SAINT THERESA COLLEGE OF TANDAG, INC.

Senior High School Department

The Micro Business of Tandag City Boulevard: Its Problem and Status

A Research Paper

Presented to

The Faculty of Senior High School Department

Saint Theresa College of Tandag Inc.

In Partial Fulfillment

of the Requirement in ABM Strand

Research Output

Submitted by:

Vangie Bandoy

Elmer Apilan

Angelyn Garrido

Krishlaine Pahit

Irish Tubay

Arabela Datiles
 SAINT THERESA COLLEGE OF TANDAG, INC.
Senior High School Department
Tandag City, Surigao del Sur

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Title Page

CHAPTER 1: THE PROBLEM AND ITS SETTING

Background of the Study

Theoretical Framework

Conceptual Framework

Statement of the Problem

Significance of the Study

Scope and Limitation of the Study

Definition of Key Terms

CHAPTER 2: REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES

RELATED LITERATURES

Foreign

Local

RELATED STUDIES

Foreign

Local

INSIGHTS GAINED
 SAINT THERESA COLLEGE OF TANDAG, INC.
Senior High School Department
Tandag City, Surigao del Sur

CHAPTER 3: THE RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

Research Design

Research Locale

Research Respondents

Sampling Technique

Research Instrument

Data Gathering Procedure

THE PROBLEM AND ITS SETTING

Background of the Study

Micro businesses in the Philippines can be defined according to the size of

assets, size of equity capital, and number of employees. A typical micro business is a

business that employs nine people or fewer, with assets of ₱3 million and below.

In the Philippines, about 90 percent of all businesses are categorized as micro

businesses. This consist of enterprises engaged in industry, agribusiness and or

services, whether single proprietorship, cooperative, partnership or corporation. Their

total assets, inclusive of those arising from loans but exclusive of the land on which the

particular business entity’s office, plant and equipment are situated, have value of not

more than ₱3 million.

Of all micro businesses, about 46 percent are involved in the wholesale, retail and

repair business; 27.6 percent are in the accommodations and food service; 13.5 percent

are in manufacturing; while 12.5 percent are engaged in other service categories.

The functions of a small business work in harmony to help the business achieve both

short-and long- term goals. Some common business functions include marketing,

production and accounting. Marketing develops pricing strategies and garners

costumer’s feedback. Production works to ensure products are in line with company

standard and distributed efficiently. Accounting manages the budget and prepare
 SAINT THERESA COLLEGE OF TANDAG, INC.
Senior High School Department
Tandag City, Surigao del Sur

financial statements. Other functions include those related to human resources and

research and development.

Recently, food businesses has become popular business and had increased rate in

business sector. It has made rapid competition among them. Tandag City Boulevard is

one of the famous tourist spot in City of Tandag which located in Mabua faces the

Pacific Ocean. There are lots of food stalls which provided different kinds of food.

Because of this, many people in Tandag City might confused where to buy and some

vendors have less income.

In this regard, the researchers of this study aims to determine the problems and status

of Micro Businesses in Tandag City Boulevard.

Theoretical Framework

Frederick W. Taylor (1856-1915) was among the first to study worker productivity and

how best to optimize it. Taylor, who had a background in mechanical engineering,

conducted controlled experiments that led him to develop four principles of scientific

management known as "Taylorism." These principles recommend that the scientific

method be used to determine the most efficient way to perform a task in the workplace

instead of simply relying on the judgment or personal discretion of workers.

As food systems planning field has budded, practitioners are developing tools to assist

in the assessment and process of building strong food systems.  Practitioners are

increasingly utilizing Food Systems Assessments (FSAs) to evaluate the food systems

cycle from inputs to production, distribution, processing, consumption, and waste

management.  This evaluation tool, which has taken many forms, is typically used to

measure the assets and needs in communities, municipalities and regions with regard

to food security, productive capacity of the land, and economic development.  FSAs can

be valuable tools for better understanding of the social, economic, regulatory and

political context of the food system and can point to opportunities for improving the food

system with community intervention through policy making. FSAs can be useful in

creating a common understanding of the food system and a shared vision and plan for

developing a more sustainable food system.

Conceptual Framework

A conceptual framework is an analytical tool with several variations and context.

In can be applied in different categories of work where an overall picture is needed. It is

used to make conceptual distinctions and organized ideas. Strong conceptual

frameworks capture something real and to this in a way that is easy to remember and

apply.

The first box in the input it include the statement of the problem about the study

of the micro business of Tandag City Boulevard: its problem and status. The second

box is the process it is an action that produce something or that lead to a particular

result. Lastly, is the output it is the result of the problem or it might be the solution of the

study
 SAINT THERESA COLLEGE OF TANDAG, INC.
Senior High School Department
Tandag City, Surigao del Sur

Statement of the problem:

This study aims to determine the problems and status of Micro Business in

Tandag City Boulevard.

Specifically, this study seeks to answer the following:

1. What are the problems of Micro Businesses in Tandag City Boulevard facing

right now?

2. . What is the status of Micro Businesses in Tandag City Boulevard?

Significance of the Study

The importance of this study is to gain more knowledge about the problems that

Micro Businesses of Tandag City Boulevard facing today and their status now and in the

future. Moreover, it serves as a reference for further studies about the problems and

status of Micro Businesses. Specifically, this study will be beneficiary to:

Society This study helps to explore and understand the problems and status of the

vendors whom selling food in Tandag City Boulevard.

Department of Education When proven effective, this study might also be used for

reference as basin for further studies.

Vendors Give knowledge on how to enhance and solve such common problem.

Scope and Limitation

In this study, the researchers are only limited in all food stalls of Tandag City

Boulevard. This study is primary focused on the problems and status of the Micro

Businesses in Tandag City Boulevard.

