Olvasott szöveg értése

Task 1
You are going to read some interesting information from different areas of science. In
which text (A-D) can you find the information (1-7)? Write your answers in the boxes.
There is an example (0) at the beginning.

Different Areas of Science

A
Seahorses bob about clumsily in water, they have no teeth, and their main food source - a tiny
crustacean called the copepod - is highly elusive. So how does this upright swimming fish
manage to capture 90 percent of the prey it pursues? It's all in his head, says marine biologist
Brad Gemmell. He found that the seahorse's snout allows it to come in for the kill without much
disturbance in the water. "People see seahorses as slow and passive," says Gemmel, "but in
reality they are very effective predators."

B
Until Galileo came along in the early 1600s, people thought the moon was an unblemished
sphere. His crude telescope revealed shifting shadows, which the astronomer correctly
interpreted as mountains, craters and valleys. As it turns out, mountains appear all over the
solar system. Spacecraft orbiting the inner planets have sent back images and bounced laser
beams and radar waves off their surfaces to measure heights. In the early 1970s Apollo
astronauts sampled rock on lunar highlands. Unmanned missions to the outer planets show giant
peaks on the asteroid Vesta and the moons of Jupiter and Saturn.

C
A century ago, Americans were standing taller than Europeans. But today they look up to
Norwegians, Danes, Swedes, Czechs, Belgians, Germans, and the Dutch who now lead the
pack. In a study John Komlos reports average American height began to level off in the 1950s
while Europe saw a steady spurt. He excluded U.S. Asians and Hispanics and anyone born
outside the country. His explanation: Europe's health care system. Height stems from genetics,
diet, and health; good prenatal care and nutrition in early childhood yields taller, healthier adults.

D
A dog wags its tail to express emotion. Now researchers have begun to interpret :ertain tail
movements. When viewed in slow motion, wagging back and forth - commonly thought to
signal happiness - actually leans more to one side or the other. when A recent study found that
wags to the right imply that a dog is excited, such as when viewing an owner or a friendly dog.
Wags to the left reveal nervousness, often around perceived threats. By watching closely, some
dogs can recognize each other’s moods based on subtle flicks of the tail.
0) This animal swims in a strange way.

1) Healthy nations are usually tall.

2) The landscape of planets is varied.

3) It is a very successful hunter.

4) Scientists slowed movements to examine them.

5) The difference in height started more than fifty years ago.

6) Animals can read each other's movements.

7) It is possible to measure mountain height in the solar system.

0) 1) 2) 3) 4) 5) 6) 7)
A
Task 2

You are going to read a newspaper article about traffic in the future. Parts of some
sentences are missing. Choose the most suitable part from the list (A-J) for each gap (8-
15). There is one extra part that you do not need to use. Write puranswersin the boxes
after the text. There is an example (0) at the beginning.

Big Cities, Big Ideas: Getting Around In the Future

According to the United Nations, Earth's population will increase from 7.3 billion people today
0) _________________by 2050. Simultaneously, the proportion of humans 8)
_____________is expected to jump from 54 percent to 66 percent. That means the world's cities
will gain 9)_____________ in the next 30 years or so. Most cities are unprepared for today's
crowds, 10)_______ . Infrastructures are overtaxed and aging, 11) ___________ than roads. In
the short term, automated cars might actually make traffic worse as they give more people
12)________________. A recent study suggests that a robotic taxi service could help reduce
traffic and 13) _______________.What would this future world look like? Is it realistic? And
how far away could it be? So what's the solution? It may depend from city to city. Some forward
thinkers propose 14) ______________ with raised mass transit systems like a Hyperloop, aerial
cable cars or high-speed electric pods. Others see potential in 15) ____________- just supported
with big data from cars, mobile devices, traffic signs, nearby buildings and even the pavement
itself. What do you want to see your local urban centre build?

A) to 9.7 billion people

B) probably much more

C) especially to such a big increase

D) our roads as they stand

E) cut down on greenhouse gas emissions

F) more pedestrian-friendly

G) who live in urban areas

H) getting transportation off the ground

I) access to roadways

J) an extra 2.4 billion people

0) 8) 9) 10) 11) 12) 13) 14) 15)

Read this article about a great grandmother and then read the statements (16-23)
following it. Mark a sentence A if it is true according to the article. Mark it B if it is
false. Mark it C if there isn’t enough information in the text to decide if the sentence
is true or not. Write the letters in the white boxes next to the numbers as in the example
(0).

GREAT GRANDMOTHER, 83, SETS UP ONLINE BUSINESS

Jean Robson, 83, from Slough set up her online business Handmaid, selling hand-made
personalised gifts, at the end of last month and orders are already coming in. While others may
be enjoying the quiet life in retirement, the 83-year-old is happiest in her work. She said: "I
have exceptionally good health and I’m exceptionally fit. I would be bored out of my mind if I
did nothing. I’m much fitter than most people 20 years younger than me. I live healthily, I grow
my own food and don't smoke."

Before she moved to Slough, she lived in Burnham and ran her own shop – Handmaid – for 17
years. Now the website allows Jean to run her 'one-man-band' business from home, where she
has lived since her husband died.

Jean, who has two children, four grandchildren and two great grandchildren, said: "Basically
all I like doing is working. My job is what I would do as a hobby anyway. I never thought it
would really take off but within a week of getting the website up and running I got my first
order and I’ve had more since." She added: "The technology doesn't frighten me, I've been
using a computer for quite a few years now."

Jean makes the gifts herself for births, christenings, weddings, anniversaries, birthdays and
Christmas. Her most popular ranges include babies' cot quilts, cushions, make-up bags and
greeting cards.

0) The 83-year-old lady has recently started her online business.

16) The business sells only second hand books.

17) Jean has a lot of fruit trees in her garden.

18) She does not have any employees.

19) She has lived in Slough all her life.

20) From the start she was sure her business would be successful.
21) She got her first computer from her children.

22) She is worried about using computers.

23) Jean’s products can make good presents for special occasions.

0) A
16)
17)
18)
19)
20)
21)
22)
23)
Task 4

Read this text about an inventor and his new software. Some parts of sentences have
been left out from the text. Your task is to reconstruct the story by filling in the gaps
(24-29) from the list (A-H) below. Write the letters in the white boxes next to the
numbers as in the example (0). Remember that there is one extra letter that you do
not need.

GET IT? GOT IT. GOOD!

Thanks to an invention by software developer Liam Kaufman, educators now have a better way
to know (0) _______________ .

Understoodit is a web-based application (24) ______________ . When students load the tool
on their smartphones or laptops during class and click a red “Confused” button, their input
automatically registers on the professor’s computer, showing what percentage of the class is
lost. The teacher can re-explain things in the hope students will hit the green “Understood”
button, (25) _____________ .

Kaufman tested the software in three computer science classes in February 2012. He says
students found the tool useful – perhaps because it minimizes the fear of looking stupid in class
(26) ____________ .

But the application was especially well received by the professors, (27) ______________ .
Quickly spreading news about it led to inquiries from 2,800 educators worldwide within a few
months. Kaufman invited 200 of them to try his prototype. With the help of another software
developer, he used results from the expanded test to improve the service, (28) ____________ .

He launched the tool in August and is keeping it free for students; he’s charging teachers a
monthly fee of $3, but those (29) ______________ .

A) which now includes a new feature that lets teachers get

feedback from all students

B) which then shows the professor what percentage has

understood the material

C) if they’re getting their point across in the classroom

E) that lets students anonymously express their confusion in class

F) when they had to do tests

G) when asking questions

H) who said they liked getting instant feedback

0) C
24)
25)
26)
27)
28)
29)