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Enlightenment: Faith vs. Reason

This document discusses the historical context surrounding faith and reason during the Age of Faith, Middle Ages, Age of Reason, Renaissance and Enlightenment. It led to problems in searching for the method and foundations of science. Specifically, it examines the approaches of Anselm and Aquinas who took an ontological and cosmological approach to proving God's existence. It then analyzes Rene Descartes' philosophy of radical doubt, innate ideas and his distinction between thinking and extended substances. Finally, it outlines John Locke's empiricism including his views on ideas, qualities, and the limits of knowledge.

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Cris Carry-on
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41 views1 page

Enlightenment: Faith vs. Reason

This document discusses the historical context surrounding faith and reason during the Age of Faith, Middle Ages, Age of Reason, Renaissance and Enlightenment. It led to problems in searching for the method and foundations of science. Specifically, it examines the approaches of Anselm and Aquinas who took an ontological and cosmological approach to proving God's existence. It then analyzes Rene Descartes' philosophy of radical doubt, innate ideas and his distinction between thinking and extended substances. Finally, it outlines John Locke's empiricism including his views on ideas, qualities, and the limits of knowledge.

Uploaded by

Cris Carry-on
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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PHILOSOPHY TOPIC II

FAITH, REASON, ENLIGHTENMENT

(A) Background: Historical-social context


1. The Age of Faith (Middle Ages)
2. The Age of Reason (Renaissance/Enlightenment)
3. Problems generated
a) Search for Method and Foundations for a new science
b) Rationalism vs. Empiricism
c) Can we have Knowledge of;
a. God
b. Self
c. Corporeal Nature (External World)

(B) Anselm and Thomas Aquinas


1. An Ontological approach to the existence of God
2. A Cosmological approach to the existence of God

(C) Rene Descartes: Rationalism


1. Radical doubt
2. Innate, Apriori, Clear and Distinct Ideas
3. Truth as Coherence
4. The Efficient Cause of ideas
5. Thinking and Extended Substances

(D) John Locke: Empiricism


1. Simple and Complex ideas
2. Sensation, Reflection, Aposteriori
3. Primary and Secondary Qualities
4. Truth as Coherence
5. Causal theory of Perception
6. Limits and Degrees of Knowledge

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