Definition of Key Terms

The following terms are conceptually and operationally defined for better

understanding of the readers.

Micro. Comes from the Greek mikros, “small.” Is an extremely small thing. Things are

so small you can’t see them, or reduced to a very small scale.

Micro Business. Are companies with annual sales and assets valued at less than

$250,000 per year and with fewer than five employees, including the owner. A

subcategory of small business, micro enterprises develop in a variety of industries; they

may later grow beyond their foundation, or stay the same size for the life of the

company.
 SAINT THERESA COLLEGE OF TANDAG, INC.
Senior High School Department
Tandag City, Surigao del Sur

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES

Firms earning a return on investment which is less than the opportunities cost of capital

Friedland & Morris (1976:7). Small business failure: the inability to satisfy principal

stakeholders’ aspirations Jennings & Beaver (1995:192). Business failure involves an

involuntary change in both the ownership and management of the business owing to

poor performance Shepherd (2003:319). It has been said that specific success

strategies used in one business may not work for another; as all businesses, like

people, are different (Hand, Sineath, & Howle, 1987). According to Zetlin (1994), small

business owners feel that having a good product is most important, however, other

means of achieving success include a commitment to quality and to the customer,

innovation in marketing, being flexible when change is needed, maintaining good

supplier/customer relationships, and hiring good people that can be empowered.

The failure (or death) of a business can result in one or more “modes” or outcomes –

dissolution, liquidation, bankruptcy, or even unplanned acquisition. Any one of these

outcomes is equated to firm failure (Salazar (2006:1). Bates (1995) reports that of the
 SAINT THERESA COLLEGE OF TANDAG, INC.
Senior High School Department
Tandag City, Surigao del Sur

90,000 small businesses surveyed (formed between 1984-1987), approximately 65% of

the franchise firms were still in operation in 1991, while 72% of independent small firms

were still operational. Small businesses are vital to the economy of any developing

country. It provides the potential of employment, income, experience, and training. And

of course, it contributes to the country’s GDP.(Natividad, 2015). The Philippine business

environment undoubtedly is characterized as having a boom and bust cycle. It has not

been able to take off as compared to its neighboring countries (Lim, 1999).

A study by Beckman and Marks (1996) found that business experience was a factor in

the success of small firms. Another study by Costa, 1994, indicated that strategic

planning contributes to long-running success for businesses. Other factors for success

include quality, customer focus, innovative marketing practices, flexibility and employee

empowerment (Zetlin, 1994). Filley and Pricer (1991) defined several tools for small

business success. These included good management techniques, such as appropriate

operating strategies, leadership and time management. Other tools were good financial

management and pricing strategies, motivational strategies for employees, and

ensuring only those employees with ability are hired. Studies that have looked at

appropriate management and financial planning and skill development of managers

were conducted by Ibrahim and Goodwin (1986), Montagno, Kuratko, and Scarcella

(1986), Hofer and Sandberg (1987), Lumpkin and Ireland (1988), and Susbauer and

Baker (1989). These studies also looked at environmental factors and entrepreneurial

characteristics as factors in business success.

INSIGHTS GAINED
 SAINT THERESA COLLEGE OF TANDAG, INC.
Senior High School Department
Tandag City, Surigao del Sur

As a researcher this study will investigate the possible result of the problem and there

are some author’s stated their different perspective about this study. There may be

failures of micro businesses: involves an involuntary change in both the ownership and

management of the business owing to poor performance, and the inability to satisfy

principal stakeholders’ aspirations. And there are also several tools for micro business

success: good management techniques, such as appropriate operating strategies,

leadership and time management.

THE RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

This chapter contains descriptions of research design, research locale, research

instrument, respondents, and validation of instrument, data gathering procedure and

statistic treatment.

Research Design
 SAINT THERESA COLLEGE OF TANDAG, INC.
Senior High School Department
Tandag City, Surigao del Sur

In this study, the description survey was employed in gathering data. The

researcher used survey questionnaire check list to collect data from the vendors. And

finding some interest services using various kind of reading materials like books related

to microbusiness which one of the most important factors to make up all this research

study.

Research Locale

The study was conducted in Tandag City Boulevard.

Research Respondents

The proponent selected the vendors of Tandag City Boulevard to be the respondents of

the study, preferably the food stalls vendors of Tandag City Boulevard.
 SAINT THERESA COLLEGE OF TANDAG, INC.
Senior High School Department
Tandag City, Surigao del Sur

Sampling Technique

Purpose sampling will be used in this study so that we could make use of all the
data efficiently. The respondents were selected based on the judgment of who has best
qualify in answering the specific questions of the research. Best qualifiers were
respondents who actually often experience the despoiled of the said factors affecting
them in their study

Research Instrument

The questionnaire will be the major instrument used in this study so that we are

secure despondence to certain questions. The questionnaire that was used in this study

was designed to obtain information about the problems and status of the vendors.

Open-minded questions will be used to give the respondents the opportunity to give

their responses and suggestions .The questionnaire will prepare by the researcher was

develop by reading reference materials and related about the problems and status of

micro businesses.

Data Gathering Procedure

After the validation of the instrument, the researcher secured a permission from the

customers from the vendors of micro businesses in Locality of Tandag City to conduct a

survey to be given and answered by them. After given permission, the researcher

explained the purpose of the study to the selected respondents correspond to their

predefined criteria. After finalizing the questionnaire to the respondents, they are

requested to answer the question base on their opinion. After a respondents taken the

questions, the papers will checked, tallied, interpreted and analyse by the researcher.
SAINT THERESA COLLEGE OF TANDAG, INC.
Senior High School Department
Tandag City, Surigao del Sur
SAINT THERESA COLLEGE OF TANDAG, INC.
Senior High School Department
Tandag City, Surigao del Sur