Lesson 1: Historical Antecedents that Changed the Course of Science and Technology

Activity 1: Pre- Assessment

1. B
2. B
3. A
4. C
5. B

Activity 2: Creating a Timeline

Activity 3 : Importance of Science and Technology

 1. Why is it important to study the history of science and technology?

ANSWER:
It is important to study the history of science and technology it is because
this serves as the foundation of what we know in today’s time. It helps us in
making ourselves more creative and productive in utilizing science and
technology. It is how we develop ourselves in making things that will help us in
our lives and also turn creations of the mind into reality.

2. What is the implications of the science and technology to the society?

ANSWER:
The implications of the science and technology to the society is all about
change. Because of science and technology, opportunities are being offered to
the society and we venture in the world of business, innovations, politics, talents,
healthcare, research and many more. It’s all about filling the gaps of knowledge
and we share it to everyone so we are not the only one who benefits but the
society also will.

3. What pushes people to invent different technologies?

ANSWER:
People invent different technologies because of necessity, curiosity and
creativity. We check first if our ideas are not yet existing so that we can call it our
own and original work. We try to research and find solutions in our problems. We
invent because we wanted things to be much more easier like how technologies
help us. Also invention can be a solution and source of happiness to others.
Activity 4: If I were an Inventor…

1. What is your invention? What does it do?

ANSWER:
Vital Signs Scanner- You could easily get the vital signs of the patient in
just 1 second. You will just directly place the device in front of the patient using
the sensor inside the device without direct contact and you will look into the
small screen showing all of the vital signs of the patient. You caj save the data
gathered and can search the patient’s name if you want to view the data again.

2. How is your invention similar to or different from existing tools or technologies in

terms of functions?

ANSWER:
Since there are existing scanners for vital signs, my invention is like all in
one. There are thermal scanners, oxygen saturation devices etc. But mine is
collecting vital signs in just a snap and only one device is used.

3. Why is there a need for this invention? How will this invention make the world a
better place to live in?
ANSWER:
There is a well-know saying “necessity is the mother of invention”. Well I
agree because in today’s time, we wanted to have a convenient and easy life so
we think of ideas that will help us in our everyday lives. It is how people think
outside the box and being creative in making things that will amaze a lot of
people. It could make the world a better place to live in by making ourselves more
productive in life and we can be the key in helping others by introducing our
creations and can make them happy as well.

Activity 5: Self-Assessment
Kindly put a check on your honest response given the learning skill.

Learning Outcomes

with Not Sure Confused

confidence Though
Identify the paradigm shifts
in history.

Explain how scientific and

technological developments
affect society and the
environment.

Activity 6: Post- Assessment

1. B
2. A
3. B
4. A
5. B
 GE 7 – Science, Technology, and Society

Lesson 2 : Intellectual Revolutions that Defined Society

Activity 1:
Watch the video entitled “Scientific Revolution: Crush Course European History”

1. What is scientific revolutions?

ANSWER:
Scientific revolutions refers to historical changes in thought & belief, to
changes in social & institutional organization, that unfolded in Europe There are
developments in mathematics, physics, astronomy, biology (as well as human
anatomy), and chemistry altered societal views on nature.

2. When did the scientific revolution started?

ANSWER:
Scientific revolutions started in Europe between roughly 1550-1700;
beginning with Nicholas Copernicus (1473-1543), who asserted a heliocentric
(sun-centered) cosmos, it ended with Isaac Newton (1642-1727), who proposed
universal laws and a Mechanical Universe.

3. What is the relevance of scientific revolution to the society?

ANSWER:
The scientific revolution led to profound changes in our understanding of
how the world works, and our perception of how we might seek new knowledge
about the world. It makes us understand events are not absolute and anything
can be discovered and shared with all of the people worldwide.

Activity 2: Anticipation Reaction Guide

If you agree with the statement, put a check under the " I AGREE" column, and if you
oppose the statement put the check on the "I DISAGREE" column. DO NOT answer yet
the fourth column. Again, this part of the module is non-graded.
Statement After the lesson, I learned that…
I
I
DISAGRE
AGREE
E

1. The pre- I There is no evidence of technology

mechanical age AGREE but people are just utilizing nature
is the age in for their everyday lives like
which there communication through drawings.
were no kinds
of computer
systems.
2. Mayan I Mayan civilization is considered
civilization is DISAGRE one of the most scientifically
considered one E advanced societies in
of the most Mesoamerica.
scientifically
advanced
societies in
Middle East.

