GEOGRAPHY
HOLIDAY
HOMEWORK
URVI KOCHHAR 9A
COVID-19 is an infectious disease caused by the
recently found virus known as SARS-CoV-2 (or
coronavirus ) which has caused a worldwide
pandemic of respiratory illness.
COVID-19
HISTORY OF CORONAVIRUS
9th century BC
3000 BC 2400 BC
The oldest common ancestor of
coronavirus has been dated as far Delta coronavirus Alphacoronavirus
back as the 9th century BC.
Gamma coronavirus
Beta
coronavirus 2800 BC
3300 BC
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
(SARS-CoV-2) causes COVID-19
• SARS-CoV-2 is a new virus.
• The first cases were identified in
people with pneumonia in
Wuhan, China, in late December
2019.
• It probably started in animals but
is now spreading between people.
• As this virus is new, we are
learning more all the time, and
what we know now may change.
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How is COVID-19 spread?
• Most people are being infected from
other people, when in close contact.
• It probably spreads the same way as
colds and flu – through droplets which
are created when we talk, cough and
sneeze.
• People in close contact can get infected
when these droplets enter the nose,
eyes or mouth or when the infected
droplets are inhaled.
• Touching contaminated objects puts the
droplets onto your hands. If you touch
your face the droplets can enter your nose
eyes / mouth.
• Infected people with minimal or no
symptoms can spread COVID-19.
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Symptoms start like many other illnesses
Common symptoms
include:
• Fever
• Cough
• Sore throat
• Fatigue
• Shortness of breath
Symptoms start about one day after exposure but,
can persist upto 14 days. Most people develop
symptoms within 5-6 days.
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It can also cause many other symptoms
• Headache / muscle aches
• Sudden loss of sense of smell and taste
• Runny/stuffy nose
• Diarrhoea
• Rash
•Some people have no
symptoms, most have a mild illness. It can be
severe and sometimes fatal.
Many patients recover fully in about 2 weeks. In
others, some symptoms like breathlessness and
fatigue may continue for weeks and months.
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INFOGRAPHICS
TIREDNESS HIGH FEVER
The body feels The body temperature
completely tired, can exceed 37.3 Celsius
without energy degrees
DIFFICULTY IN BREATHING
DRY COUGH
Breathing actually
Constant coughing
feels more difficult
without expelling
any mucus
ASYMPTOMATIC
PEOPLE
Many people infected with
COVID-19 show mild
symptoms, especially during
the first stages of the disease.
Thus, you can still catch the
disease from an infected person
who only has a mere cough and
does not feel ill.
ANTIBIOTICS DO NOT WORK
AGAINST CORONAVIRUS
Are you ready for COVID-19?
Prepare Prepare yourself and your family:
Monitor the situation. Know your local health helpline
Monitor numbers and be aware of the local procedures.
Ensure you have access to essentials such as
Ensure food, water, household supplies and medicines.
Speak to your doctor about any chronic medical conditions
Speak you may have, and get them under
optimal control.
Keep in best possible health. Get the recommended amount
Keep in of sleep each day, eat a healthy diet, and keep up regular
physical activity.
Influenza
Consider how you will manage if authorities
Consider impose restrictions for a couple of weeks.
Vaccine
Plan Plan to be able to look after a sick household member.
Get the flu shot – this will reduce the risk of seasonal flu and
Get possible confusion with COVID-19 symptoms.
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Reduce the spread of
Prevention infection
Wear a face mask (or cloth
covering nose and mouth) in when
in public.
If you have any symptoms even if
only mild, stay home. Seek medical
advice following local guidelines.
Wash your hands frequently with
soap and water.
Use alcohol-based hand sanitizer
when soap and water are not
readily available.
Cover your coughs and sneezes. Do
not use your hands, instead use a
tissue or your upper sleeve.
Immediately throw the tissue in a
bin and wash your hands.
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PREVENTION
• Work from home, where possible.
• As far as possible, use private transport.
Avoid public transport.
• Keep away from people who are sick – don’t
let them cough or sneeze on you.
• Avoid visiting hospitals and other medical
facilities unless you need medical care.
• Maintain social /physical distance – keep 1-2
meters (3-6 feet) away from others, even if
they appear well.
• Maintain social distance when greeting
visitors. Avoid shaking hands, kissing or
hugging.
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Before wearing a mask, wash your hands with an alcohol-based disinfectant
Wash or with soap and water.
Cover your mouth and nose with the mask and make sure the mask is firmly
Cover pressed against your face.
Do not touch the mask while you are wearing it; if you do, wash your hands
Do not touch with an alcohol-based disinfectant or with soap and water afterward.
Replace Replace the mask as soon as it gets wet and do not reuse disposable masks.
Remove the mask from behind (do not touch its front side); throw it away in
Remove a closed container and then wash your hands with an alcohol-based
disinfectant or with soap and water.
DONT’S
Reduce Reduce the spread of infection
Avoid touching shared objects (light switches, handrails, door handles etc) as
Avoid much as possible. If you must touch such objects, wash your hands or use
sanitizer promptly afterwards. Ensure you do not touch your face.
Clean and disinfect frequently touched surfaces each day, more often if you
Clean and disinfect think they’ve been contaminated. Use normal cleaning supplies.
Do not share Do not share food, drinks and personal items including mobile phones.
Do not travel Do not travel if you are sick.
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What to do if you get sick ?
• Stay home if you have mild symptoms. Do not go to
work.
• Minimize contact with people in the household until
you have recovered. Monitor your condition. Follow
local guidelines for self-isolation.
• Cover your coughs and sneezes – use a tissue or a
mask if available – and wash your hands with soap
and water.
• Seek medical attention if your symptoms worsen.
Make an appointment.
• Wear a mask in case you need to visit a doctor. Use
private transport as much as possible.
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Coping with stress during
the COVID-19 outbreak
COVID-19 can be stressful, the effects can be both
physical and emotional.
• Focus on the facts of COVID-19 and
understand the risk to yourself and those you
care about.
• Separate facts from rumors. Gather
information from reliable sources.
• Find time to unwind. Connect with friends
and family.
• If stress continues to hamper your daily
activities, talk to a doctor, or someone you
can trust.
Keep yourself in the best possible health. Sleep
well, eat healthy and be physically active.
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ABOUT 80% OF
PEOPLE RECOVER
FROM THIS DISEASE
WITHOUT NEEDING
SPECIAL TREATMENT
“We cannot
say this
loudly
enough or
DR. TEDROS ADHANOM clearly
enough or
GHEBREYESUS, WORLD often
HEALTH ORGANIZATION’S enough: All
countries
DIRECTOR GENERAL SAYS- can still
change the
course of
this
pandemic”
Please keep this slide for attribution
