KALASALINGAM ACADEMY OF RESEARCH AND EDUCATION

(Deemed to be University)
Anand Nagar, Krishnankoil – 626 126.
OFFICE OF THE CONTROLLER OF EXAMINATIONS
CIV18R6011 - Industrial Waste Water Management
Online Assessment -MCQ - Question Bank Report

Questions in Unit-1

Topic: Industrial activity and Environment

429088 Which of following produces more wastewater against it consumption

Options - Correct answer: 2

(1) Agricultural
(2) Industrial
(3) Reservior
(4) None of the above

429089 % of fresh water sources available for agricultural, industrial and domestic sectors
Options - Correct answer: 1

(1) 1
(2) 5
(3) 10
(4) None of the above

429090 Which of the following are major attributes for increas in water demand from 1900s to 2000s
Options - Correct answer: 3

(1) Climate change

(2) Deforestation
(3) Change in human life style
(4) None of the above

429091 Which of the following country has set an example from Water Deficit to Water surplus
Options - Correct answer: 4

(1) India
 (2) America
(3) Australia
(4) Israel

429092 Identify the major attributes adapted by Iraq for change to water surplus country
Options - Correct answer: 4

(1) Water rationing

(2) Wastewater treatment
(3) Water resue
(4) All the above

429093 Approcimately how much % of domestic wastewater is treated in India (2016)

Options - Correct answer: 3

(1) 20
(2) 10
(3) 2
(4) None of the above

429094 Identify the most common example of a contaminant of natural origin

Options - Correct answer: 2

(1) dyes
(2) Arsenic
(3) Cyanide
(4) BIO-EPOXY

429095 Identify the most common example of a non-point source of pollution

Options - Correct answer: 1

(1) Agricultural run off

(2) Acid mine drainage
(3) Discharge from unmaintained STPs
(4) Industrial discharge
 Topic: Industrial scenario in India

429082 Approximate number of large scale industries in India are (2018)

Options - Correct answer: 4

(1) 100
(2) 1000
(3) 5000
(4) 7500

429083 Approximate number of Small Medium Enterprises industries in India are (2018)
Options - Correct answer: 4

(1) 1000
(2) 1 Million
(3) 2 Million
(4) 3 Million

429084 Which of the following export goods does India stand in top 2 list (2018)
Options - Correct answer: 3

(1) Automobiles
(2) Dairy
(3) Steel
(4) All the above

429085 India is the top exporter of which of the following goods (2020)
Options - Correct answer: 3

(1) Automobiles
(2) Dairy
(3) Cotton
(4) All the above

429086 Which of the following sector cosumes much of water

 Options - Correct answer: 1

(1) Agricultural
(2) Industrial
(3) Domestic
(4) None of the above

429087 Which of the following sector cosumes least water needs

Options - Correct answer: 2

(1) Agricultural
(2) Industrial
(3) Reservior
(4) None of the above

Topic: Industrial waste survey

429126 identify the common pollutants found in wastewater

Options - Correct answer: 4

(1) Heavy metals

(2) microbial pathogents
(3) organic carbon
(4) All the above

429127 Which of the following are preliminary treatment

Options - Correct answer: 2

(1) primary clarifier

(2) screening
(3) disinfection
(4) none of the above

429128 The purpose of screening is to remove

Options - Correct answer: 4

(1) suspended solids

 (2) grits
(3) clay
(4) None of the above

429129 ______types of solids are removed in primary clarifier

Options - Correct answer: 3

(1) Total solids

(2) Total dissolved solids
(3) suspended solids
(4) All of the above

429130 Primary clarifiers could also used to remove ______ along with suspended solids
Options - Correct answer: 2

(1) dissolved solids

(2) oil and grease
(3) both of the above
(4) None of the above

429131 The ______ tanks are used to achieve steady flow of wastewater
Options - Correct answer: 2

(1) Neutralization
(2) Equalization
(3) Grit
(4) All of the above

429132 Total Solids is the sum of

Options - Correct answer: 1

(1) TDS + TSS

(2) TS + VSS
(3) FSS + VSS
(4) None of the above
429133 1 micrometer = _______
Options - Correct answer: 3

(1) 10-2 m
(2) 10-3 m
(3) 10-6 m
(4) 10-9 m

Topic: Industrial wastewater and environmental impacts

429110 Which of the following unit is present in water treatment plant

Options - Correct answer: 3

(1) aeration tank

(2) secondary clarifier
(3) Disinfection
(4) None of the above

429111 Identify the most common chemical used for disinfection

Options - Correct answer: 3

(1) Chromium
(2) Titanium
(3) Chlorine
(4) All the above

429112 Which of the following is not a mandatory part of STP

Options - Correct answer: 3

(1) Screening
(2) Grit removal
(3) Neutralization tank
(4) Primary clarifier

429113 The most common source of grey water is

Options - Correct answer: 2
 (1) toilet
(2) kitchen
(3) gardening
(4) All the above

429114 Coliform bacteria in water is an indication of the presence of

Options - Correct answer: 4

(1) radioactive wastes

(2) excess fertilizer
(3) decaying animals and plants
(4) human feces

429115 Activated sludge process uses micro-organisms to degrade organics from wastewater.
Options - Correct answer: 1

(1) True
(2) False
(3) Not Frequently
(4) None of the above

429116 Activated sludge process degrade organics and _________

Options - Correct answer: 2

(1) Improve nutrients

(2) Remove nutrients
(3) Remove odour
(4) Remove taste

429117 Find out which sample with given BOD/COD ratio can be used only for biological treatment
Options - Correct answer: 4