3. According to I Copernicus said that the planets

Copernicus, AGREE have the Sun as the
the Sun is the fixed point to which their motions
center of the are to be referred.
solar system.
4. The I Geocentrism is the belief that the
Copernican DISAGRE Earth is fixed at the centre of the
Revolution E Universe. Geocentrists accept that
introduced the the earth is round.
concept of
Geocentrism.
5. Charles Darwin I Theory of Evolution by Natural
published the AGREE Selection
book entitled This theory has two main points:
The Origin of 1. "All life on Earth is connected
Species. and related to each other“
2. "Modifications of populations by
natural selection,
where some traits were favored in
 and environment over others”
6. An intellectual I It will transform societies through
revolution AGREE critical-thinking, evaluation, and
emerges as a creating appropriate rules for equal
result of the opportunity. It is a continuous
interaction of process of development to achieve
man and the needs of society. The
society collaborations of great minds make
the world peaceful and progressive.
7. Muhammad ibn I Muhammad ibn Musa Al-Khwarizmi
Musa Al- AGREE introduced Hindu-Arabic numerals
Khwarizmi and the
founded the concepts of algebra into European
“al-jabr” which mathematics.
is also known
as Algebra.

8. Intellectual I Intellectuals are the brave ones

revolutions are AGREE who transform our society open for
often met with humane changes and not just open
huge support but embrace it too.
and general
acceptance.

9. Aside from I India is famous in traditional

countless DISAGRE medicine called Ayurveda.
contribution in E
technologies,
China is also
famous in
traditional
medicine called
Ayurveda.

10. The Darwinian I This has brought a great impact on

Revolution AGREE how people approach biology
changed the endlessly.
way people
understood
 nature and
evolution.

Activity 3: Group Activity

The class will be divided into four groups. Each group will be assigned one random
topic from the four scientific revolutions discussed in this lesson. Your group shall create
a PowerPoint presentation that demonstrates your understanding of the scientific
revolution that is assigned to your group. Use the rubric below to guide you in doing
your presentation. SUBMIT THIS OUTPUT SEPARATELY.
Rubric for Group PowerPoint Presentation

Criteria 4 3 2 1
Introduction The introduction The The There is no
(Organization) is inviting, introduction introduction clear
states the main clearly states states the main introduction of
topic and the main topic topic, but does the main topic
achieves and achieves not adequately and the
purpose purpose, but is achieve the purpose is not
(includes a not particularly purpose of the achieved
heading) inviting to the paper nor is it
reader particularly
inviting to the
reader
Support for Relevant, Supporting Supporting Supporting
Topic (Content) telling, quality details and details and details and
details give the information are information are information are
reader relevant, but relevant, but typically
important one key issue several key unclear or not
information that or portion of the issues or related to the
goes beyond storyline is portions of the topic
the obvious or unsupported. storyline are
predictable. unsupported
Transitions A variety of Transitions Some The transitions
(Organization) thoughtful clearly show transitions work between
transitions are how well; but ideas/concepts
used. They ideas/concepts connections are unclear or
clearly show are connected, between other nonexistent.
how but there is little ideas/concepts
ideas/concepts variety. are fuzzy
are connected
Conclusion The conclusion The conclusion The conclusion There is no
(Organization) is strong and is recognizable is recognizable, clear
leaves the and ties up but does not tie conclusion, the
reader with a almost all the up several paper just
feeling that they loose ends loose ends ends.
understand
what the writer
is "getting at."

Activity 4: Collaborative Work (ANSWERED IT SOLO)

