limited. In order to enjoy life, we should not enjoy it too
much"
Innovation
• Innovation is a process by which an idea or invention is translated
into a good or service for which people will pay.
• Discovery: the act, process, or an instance of discovering
• Relationships(creativity & innovation)
➢Creativity form nothing to something & innovation shapes that
something into product and service
➢Creativity bring something into being & innovation bring
something into use
Creativity
• Creativity refers to the phenomenon whereby a person creates
something new (a product, a solution, a work of art etc.) that has some
kind of value.
• Having the ability or power to create.
• Human beings are creative animals.
Analytical Ability
• Analytical skill is the ability to visualize, articulate, and solve
complex problems and concepts, and make decisions that make sense
based on available information. Such skills include demonstration of
the ability to apply logical thinking to gathering and analyzing
information, designing and testing solutions to problems, and
formulating plans.
Logical Thinking
Logical thinking is like , how we see
things outside us, depends on how
things are inside us.
Professional Practices
Lecture 8
Agenda
Prioritize
Organize
Excellence
Success
Prioritize
• Do
• Delegate
• Delay
• Delete
Prioritize
• Address the urgent
• Accomplish what you can early
• Attach deadlines to things you delay
Organize
Learn when to say “NO”
• You can’t do everything
• Don’t undertake things you can’t complete
• Remain consistent to your goals
Excellence
Brought maximum Outcome from given resources
Success
• Success is Satisfaction
• Success is relative not absolute
• Celebrate your Success
Celebrate Your Success
• Celebrate the achievement of your goals to maintain a
healthy balance in life between work and play.
• Reward yourself when you complete a task or finish a
project.
• If you worked in a team setting, or delegated some
tasks to others, reward the efforts of all involved.
• Celebration is a vital part of all project management.
No matter how tight your schedule looks, this is TIME
WELL SPENT!
Professional Practices
Lecture 9
Agenda
Brain Storming
How we generate ideas?
• Idea generation and idea evaluation are different processes. if both of
them happen at same time then we cannot generate ideas.
• Two techniques of generating ideas:
1. Brainstorming
2. Brainwriting
Brainstorming
• Brainstorming is a group or individual creativity
technique by which efforts are made to find a conclusion
for a specific problem by gathering a list of ideas
spontaneously contributed by its member(s).
• Brainstorming is a popular tool that helps you generate
creative solutions to a problem.
Brainstorming
Typical problems with traditional brainstorming:
• The one who is the loudest is heard the most
• The one who is documenting the contributions is unable to fully
participate
• The one who is documenting the contributions has editorial power
• We don’t know what to do with the ideas once we get them
Brainwriting
• Brainwriting, however, gives everyone equal opportunity to
participate, and it enables all group members to think without any
‘blocking.
• Brain Writing Process:
• Make a team
• Give each member a paper to write ideas
• Now these papers will be passed to each other member who will
contribute to the above written idea of other member.
• This process will be continue for a specific given time
• At the end best idea will be selected which includes participation of
all members while rotating the papers.