(1) 0.8
(2) 0.9
(3) 0.95
(4) All the above
 Topic: Industrial wastewater generation rates, characterization and variables

429134 Microbes utilize organic matter with oxygen and convert them to
Options - Correct answer: 3

(1) Hydrogen
(2) Carbon
(3) Carbon di oxide
(4) None of the above

429135 If the wastewater has COD and BOD concentration (in mg/L) of 5000 and 800, the wastewater cou
Options - Correct answer: 2

(1) Biologically treated

(2) Not treated biologically
(3) Treated using ASP
(4) Treated using Trickling filter

429136 If the wastewater has COD and BOD concentration (in mg/L) of 2500 and 2000, the wastewater co
Options - Correct answer: 1

(1) Biologically treated

(2) Not treated biologically
(3) cheaply treated by coagulation
(4) cheaply treated by ozonation

429137 total solids in wastewater is a combination of ______

Options - Correct answer: 2

(1) Fixed and settable solids

(2) dissolved and suspended solids
(3) volatile and suspended solids
(4) fixed and dissolved solids

429138 Compared to BOD test, COD test is ______

 Options - Correct answer: 2

(1) slower
(2) rapid
(3) not effective
(4) None of the above

429139 Biochemical Oxygen Demand tests the presence of _____ in sample

Options - Correct answer: 4

(1) chemically oxidizable matter

(2) Heavy metals
(3) Microbes
(4) biological oxidizable matter

429140 _______ treatment is environmentaly sustainable

Options - Correct answer: 1

(1) biological
(2) incineration
(3) landfilling
(4) None of the above

429141 ______ type of environment uses Nitrates as terminal electron acceptor

Options - Correct answer: 2

(1) aerobic
(2) anoxic
(3) facultative
(4) All the above

429142 Solubility of oxygen ______ with increasing temperature

Options - Correct answer: 2

(1) increases
(2) decreases
 (3) no change
(4) None of the above

429143 High oxygen concentration indicates ______ quality of water

Options - Correct answer: 2

(1) Poor
(2) Good
(3) no change
(4) None of the above

429144 High oxygen demand indicates ______ quality of water

Options - Correct answer: 1

(1) Poor
(2) Good
(3) no change
(4) None of the above

429145 The river body with oxygen concentration of 1 mg/L depicts _____ river water quality
Options - Correct answer: 4

(1) Good
(2) Slighlty polluted
(3) Moderately polluted
(4) Heavy Polluted

429146 Identify the biological indicators of water quality

Options - Correct answer: 4

(1) pH
(2) DO
(3) Temperature
(4) E.coli

Topic: Population equivalent

429150 Identify the most common test organism in WET
Options - Correct answer: 4

(1) Shrimp
(2) Water flea
(3) Water Floa
(4) All of the above

Topic: Regulatory requirements for treatment of industrial wastewater

429118 Find out which sample with given BOD/COD ratio cannot be used only for biological treatment
Options - Correct answer: 1

(1) 0.3
(2) 0.8
(3) 0.9
(4) All the above

429119 A sample with a BOD/COD ratio of 0.5 can be

Options - Correct answer: 3

(1) only biologically treated

(2) cannot be biologically treated
(3) combined biological and chemical treatmen
(4) None of the above

429120 Which among the following ratio is not possible practically

Options - Correct answer: 2

(1) BOD/COD
(2) COD/BOD
(3) (BOD/COD)*100
(4) None of the above

429121 If the BOD/COD ratio of any wastewater samples falls within 0.1
Options - Correct answer: 1
 (1) only chemical treatment
(2) combined biological and chemical treatment
(3) only biological treatment
(4) None of the above

429122 Combined biological and chemical treatment is possible in BOD/COD range of

Options - Correct answer: 2

(1) 0.1-0.2
(2) 0.3-0.5
(3) 0.8-0.9
(4) None of the above

429123 Which of the below is indirect methods of carbon measurement

Options - Correct answer: 4

(1) BOD
(2) COD
(3) BODu
(4) All the above

429124 Which of the below is direct methods of carbon measurement

Options - Correct answer: 3

(1) BOD
(2) COD
(3) TOC
(4) None of the above

429125 The primary objective of biological treatment is to remove _____ along with nutrients
Options - Correct answer: 2

(1) suspended solids

(2) dissolved solids
(3) oil and grease
(4) None of the above
 Topic: Sources and types of industrial wastewater

429103 Identify a common physcial indicator of water quality

Options - Correct answer: 1

(1) Temperature
(2) Dyes
(3) Oxygen concentration
(4) None of the above

429104 Identify a common chemical indicator of water quality

Options - Correct answer: 2

(1) Temperature
(2) Dyes
(3) Microbes
(4) None of the above

429105 Identify a common chemical indicator of water quality

Options - Correct answer: 4

(1) Temperature
(2) Taste
(3) Microbes
(4) None of the above

429106 The major objective of water quality standards

Options - Correct answer: 3

(1) Understand possible impact of pollution

(2) Ability to detect and remove contaminants
(3) All of the above
(4) None of the above