1. What is the intellectual revolution that occurred in China, India and Africa?

ANSWER:
In China, are good at in medicine, astronomy, science, mathematics, arts,
philosophy, and music among others in which they influenced neighbor
countries. They are known for traditional medicines like utilizing plants and
animals in curing illnesses. They are known to develop many tools in terms of
technology. They also made significant records on supernovas, lunar and solar
eclipses, and comets that were recorded and preserved. They observed heavenly
bodies to understand weather changes, used lunar calendars and known for
seismology. Their discoveries and inventions were well know yet it may have
been the religious and philosophical framework of Chinese intellectuals that
made them unable to accept the ideas of laws of nature.
In India, they are known for manufacturing iron and metallurgical works.
They have their own system of traditional medicine or known as “Ayurveda”.
Because of cheap vaccines and other drugs, India established itself in entering
the international pharmaceutical industry.
In Africa, it has natural and mineral resources and science emerged in this
part of the planet long before the Europeans colonized it. The ancient Egyptian
civilization contributed and made significant advances in the fields of astronomy,
mathematics, and medicine. Geometry helped to preserved the layout and
ownership of farmlands of the Egyptians and was utilized in building structures.
These early science activities helped to improve the quality of life of the
Egyptians. Egypt was known to be a center of alchemy. They studied anatomy,
pharmacology, and treatment of diseases. Astronomy was also famous in the
African region (three types of calendars: lunar, solar and stellar).Early inhabitants
uses the Lebombo Bone from the mountains between Swaziland and South
Africa, it is a tool for multiplication, division and simple mathematical equation
 2. Who are the key figures in the revolution?

ANSWER:
Key leaders in 20th century revolutions: Mao Zedong of China, Ho Chi Minh
of Vietnam, Gandhi of India, Sukarno of Indonesia, Nasser of Egypt, Ataturk of
Turkey, and Khomeini of Iran

3. How did the revolution advance modern science and scientific thinking at the
time?

ANSWER:
Since this was the time of growing scientific ideas and discoveries, people
are more into thinking because of necessity, creativity, curiosity and also the
influence of other countries. It was characterized by an emphasis on abstract
reasoning, quantitative thought, an of how nature works, the view of nature as a
machine, and the development of an experimental scientific method.

4. Why is intellectual revolutions are necessary in understanding how society is

transformed by science and technology.

ANSWER:
Intellectual revolution was the time of enlightenment when the
developments in the fields mathematics, physics, astronomy, biology, and
chemistry bloomed. And because of that, people changed their vision towards
science and incorporate it with their daily lives. It gave people the skills in critical
thinking, experimenting and obtaining data from those.

5. What controversies occur during intellectual revolution?

ANSWER:
The discoveries of Aristotle, Descartes, Galileo, and Newton are all
astronomical for the time period considering how little was known before this
scientific revolution.many examples of arguments made by prevalent and
intelligent scientists during this time that had no basis in science whatsoever and
were for the most part just blatantly not true. Some of these examples include:
Copernicus arguing that the sun deserves to be in the center because it is so
noble, Kepler invoking the beauty of the platonic solids to explain the
organization of the planets, Galileo’s inability to get past circular orbits, and
Francesco Sizzi arguing by analogy there couldn’t be more than 7 planets.

Activity 5: Concepts Check Point

 1. What are the distinct differences among the four ages in information
technology?

ANSWER:
 Premechanical
The premechanical age is the earliest age of information technology.
humans first started communicating they would try to use language or
simple picture drawings known as petroglyths which were usually carved
in rock. Early alphabets were developed such as the Phoenician alphabet.
 Mechanical
It is the time when we first start to see connections between our current
technology and its ancestors and a lot of new technologies are developed in
this era as there is a large explosion in interest with this area like mechanical
computer, slide ruler, and difference engine.
 Electromechanical
Known as the beginnings of telecommunication. The telegraph, Morse code,
telephone, first radio, first large-scale automatic digital computer was
developed in these times.
 Electronic
This is the era that we currently live in starting from 1940.The ENIAC was the
first high-speed, digital computer capable of being reprogrammed to solve a
full range of computing problems. This computer was designed to be used
by the U.S. Army for artillery firing tables.

2. How does the ICT play an important role in innovation?

ANSWER:
ICT plays an important role in innovation because it serves as a path
towards success. For example, being an entrepreneur and creating a
product needs to be advertised to be well-known by people so ICT can do
the trick. Another example would be a food business shared their products
by posting it on social media and some provided a negative feed back so
the business owner can create another recipe to improve and satisfy the
customer’s cravings. It goes to show that ICT can be a platform for you to
achieve your goals and help you share your skills and abilities to everyone.

