WATERPROOFIN

G
MATERIALS
Dr.SUDARSAN J.S
 WHAT IS WATERPROOFING?
• Waterproofing in building construction is the process of making a structure
water-resistant or impervious to the ingress of water.
• Waterproofing is essential as it prevents water from penetrating buildings
and helps to keep the interior areas dry.
• It helps in reducing the humidity inside the building, minimising the damage
done to furniture and alike.
IS CODE FOR WATERPROOFING
(ISI): 3067 : Code of practice for general design, details and preparatory work
for damp proofing and waterproofing of buildings.
• In areas that experience high annual rainfall and occasional flooding
events, water proofing is a must.
• It is important for basements and foundations to be waterproof especially
in areas where the ground water table is high.
• In the case of high water table, water in the soil is likely to exert
hydrostatic pressure on the basement floor and walls.
• This can force the water through the cracks, which can result in structural
damages along with moisture-related problems such as mold, mildew and
decay.
 POLYMER MODIFIED
BITUMEN
Bitumen is one of the earliest and popular forms of waterproofing as it moves
with the structure and does not allow the water to come inside the structure. Use of
relevant polymers make them UV resistant and excellent choice of waterproofing.

COATINGS
• More flexible and elastic
• Their elastic recover is high and are best suited for cooler climates.
• Better resistance to fracture over a wide range of temperature and moisture
variations.
• Provide protective coating after curing time of 690 days
• Cracks under weathering action
• Black in colour and therefore not pleasing in appearance
 Area of Application
• Water proofing of roof slabs,
foundation, basements, floors and
underground structures , storage
tanks, etc.
• Heavy duty of roof coating in
new or old construction.
• Water proofing of domes shells.
 FELTS
• Treated or reinforced felt sandwiched between polymer
modified bitumen layers.
• Laying by pour of roll method and joints sealed by flow
torch.
• It behaves like a continuous membrane.
 Area of Application
• It is used in roofs and basements
which requires protection on top
with grit/sand from UV rays of
sun.
 PREFABRICATED ELASTIC
MEMBRANE
• Polymeric bitumen reinforced with non woven plastic fabric.
• Provided with a thin polyurethane film on outer surface.
• Life of 5-15 years.high crack resistant and heat resistant.
 Area of Application
• Terraces
• Water tanks
• Swimming pools
 EPOXY COATINGS
Epoxy Waterproofing is a two component epoxy resin based waterproofing compound. One
part is consisting of epoxy resin and the other part with curing agent. After mixing both the
parts it can be thinned down with water. It possesses all the attributes of normal solvent
based epoxy compositions such as excellent water and chemical resistance, adhesion,
hardness, toughness and mechanical strength.

• very good adhesion and bonding properties.

• Resistant to more of the chemicals.
• cannot withstand expansion or contraction.
• water thin epoxy coating cannot used for external walls.
 Area of Application
• Used as waterproofing, damp
proofing.
• used in water tanks, floors,
swimming pools, treatment
plants.
• for grouting of cracked CC/RCC
elements.
 POLYURETHANE
Polyurethane is made up of two components, base and reactor. Polyol acts as
the base, while isocyanide is the reactor component. The combination of
both these in a specific design ratio creates a liquid coating for waterproofing

applications. Polyurethane is a rather popular choice due to its ease of

installation. Unlike other waterproofing systems like sheet membranes and
liquid applied membranes, this polyurethane application requires
comparatively less skill and supervision. Application is fast and this type of
treatment can be used for post construction applications aswell.
 Advantages
• Easy and fast installation
• seamless finish
• Long term durability and
wear resistant
• UV and weather resistant
• Resistant to alkaline
cleaners, battery acid and fuels
 SILICONE
• Waterproofing joints is an important consideration when fabricating metal projects that will
be exposed to rain, submerged underwater, or assembled near water. To keep water and air
out, a breathable, water-resistant sealant is used to fill gaps while still allowing for expansion
and contraction. Silicone is one of the most frequently used sealants to achieve a waterproof,
protective joint seal.
• Silicone is a synthetic polymer made up of silicon, oxygen and hydrogen or carbon. Synthetic
is the keyword here, as silicone is an inorganic substance that will not deteriorate, at least not
as quickly as other sealants like polyurethane. This is especially important when keeping a
metal fabrication project watertight is critical for the long term.
• Silicone’s high heat resistance is better suited than polyurethane for extreme temperature
changes, which can cause joints to expand and contract, and silicone’s flexibility allows for
movement as the joints expand and contract.
 CEMENTIOUS
WATERPROOFING
Cementitious waterproofing system is cement based modified with acrylic
polymers. While the cementitious materials provide the tensile strength,
polymers improve elastic and adhesion properties. This makes the coating
elastic and prevents water ingress to make it suitable for a waterproofing
system. Cementitious coatings are popular due to their ease of application
and easy availability at any building product stores. In addition to
waterproofing, these coatings can also enhance the durability of an existing
surface.
 • Good bonding with the
existing surface
• Easy application
• Availability of materials at
most of the building material
stores
• High wear and tear
resistance