429107 Which of the following WQI can be rated as excellent quality

 Options - Correct answer: 4

(1) 0-10
(2) 20-30
(3) 80-90
(4) 90-100

429108 Which of the following WQI can be rated as very bad quality
Options - Correct answer: 1

(1) 0-10
(2) 20-30
(3) 80-90
(4) 90-100

429109 Which of the following unit is absent in water treatment plant

Options - Correct answer: 1

(1) aeration tank

(2) coagulation
(3) flocculation
(4) None of the above

Topic: Toxicity of industrial effluents and Bioassay tests

429147 The pore size of filter paper used in solids determination is

Options - Correct answer: 1

(1) 0.45 micron

(2) 45 micron
(3) 100 micron
(4) None of the above

429148 The most common oxidant used in COD test is

Options - Correct answer: 1

(1) K2Cr2O7
 (2) H2SO4
(3) AgSO4
(4) None of the above

429149 Which of these acts as catalyst in COD test

Options - Correct answer: 3

(1) K2Cr2O7
(2) H2SO4
(3) AgSO4
(4) None of the above

429151 The chemical oxygen demand (COD)measures the

Options - Correct answer: 2

(1) amount of oxygen required for growth of microorganisms in water

(2) amount of oxygen that would be removed from the water in order to oxidize pollutants
(3) amount of oxygen required to oxidize the calcium present in waste water
(4) none of the above

429152 Which of the following is an example of WET

Options - Correct answer: 3

(1) determine dye toxicity

(2) determine chromnium toxicity
(3) determine toxicity from dairy effluent
(4) All of the above

429153 What is the purpose of WET

Options - Correct answer: 3

(1) indirect measurement of all potential toxic chemicals

(2) potential of effluent to have deterimental effects
(3) All of the above
(4) None of the above
429154 Chronic toxicity tests are performed over
Options - Correct answer: 3

(1) 7-8 minutes

(2) 7-8 hours
(3) 7-8 days
(4) None of the above

429155 Acute toxicity tests are performed over

Options - Correct answer: 2

(1) 1-2 seconds

(2) 24-96 hour
(3) 8-10 days
(4) None of the above

429156 LC50 indicates

Options - Correct answer: 2

(1) concentration of sample that kills organisms in 50 minutes

(2) concentration of sample that kills 50% organisms
(3) 50% of chemical required to kill all organisms
(4) None of the above

Topic: Uses of Water by industry

429096 Major effect on environment due to human and animal waste source is
Options - Correct answer: 3

(1) Deforestation
(2) Indsutrial toxicity
(3) Diseases
(4) All the above

429097 Identify an example of pollutant from human and animal wastes

Options - Correct answer: 4
 (1) Fluroide
(2) Aresenic
(3) Chromium
(4) Viruses

429098 Effect of haevy metal pollution is

Options - Correct answer: 4

(1) Cancer
(2) Effect on immune system
(3) Endocrine disruption
(4) All the above

429099 Major sources of nitrate and phosphate wastes are from

Options - Correct answer: 3

(1) Industry
(2) Domestic
(3) Agricultural
(4) All the above

429100 major effect due to nitrate and phosphate pollution is

Options - Correct answer: 3

(1) Cancer
(2) Climate change
(3) Algal bloom
(4) All the above

429101 Identify the major factor leading to oxygen sink in river

Options - Correct answer: 4

(1) Algae
(2) Fish
(3) Aquactic plant
(4) Industrial waste
429102 Ground water lacks self cleaning capacity compared to surface water due to
Options - Correct answer: 1

(1) Fewer decomposing microbes

(2) presence of vadose zones
(3) All of the above
(4) None of the above

Questions in Unit-2

Topic: Benefits and Barriers

431592 What is the process flow in a integrated solid waste management system?
Options - Correct answer: 3

(1) Generation-Source separation- facility separation-collection- Transfer and transport-Landfill

(2) Generation-Source separation-collection- Transfer and transport -facility separation-Landfill
(3) Generation-Source separation-collection-facility separation-Transfer and transport-Landfill
(4) Generation-Source separation-collection- Landfill -facility separationTransfer and transport

431593 What are the special facilities to separate recyclables into various streams?
Options - Correct answer: 4

(1) Shredding
(2) Compaction
(3) separators
(4) All of the above

431594 What are the advantages of Waste to energy?

Options - Correct answer: 4

(1) Reduce volume of waste

(2) Recover useful energy
(3) Medium sophistication required
(4) All of the above
431595 Landfills are de-facto choice for waste management and they cause lots of problem for the environ
Options - Correct answer: 1

(1) Yes
(2) No
(3) Not sure
(4) None of the above

431596 There is a high demand for compost in a market

Options - Correct answer: 2

(1) Yes
(2) No
(3) Not sure
(4) None of the above

431597 Understanding of social and legal aspects is not necessary in Solid waste management
Options - Correct answer: 2

(1) Yes
(2) No
(3) Not sure
(4) None of the above

431598 Waste is a material that has further value to his owner and is not thrown away
Options - Correct answer: 2

(1) Yes
(2) No
(3) Not sure
(4) None of the above

431599 Which of the following solid wastes describe the term ‘Municipal Solid Waste’?
Options - Correct answer: 4

(1) Toxic
(2) Hazardous
 (3) Non Toxic
(4) Non Hazardous

Topic: Environmental statement as a tool for pollution prevention

431626 _______ is the crushing and grinding of municipal solid waste.