Activity 6: Self-Assessment
Kindly put a check on your honest response given the learning skill.
Learning Outcomes
 with Not Sure Confused
confidence Though
Articulate ways by which
society is transformed by
science and technology.
Explain how intellectual
revolutions transformed the
views of society about
science and technology

GE 7 – Science, Technology, and Society

Lesson 3: Science and Technology and Nation Building

Activity 1 :

1. For you, what is the greatest invention?

ANSWER:
For me the greatest invention is the discovery of the PENICILLIN by the
Scottish Scientist Alexander Fleming in 1928, this drug transformed medicine by
its ability to cure deadly diseases. It it’s the beginning of the antibiotic era.

2. In what ways this invention affected the society?

ANSWER:
Since microorganisms specifically bacteria affects our body, this helps the
society to cure many deadly illness and through the years, it transforms and
helps us in the present day to fight these diseases and save peoples lives.

3. What variables you think that influenced the inventor to create such technology?

ANSWER:
The main variable is that back in his time there was no effective antibiotic
at all and since he is a physician and a microbiologist, he is inspired to find one
of the greatest answer to fight the deadly diseases that leads him to his discovery
of Benzylpenicillin or penicillin G.

Activity 2:
1. What can you say about the Philippine government policies pertaining to science
and technology?

ANSWER:
Since there is a pandemic on today’s time I think the Philippine
Government will start to focus proper budgets for Science and Technology since
many Filipino Scientists might have a great idea that can change the world but
there is no enough fund to support researches that can lead to a new discovery.

2. If you are to change one of the government policy discussed in this lesson, what
is it and why would you change it?
ANSWER:
For me, I won’t change anything but I would like it to have improvement
which is the Medical, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences. I want it to improve
because there are still products that are being distributed without having
processes in FDA and they should have more stronger security in checking the
products that are entering in our country.
3. Which sector do you think the government should pay more attention in terms of
science and technology development? Why?

ANSWER:
The DOST should pay more attention on Science and Technology
development. With the help of Science and Technology, it can save the economy
and create new things that can change the world. There are many aspiring
scientists nowadays but sometimes they abandon their dreams because no one
pays attention on giving them financial support, even the government. We can
see that many of the wealthy countries also advances in Science and
Technologies.

4. Look for a private schools with outstanding science education programs. Identify
and compare their science education program with the public science schools
discussed in this lesson.

ANSWER:
In comparison, private schools gives a better offer in science education
programs. One of the reason is that these schools has more tools, equipment’s,
and laboratories that can be used to help the student experience and understand
more the different topics of Science and Technology. And some of these schools
offers recommendations in the future if you graduate with an excellent
performance. On the other hand, most public schools have shortage when it
comes to tools and facilities that impacts the learning of the students.

Activity 3: Famous Filipino Scientist

Name of Filipino Scientist Invention and Discoveries

Roberto del Rosario Karaoke
Fe del Mundo Medical Incubator
Eduardo San Juan Moon Buggy
Dr. Abelardo Aguilar Erythromycin
Gregorio Zara Video Phone:
 Diosdado Banatao Computer Microchips
Dr. Rodolfo Aquino Isolated Rice Breeds
Dr. Enrique Ostrea Drug Detection
Agapito Flores Florescent
Francisco Quisumbing Quink Ink

1. Name of Filipino scientist: Agapito Flores Invention: Florescent

a. How did their invention and discoveries impact the society?

ANSWER:
It is a very huge invention back in the days and through time it is now
known as the most commonly used lighting device in the whole world. It’s also
called the one that made the whole world brighter.

b. Did this invention supported by the government? How?

ANSWER:
Yes, by making deal with the inventor they invest to have mass production
and make the invention known all over the world.

2. Name of Filipino scientist: Roberto del Rosario Invention: Karaoke

a. How did their invention and discoveries impact the society?

ANSWER:
Karaoke now a days is a big hit used in almost every household for
entertainment singing and dancing their favorite songs its most famous here in
the country. It’s a Simple invention that is loved by every Filipinos.

b. Did this invention supported by the government? How?

ANSWER:
Not much because this invention is not that big of a deal that can impact
the whole world its most purpose is to give entertainment.

3. Name of Filipino scientist: Eduardo San Juan Invention: Moon Buggy

a. How did their invention and discoveries impact the society?

ANSWER:
His invention is well known it is used in moon and used during the Apollo
12 landing on the moon. His invention main purpose is to explore the moon.
 b. Did this invention supported by the government? How?