Used in terrace walls water tanks

effluent, treatment plants, lagoons
etc.
EPDM RUBBER MEMBRANE
EPDM (Ethylene, propylene, diene terpolymer )Rubber is a very effective
material for waterproofing your roof. It’s a synthetic rubber material that can
be used for an abundance of situations. It is a class M rugged that is made
using ethylene and propylene. While it is commonly associated with
silicone, the two materials are extremely different. EPDM rubber is primarily
used to provide a waterproof coating to roofs. It works great for this purpose.
 Advantages
• UV resistance
• Can withstand thermal
variations
• Extremely flexible.
• Durability
• Impact and tear resistant
• Widely used and proven
system
 PVC MEMBRANE
PVC (polyvinyl chloride) membrane is a plasticized membrane reinforced with
polyester mesh or glass fiber. The resultant membrane is highly flexible with
good tear resistance and impermeable qualities.
This type of waterproofing material is going to feature a reinforcing base.
The base is normally made of glass fiber or polyester mesh. While it is
mainly used for roofs, it’s also commonly used for tunnels, swimming pools,
and underground structures.
It’s water resistant. You can guarantee that it is going to keep the water out.
It is also vapour permeable and this will prove to be a big benefit.
 Advantages

• Insensitive to thermal
variations
• High durability and long
life
• Widely used and proven
system
 INTEGRAL
WATERPROOFING
Unlike methods that can be applied after concrete pour, Integral
waterproofing makes the concrete impervious by adding chemical
admixtures during the concrete making. There are three types of integral
waterproofing systems based on the process by which the admixture
achieves waterproofing.
• Hydrophobic admixture based
• Densifying admixture based
• Crystalline admixture based
 • Hydrophobic admixture based: Cement contains calcium ions. The water-
repellent or Hydrophobic admixtures like Sika 1+ reacts with the calcium ions to form a
water-repellent within the pores and blocks the pores. This process makes the concrete
less absorbent of water and prevents water ingress.
• Densifying admixture based: Concrete can be produced with a low water-cement
ratio by using a densifying admixture making a less permeable and low absorption
concrete. This process makes the concrete waterproof.
• Crystalline admixture based: The crystalline admixtures forms crystalline
composites and blocks the capillary pores. This process makes the concrete waterproof.
The crystalline waterproofing system works in a system where there are certain insoluble
crystals which block the water bearing capillaries. This is a cement based system and is
commonly used for the terrace gardens, balconies, basements, bathrooms, water tanks and
other water bodies.
 Advantages
• Damage to the surface will not alter waterproofing properties.
Whereas, in all other kinds of waterproof coatings, utmost care is
required not to damage the protective coating.
• Does not require a separate schedule for waterproofing activity
resulting in savings to project completion time.
 IMPORTANCE OF
WATERPROOFING
• Moisture and Humidity knows very well to find its way and seep into the interiors of your
place thereby causing significant damage. It is very important to waterproof your home or
building from all possible damage.
• No waterproofing can lead to the development of cracks, paint peel off and even molds,
mildew and air contaminants.
• It is also a great risk for the structure and foundation of the building. Not only for the
building, it can also create health problems for the inhabitants.
• In buildings using earth sheltering, a potential problem is a too much humidity, so
waterproofing is critical.
• Properly waterproofing foundation walls is required to prevent deterioration and
seepage.
THANK YOU !!!!