Options - Correct answer: 3

(1) Land fills

(2) Shredding
(3) Pulverization
(4) Composting

431627 _____ is the cutting and tearing of municipal solid waste.

Options - Correct answer: 2

(1) Land fills

(2) Shredding
(3) Pulverization
(4) Composting

431628 Which of the following is a biological method of disposal of municipal solid waste?
Options - Correct answer: 4

(1) Land fills

(2) Shredding
(3) Pulverization
(4) Composting

431629 Which of the following is used in the production of Plastic?

Options - Correct answer: 3

(1)  Mercury
(2) Lead
(3) Vinyl Chloride
 (4) None of these

431630 What is true about Aerobic bacteria?

Options - Correct answer: 4

(1) Flourish in the presence of free oxygen

(2) Consume organic matter as their food
(3) Oxidise organic matter in sewage
(4) All of the above

431631 Social, economical and ecological equity is the necessary condition for achieving
Options - Correct answer: 3

(1) Social development

(2) Economical development
(3) Sustainable development
(4) Ecological development

431632 The energy sources, that are either found or stored in nature are
Options - Correct answer: 2

(1) Secondary Energy sources

(2) Primary Energy sources
(3) both of these
(4) None of these

431633 Inexhaustible energy sources are known as

Options - Correct answer: 2

(1) Commercial energy

(2) renewable energy
(3) primary energy
(4) secondary energy

431634 The objective of material and energy balance is to assess the:

Options - Correct answer: 4
 (1) input - output
(2) conversion
(3) losses
(4) All of the above

431635 In the material balance of a process or unit operation process, which component will not be conside
input side?
Options - Correct answer: 4

(1) Chemicals
(2) Water/air
(3) Reactive species
(4) Byproducts

431636 Which of the phase is concerned with the pre audit activity
Options - Correct answer: 3

(1) Records/documents review

(2) input-output analysis in relation to economy
(3) reviewing audit checklists
(4) All of the above

431637 Which of the phase is concerned with the post audit activity
Options - Correct answer: 2

(1) Records/documents review

(2) input-output analysis in relation to economy
(3) reviewing audit checklists
(4) All of the above

431638 Which of the phase is concerned with the on-site audit activity
Options - Correct answer: 1

(1) Records/documents review

(2) input-output analysis in relation to economy
(3) reviewing audit checklists
 (4) All of the above

431639 Which of the phase is concerned with Human input output analysis in relation to economy
Options - Correct answer: 2

(1) Preaudit
(2) postaudit
(3) onsite audit
(4) None of the above

431640 Which of the phase is concerned with reviewing audit checklists

Options - Correct answer: 1

(1) Preaudit
(2) postaudit
(3) onsite audit
(4) None of the above

431641 Which of the phase is concerned with record/documents review

Options - Correct answer: 3

(1) Preaudit
(2) postaudit
(3) onsite audit
(4) None of the above

Topic: Evaluation of Pollution prevention options

431618 The term Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) is generally used to describe
Options - Correct answer: 2

(1) Waste from Industrial process, construction and demolition site

(2) Waste from private homes, commerical establishments and institutions
(3) Mining waste
(4) Agricultural waste

431619 Why plastics are difficult to recycle

 Options - Correct answer: 3

(1) very hard material

(2) it is an adhesive
(3) different types of chemical structure
(4) different sizes

431620 The term ISWM refers to

Options - Correct answer: 2

(1) International Solid Waste Management

(2)  Integrated Solid Waste Management
(3) Integrated Solid Waste Machine
(4) International Solid Waste Mechanism

431621 Which one of the following is the apex organization in the country in the field of pollution control?
Options - Correct answer: 3

(1) Water Pollution Control Board

(2) State Pollution Control Board
(3) Central Pollution Control Board
(4) Air pollution Control Board

431622 The process of burning of municipal solid waste at high temperature is called _____
Options - Correct answer: 1

(1) Incineration
(2) Composting
(3) Land filing
(4)  Shredding

431623 Which of the following is correct regarding disposal of waste by land filling?
Options - Correct answer: 3

(1) Economical method

(2) Preferred in low lying areas
 (3) Foul gases are not produced
(4) Separation of different types of waste not required

431624 The process of decomposition of biodegradable solid waste by earthworms is called _______
Options - Correct answer: 3

(1) Land fills

(2) Shredding
(3) Vermi-composting
(4) Composting

431625 _____ is a liquid that passes through solid waste and extracts suspended impurities from it.
Options - Correct answer: 1

(1) Leachate
(2) Sludge
(3) Slurries
(4) Municipal waste

Topic: Prevention Vs Control of Industrial Pollution

431584 Identify the most preffered option in waste management hierarchy

Options - Correct answer: 4

(1) resue
(2) recycle
(3) dispose
(4) prevent

431585 Identify the least preffered option in waste management hierarchy

Options - Correct answer: 3

(1) resue
(2) recycle
(3) dispose
(4) prevent
431586 The reduce, reuse and recycle principle by which wastes can be reduced is classified as
Options - Correct answer: 4