ANSWER:
It is highly supported by the government because it is a huge invention that
helps the NASA in exploring the unknown parts of the moon. And it pays off
because the Apollo 12 is a successful mission on moon.

Activity 4:
Title of the Article you read :
THE CONCEPT OF THE PUBLIC GOOD: A VIEW FROM A FILIPINO PHILOSOPHER
A. Difficult Concepts
a. Public good is for the general public. The two levels of public good: 1 st
level is coming from the people themselves. It can be beneficial to most if
not to all of them. This includes selfish own interests to get those benefits
and also there is a recognition of unity or working together. The 2 nd level is
coming from the local or national government. They have projects that
includes the common welfare. This includes national defense, education,
public health,public ports/airports and highways, social services, postal
services, and the like.
b. However, there are projects that benefit only the national public but not the
communal people. This is the issue that rises because if a certain project
is pushed through without thinking of the communal people, traditions,
loss of their ancestral lands, relocation problems especially if their
environment will be at stake.
c. In terms of National Public Good, it can be distinguished by (1) pursued by
the national public with or without help of the local and national
government. (2) It is pursued by the local or national government. The
issue here is that there are programs that the society cannot implement
due to financial issues that’s why the government pursues.
d. The public good is pursued by the private (economic) sector in which they
can have a profit. It can be related to Homo economicus which shows that
only personal needs are satisfied. If we are gonna talk about the public
good, it can be related to Homo politicus which means serving others not
only oneself.
e. The private sector goes after a public good when they see it affordable
and profitable even if external riders would come their way. They can also
participate with the government for as long as it will give them profit that
 will satisfy them.
f. The government will go after a public good through its own initiative when
it believes that that public good can be had with financial reasonability for
the welfare of the general public. Whenever there is an election,
candidates only go for the votes but not for the welfare of the people and
corruption happens.
g. Public good is viewed as mixed the private organizations or civil societies
goes after a public good through their own drive when they recognize that
the government cannot do it for them, but they also think that by collective
effort with little or even there is no help from the government, they can
carry out the project for the sake of communal, organizational, or national
welfare.
h. Externality refers to any benefit that a private or public person may enjoy
or experience as a free rider, either from a private,public, or mixed good.

B. Learning Insights

a. Before reading the article, I thought that public good is only on the hands
of the government. Especially here in the Philippines, we are too much
scared in opposing the government so we just share posts, bash
government officials, and we just simply cannot do such rallies because
we are not heard. Our voices are like hidden in a cave and some just
choose to be blind and to not speak when it comes to political issues.
Also, there are people who choose to support the government even if it is
not good for everyone and having too much dependence on our officials
which is not right. The government should listen to its people and try to
take good actions that will benefit every single Filipino and they must end
corruption before karma hits them.

However, after reading the article, I learned that a country will not work to
achieve a better nation without the help of one another. It is important to
include everyone in maintaining positive welfare of the people. The
government should always hear the people’s voices and always keep in
mind that they are serving the people, not their own pockets.

Activity 4: Self-Assessment of your Readiness to do Performance Task

Kindly put a check on your honest response given the learning skill.
Learning Outcomes
 with Not Sure Confused
confidence Though
Identify the contributions of
the Filipino scientists in
science and technology.
Identify actual science and
technology policies of the
government and appraise
their impact on the
development of the Filipino
nation.

Evaluate government
policies pertaining to
science and technology in
terms of their contributions
to nation building.

Activity 5: Performance task (PROJECT)

1. You will divided into groups with 5 members each.
2. Each group shall submit their output on or before September 11, 2020 at 12MN.
The Department of Science and Technology (DOST), Department of Trade and Industry
(DTI), and the Department of Information and Communications Technology (DICT),
adopt and promulgate the rules and regulations of Section 19 of Republic Act No. 11337
or the "Innovative Startup Act." This RA 11337 aims to create new ideas, new
developments, new products, business models, or services that are then spread,
transferred, or commercialized. You shall act as a researcher, engineer, business
analyst, and a sociologist. You are task to innovate, it can be a product, a process, or a
service that is new or improved that has a social, economic, and environmental impact.
To present your output, create a pamphlet of your work and convince the directors of
DOST, DTI, DICT to make use of your innovative idea. SUBMIT THIS SEPARATELY.