UNIVERSITY OF SAINT ANTHONY
(Dr. Santiago G. Ortega Memorial)
City of Iriga
College of Criminal Justice Education
Kelly Warner L, Conde
QUESTIONS:
1. What is the basic concepts of protective lightings?
2. Why is it that protective lighting should not only rely as a psychological deterrent?
3. What are those protective lightings significance to security forces, enumerate those three
4. Types of security lightings elaborate those four
5. Enumerate general types of lighting sources and give its description
6. What is an alarm, give its full definition
7. What are the three parts of an alarm system
8. Types of sensors for perimeter intruder detection systems, enumerate the following
9. Give atleast three perimeter protection which could be done through any of the following intrusion
alarming devices
ANSWERS:
1. Protective lighting is the continuing illumination at nighttime, a degree of protection that is
maintained during daytime. These are also considerable value such as deterrent to thieves and
vandals and make the job of the saboteur more difficult than it is now.
2. It should be used on a perimeter fence line only where the fence is under continuous or periodic
observation
3. -Reduction of the need for security forces.
-Personal protection for forces by reducing the advantage of concealment and
surprise for a determined intruder.
-Relieved security forces could be used to better advantage elsewhere.
4. Stationary Luminary (Continuous)- most common type consisting of services of fixed luminous to
flood a given area continuously with overlap.
Stand-by Lighting- similar to continuous lighting but in turned on manually or by special
device or other automatic means, when there is suspicion of entry.
Movable Lighting- consists of stationary or portable, manually operated
search lights which may be lighted continuously during gours of darkness or only an needed and
usually supplementary to either of the first 2 types.
Emergency Lighting- a stand-by lighting which can be utilized in
the event of electrical failure, either due to local equipment or commercial power failure.
5. Incandescent lights have low initial cost and provide good color rendition.
Mercury Vapor lamps emits a purplish-white color caused by an electric current passing
through a tube of conducting and luminous .
Metal Halide is similar in physical appearance to mercury vapor, but
provides a light source of higher luminous efficiency and better color rendition.
Fluorescent Lamp provides good color rendition. However it
cannot project light over long distance; thus, it is not desirable as flood type lights.
High-pressure Sodium vapor is introduced in 1965, for
exterior lighting of parking areas, roadways, building, and industrial and commercial installation. It
emits golden white to pink color. Low-pressure Sodium vapor produces yellow color.
Quartz Lamps produce very bright light.
6. Alarm is designed to alert security personnel at consummated or attempted intrusion into an area,
building or compound. Alarms are not meant to prevent criminal acts. Each type of alarm is
activated in the event that an intruder tampers the circuitry, a beam or radiated waves. Alarms
can be electrical, mechanical or electronic.
7. -Sensor or Trigger Device
-Circuits which carries messages to the signaling apparatus
-Signaling system, sometimes called enunciator
8. -Infrared Rays
-Passive Infrared Motion Detectors
-Active Infrared Motion Detectors
-Ultrasonic
-Microwave
-Video
UNIVERSITY OF SAINT ANTHONY
(Dr. Santiago G. Ortega Memorial)
City of Iriga
College of Criminal Justice Education
9. Door Switchers- These are installed on a door or window in such a way opening the door or
window causes a magnet to move from a contact switch that activates the alarm.
Glass Break Detectors- These are attached to the glass and sense the breakage of the
glass by shock or sound.
Metallic Foil (window tape) – it is widely used to detect glass breakage in
show windows, door and transom (casement). When the glass cracks and breaks the foil it
interrupts the low-voltage electrical circuit and activates the alarm.