(1) waste organizer principle

(2) waste management principle
(3) RE principle
(4) 3R principle

431587 Managing waste is the responsibility of the government.

Options - Correct answer: 2

(1) Yes
(2) No
(3) Not sure
(4) None of the above

431588 What is the order of waste management hierarchy, from most to least favoured
Options - Correct answer: 4

(1) Prevention- Recycle-Reuse- Disposal

(2) Prevention-Reuse-Disposal-Recycle
(3) Prevention-Disposal -Reuse-Recycle
(4) Prevention-Reuse-Recycle-Disposal

431589 What are the methods in which energy can be recovered from Waste to energy (1) Heat (2) Electric
generation
Options - Correct answer: 3

(1) By (1) and (2)

(2) By (2) and (3)
(3) By (1), (2) and (3)
(4) None of the above

431590 Which of the following statement regarding recycling is wrong?

Options - Correct answer: 4

(1) Saves precious resources

 (2) Require stable market
(3) Improves efficiency of treatment processes
(4) Increases the needs for mining virgin materials

431591 What is the most expensive component of solid waste handling?

Options - Correct answer: 1

(1) Collection
(2) Storage
(3) Treatment
(4) Separation

Topic: Source reduction techniques

431600 Which integrated waste management is reduced on an individual level?

Options - Correct answer: 2

(1) Burning
(2) reduction
(3) Disposal
(4) Recycling

431601 Why is recycled paper banned for use in food containers?

Options - Correct answer: 2

(1) Because it creates a lot of spaces

(2) Because it creates contamination
(3) Because paper can be used only one time
(4) Because paper is very thick and can’t cover the food containers

431602 Which of the statements is true for the organic material in the buried solid waste that will decompo
Options - Correct answer: 3

(1) By the flow of water

(2) By the soil particles
(3) By the action of microorganisms
 (4) By the action of oxidation

431603 Which of the following wastes are called the Municipal Solid Waste (MSW)?
Options - Correct answer: 4

(1) Food wastes

(2)  Wood pieces
(3) Plastic cans
(4) All of the above

431604 The process of burning municipal solid wastes in a properly designed furnace under suitable tempe
these operating conditions is called ______
Options - Correct answer: 2

(1) Landfill
(2) Incineration
(3) Recycling
(4) Vermicomposting

431605 The burning of the wastes is not an acceptable practice of solid waste management because
Options - Correct answer: 4

(1) It is very costly

(2) It requires a lot of space
(3)  It requires modern technologies
(4) It causes several environmental issues

431606 Which of the following gas generates when the matter inside the sanitary landfill breaks down?
Options - Correct answer: 4

(1) Chlorine
(2) Nitrogen
(3) Hydrogen
(4) Methane

431607  Which of the following is the simplest and most common method used in the cities to dump the co
wastes?
 Options - Correct answer: 3

(1) River
(2) Ocean
(3) Landfill
(4) None of the above

431608 The most disposable wastes are in the form of______

Options - Correct answer: 4

(1) Solids
(2) Liquids
(3) Slurries
(4) All of the above

Topic: Waste Audit

431609 Which of the following is true about wastes?

Options - Correct answer: 4

(1) The apparent waste from one process becomes the input to another
(2) All processes of production and consumption produce waste
(3) There is no real waste in nature
(4) All of the above

431610 Which of the following methods is a good way of dealing with the solid waste problem?
Options - Correct answer: 1

(1) Recycling
(2) Landfilling
(3) All of the above
(4) None of the above

431611 Which of the following statements is not true for plastic wastes?
Options - Correct answer: 1

(1) Can be used to make compost

 (2) It lasts for a longer period of time
(3) Toxic fumes are produced when burnt
(4) All of the above

431612 Which of the following can be recycled many times?

Options - Correct answer: 2

(1) Wood
(2) Aluminium
(3) Paper
(4) All of the above

431613 Which of the following gas can be produced from landfill wastes?
Options - Correct answer: 1

(1) Biogas
(2) Natural Gas
(3) Liquified Petroleum Gas
(4) All of the above

431614 Which of the following statements are the features of zero waste management?
Options - Correct answer: 4

(1) Separate collection of each kind

(2) Separation of garbage at the source
(3)  Involvement of the community in all activities
(4) All of the above

431615 Find the correct statement

Options - Correct answer: 4

(1) The waste from one process becomes the input for another process
(2) All the processes related to consumption and production produce some kind of waste
(3)  There is no real waste in nature
(4) All of the above
431616 The average composition of municipal solid waste is
Options - Correct answer: 1

(1) 55% organic, 30% inert, 15% recyclable

(2) 20% organic, 60% inert, 20% recyclable
(3) 5% organic, 65% inert, 30% recyclable
(4) 10% organic, 60% inert, 30% recyclable

431617 Making new materials from crushed glass helps to

Options - Correct answer: 3

(1) Save materials

(2) Save fuel
(3) both of these
(4) none of these

Topic: Waste minimization Circles

431642 Which of the following minimizes waste from source to disposal

Options - Correct answer: 4

(1) on-site recycling

(2) off-site recycling
(3) treatment
(4) All of the above

431643 Which of the following is waste diversion not concerned with

Options - Correct answer: 4

(1) Source reduction

(2) recycling
(3) treatment
(4) disposal

431644 which of the following is not a source reduction option

Options - Correct answer: 4
 (1) input material alteration
(2) product reformulation
(3) technology redefinement
(4) None of the above

431645 Identify the factor influencing waste minimisation

Options - Correct answer: 4

(1) Government policy

(2) Economic viability
(3) Technical feasibility
(4) All of the above

431646 Identify the most common barrier in implementing waste minimisation plan
Options - Correct answer: 4

(1) Economic
(2) Technical
(3) Regulatory
(4) All of the above

431647 which of these is not an phase of waste minimization programme

Options - Correct answer: 4

(1) Planning and organization

(2) conducting waste audit
(3) implementing, reviewing and monitoring
(4) None of these

431648 which of these is are phase of waste minimization programme

Options - Correct answer: 4

(1) Planning and organization

(2) conducting waste audit
(3) implementing, reviewing and monitoring
(4) All of these
431649 In any plant, there will be stastical variations in waste flow, these variations depends on
Options - Correct answer: 4

(1) product type

(2) process type
(3) process operation
(4) all of the above

431650 Variations in waste flow and characteristics among similar industries is due to
Options - Correct answer: 1

(1) difference in house keeping

(2) product type
(3) process type
(4) None of the above

431651 Industrial waste surveys are used to determine

Options - Correct answer: 3

(1) Waste loadings

(2) Waste variations
(3) both of these
(4) None of these

431652 The secondary objective of industrial waste survey is to suggest possibilities of

Options - Correct answer: 3

(1) Water conservation

(2) Water reuse
(3) both of these
(4) None of these

431653 Pollution prevention is appropriate term for

Options - Correct answer: 3
 (1) Waste Minimisation
(2) Disposal methods
(3) Source reduction methods
(4) None of these

431654 Waste Minimisation practises includes

Options - Correct answer: 4

(1) Prevention
(2) reduce
(3) elimination
(4) All of these

431655 In Agricultural sector, waste minimisation could be practised by

Options - Correct answer: 3

(1) Modifying production

(2) Using energy conservation practise
(3) Reducing water and chemical use
(4) None of these

431656 In Industrial sector, waste minimisation could be practised by

Options - Correct answer: 4

(1) Modifying production

(2) Using energy conservation practise
(3) Using non toxic chemicals as cleaners
(4) All of these

431657 Waste diversion strategies includes

Options - Correct answer: 3

(1) prevention
(2) reduction
(3) recycle
(4) All of these
431658 Waste diversion strategies includes
Options - Correct answer: 1

(1) prevention
(2) reuse
(3) recycle
(4) All of these

Questions in Unit-3

Topic: Aerobic and anaerobic biological treatment

440662 Screening and Sedimentation are preliminary treatment processes.

Options - Correct answer: 1

(1) 1
(2) 0
(3) Not always
(4) None of the above

440663 _____ remove materials which would damage equipment by choking due to large size particles
Options - Correct answer: 2

(1) Neutralization
(2) Screening
(3) Oxidation
(4) Reduction

440664 Supplemental means of aeration are often employed with an equalization basin to provide better m
Options - Correct answer: 1

(1) 1
(2) 0
(3) Not always
(4) None of the abve
440665 ________ is provided after activated sludge process.
Options - Correct answer: 3

(1) Primary sedimentation tank

(2) Flocculation tank
(3) Secondary sedimentation tank
(4) Sand filter

440666 Coliform bacteria in water is an indication of the presence of

Options - Correct answer: 4

(1) radioactive wastes

(2) excess fertilizer
(3) decaying animals and plants
(4) human feces

440667 Activated sludge process uses micro-organisms to degrade organics from wastewater.
Options - Correct answer: 1

(1) True
(2) False
(3) Not Frequently
(4) None of the above

440668 Activated sludge process degrade organics and _________

Options - Correct answer: 2

(1) Improve nutrients

(2) Remove nutrients
(3) Remove odour
(4) Remove taste

440669 What is required to keep the activated sludge suspended?

Options - Correct answer: 3

(1) Carbon-dioxide
(2) Nitrogen
 (3) Oxygen
(4) Ammonia

440670 What does the bacterium use to grow?

Options - Correct answer: 2

(1) Oxygen
(2) Organic pollutants
(3) Water
(4) Carbon-dioxide

440671 ________ combines aeration basin and secondary clarifier into single unit.
Options - Correct answer: 3

(1) Primary clarifier

(2) Aerobic unit
(3) Sequential batch reactor
(4) Secondary clarifier

440672  _______ provides the dual purpose of providing DO and mixing of the mixed liquor and wastewat
Options - Correct answer: 2

(1) Flocculation
(2) Aeration
(3) Sedimentation
(4) Clarification

440673 The more oxidizable organic material, the lesser the BOD.
Options - Correct answer: 2

(1) 1
(2)  False
(3) Not Frequently
(4) None of the above
440674 In which of the following treatment involve oxidation of organic constituents of the wastewater?
Options - Correct answer: 2

(1) Primary treatment

(2) Secondary treatment
(3) Advanced treatment
(4) Final treatment

440675 Activated sludge usually employs an aeration period of ________________

Options - Correct answer: 4

(1) 1 hour
(2) 24 hours
(3) 10-15 hours
(4) 4-8 hours

440676 The Activated Sludge Process is a _______ wastewater treatment process.

Options - Correct answer: 3

(1) Physical
(2) Chemical
(3) Biological
(4) Biochemical

Topic: Chemical oxidation

440706 What is the draw back of using OH radical for water treatment
Options - Correct answer: 3

(1) Not selective

(2) Highly reactive
(3) short lived
(4) All of the above

440707 What is the advantage of using OH for water treatment

Options - Correct answer: 2
 (1) Short lived
(2) Not selective
(3) cheap
(4) none of the above

440708 One of the most commonly used semi conductor as photocatalyst is

Options - Correct answer: 3

(1) Carbon
(2) Oxygen
(3) Titanium
(4) All of the above

Topic: Equalization

440644 Septic tank is:

Options - Correct answer: 4

(1) An aerobic attached growth treatment system

(2) An aerobic suspended growth biological treatment system
(3) An anaerobic attached growth biological treatment system
(4) An anaerobic suspended growth treatment system

Topic: Heavy metal Removal

440660 Which of the following is not an adsorbent?

Options - Correct answer: 4

(1) Carbon
(2) Polymers and resins
(3) Charcoal
(4) Dry sponge

440661 At higher temperatures, the amount of Dissolved Oxygen decreases.

Options - Correct answer: 1

(1) 1
 (2) 0
(3) Not always
(4) None of the above

Topic: High Rate reactors

440683 Increase in microbial growth is observed during_____phase

Options - Correct answer: 2

(1) Lag
(2) Log
(3) Stationary
(4) Death

440684 In which phase of growth microbes adapt to new environment

Options - Correct answer: 1

(1) Lag
(2) Log
(3) Stationary
(4) Death

440685 During which phase of microbial growth, reduction in live cells is observed
Options - Correct answer: 4

(1) Lag
(2) Log
(3) Stationary
(4) Death

440686 Exhaustion of nutrients and increase in toxic metabolites is observd during_____Phase

Options - Correct answer: 3

(1) Lag
(2) Log
(3) Stationary
 (4) Death

440687 The number of cells increases proportion to time or substrate concentration in _______Phase
Options - Correct answer: 2

(1) Lag
(2) Log
(3) Stationary
(4) Death

440688  The temperature that allows for most rapid growth during a short period of time is known as _____
Options - Correct answer: 3

(1) Minimum Temperature

(2) Maximum Temperature
(3) Optimum Temperature
(4) Growth Temperature

440689 Mesophiles are group of bacteria that grow within the temperature range of?
Options - Correct answer: 2

(1) 0-20 degree Celsius

(2) 25-40 degree Celsius
(3) 45-60 degree Celsius
(4) more than 60 degree Celsius

440690 which organisms use light as enery source

Options - Correct answer: 2

(1) Chemotrophs
(2) Phototrophs
(3) Organo trophs
(4) lithotrophs

440691 Which types of organisms can grow in temperature range of 50 degree celcius or above
Options - Correct answer: 3
 (1) Psychrophilic
(2) Mesophilic
(3) Thermophilic
(4) None of the above

440692 Which types of organisms can grow in pH range of 7

Options - Correct answer: 2

(1) Acidophiles
(2) Neutrophiles
(3) Basophiles
(4) None of the above

440693 Which types of organisms can grown in alkaline pH

Options - Correct answer: 3

(1) Acidophiles
(2) Neutrophiles
(3) Basophiles
(4) None of the above

440694 Which types of organisms can grown in acidic pH

Options - Correct answer: 1

(1) Acidophiles
(2) Neutrophiles
(3) Basophiles
(4) None of the above

440695 Which of the following organisms does not require oxygen for growth
Options - Correct answer: 2

(1) aerobic
(2) anaerobic
(3) microaerophilic
(4) None of the above
 Topic: Membrane Technologies

440709 _______ is used for reverse osmosis

Options - Correct answer: 3

(1) Microfilter membrane

(2) Ultra filter membrane
(3) Semi permeable membrane
(4) None of the above

440710 Identify the common problem faced during membrane separation

Options - Correct answer: 3

(1) Biofouling
(2) concentration polarization
(3) both of the above
(4) None of the above

440711 The liquid passing through the membrane along with solids is called as
Options - Correct answer: 1

(1) Permeate
(2) Retentate
(3) Reject
(4) None of the above

440712 Pore size Micro-filtration membrane ranges from _________

Options - Correct answer: 1

(1) 0.1- 5µm

(2) 0.1- 0.01µm
(3) 0.001- 0.01µm
(4) 0.0001- 0.001µm

440713 Pore size Ultra-filtration membrane ranges from ________

 Options - Correct answer: 2

(1) 0.1- 5µm

(2) 0.1- 0.01µm
(3) 0.001- 0.01µm
(4) 0.0001- 0.001µm

440714 Pore size Nano-filtration membrane ranges from __________

Options - Correct answer: 3

(1) 0.1- 5µm

(2) 0.1- 0.01µm
(3) 0.001- 0.01µm
(4) 0.0001- 0.001µm

440715 The solution to be concentrated or filtered is called?

Options - Correct answer: 1

(1) Feed
(2) Flux
(3) Membrane fouling
(4) Permeate

440716 The term for deposition of solids on the membrane, irreversible during processing is?
Options - Correct answer: 3

(1) Feed
(2) Flux
(3) Membrane fouling
(4) Permeate

440717 Which of the following membrane separation technique would be most suitable for water desalinat
Options - Correct answer: 1

(1) Reverse osmosis

(2) Nano filtration
 (3) Ultra filtration
(4) Membrane filtration

440718 Turbidity in water is caused by which of these following?

Options - Correct answer: 2

(1) Total dissolved solids

(2) Suspended solids
(3) Ions
(4) Heavy metals

Topic: Neutralisation

440645 Sedimentation is a process using gravity to remove suspended solids from water.
Options - Correct answer: 1

(1) 1
(2) 0
(3) Not always
(4) None of the abve

Topic: Ozonation

440700 Advanced oxidation process includes the use of

Options - Correct answer: 4

(1) OH radicals
(2) Ozone
(3) UV radiation
(4) All of the above

440701 Advanced oxidation processes are cheap.

Options - Correct answer: 2

(1) 1
(2) 0
(3) Not always
 (4) None of the above

440702 Advanced oxidation process is also used to kill microbes

Options - Correct answer: 1

(1) 1
(2) 0
(3) Not always
(4) None of the above

Topic: Photocatalysis

440696 What is the process used in AOP?

Options - Correct answer: 1

(1) Oxidation
(2) Reduction
(3) Substitution
(4) Chlorination

440697 Advanced oxidation processes are used to remove organic materials in water and wastewater.
Options - Correct answer: 1

(1) 1
(2) 0
(3) Not always
(4) None of the above

440698 Organic materials in wastewater are removed by oxidation through reactions with _______
Options - Correct answer: 2

(1) hydrogen
(2) hydroxyl radicals
(3) water
(4) oxygen

440699 Which of the chemical is used in AOP

 Options - Correct answer: 3

(1) Hydrogen
(2) Chlorine
(3) OH radical
(4) KMnO4

Topic: Precipitation

440646 What is the type of pollution where the pollutants reach the water body in points called?
Options - Correct answer: 1

(1) Point-source pollution

(2) Diffuse pollution
(3) Point-source contamination
(4) Diffuse contamination

440647 What is the growth of huge amounts of algae and other aquatic plants leading to the deterioration o
quality called?
Options - Correct answer: 1

(1) Eutrophication
(2) Algae growth
(3) Nitrification
(4) Denitrification

440648 A process of contact and adhesion whereby the particles of a dispersion form larger-size clusters is
________
Options - Correct answer: 2

(1) Coagulation
(2) Flocculation
(3) Suspension
(4) Sedimentation

440649 What is the movement of solids in water called?

 Options - Correct answer: 2

(1) Motion
(2) Brownian motion
(3) Horizontal motion
(4) Viscous motion

440650 The chemical oxygen demand (COD)measures the

Options - Correct answer: 2

(1) amount of oxygen required for growth of microorganisms in water

(2) amount of oxygen that would be removed from the water in order to oxidize pollutants
(3) amount of oxygen required to oxidize the calcium present in waste water
(4) none of the above

440651 Hardness of water does not

Options - Correct answer: 2

(1) have any bad effect in boiler

(2) make cooking of foods difficult
(3) make it unfit for drinking
(4) cause difficulty in the washing of clothes with soaps

440652 Secondary treatment uses __________ to consume wastes.

Options - Correct answer: 1

(1) micro-organisms
(2) chemicals
(3) filtration
(4) none of these

440653 Which of the following chemical is sometime added in the process of coagulation and flocculation?
Options - Correct answer: 1

(1) Aluminum sulphate

(2) Aluminum hydrate
 (3) Calcium chloride
(4) None of these

440654 Which of the following physical method is used as germicidal in modern time for the treatment of d
water?
Options - Correct answer: 3

(1) Chlorination
(2) Treating with potassium permagnate
(3) UV radiation
(4) Treating with bleaching powder

440655 Biological oxidation processes usually referred as biological treatment, are the most common form
Options - Correct answer: 2

(1) primary treatment

(2) secondary treatment
(3) tertiary treatment
(4) all of these

440656 Sedimentation is a physical process used in wastewater treatment to

Options - Correct answer: 2

(1) remove particles that are less dense than water

(2) remove particles that are more dense than water
(3) remove the pertinacious material from the water
(4) none of the above

440657 The methods used for biological treatment are

Options - Correct answer: 4

(1) lagoon
(2) activated sludge process
(3) Rotating biological contactor
(4) all of these
440658 The air is dissolved in wastewater by natural means.
Options - Correct answer: 2

(1) 1
(2) 0
(3) Frquently
(4) None of the above

440659 The suspended particles sink to the bottom during the process.
Options - Correct answer: 1

(1) 1
(2) 0
(3) Not Frquently
(4) None of the above

Topic: Sequencing batch reactors

440677 The measure of pH is the ______ ion concentration.

Options - Correct answer: 2

(1) Iron
(2) Hydrogen
(3) Aluminium
(4) Sodium

440678 ________ is oxidized by heterotypic micro-organisms.

Options - Correct answer: 3

(1) Inorganic matter

(2) Inert Materials
(3) Organic matter
(4) Water

440679 A process using microbes to convert toxic industrial wastes to less toxic or non-toxic compounds is
Options - Correct answer: 4
 (1) Precipitation
(2) Complement Fixation
(3) Bioconversion
(4) Bioremediation

440680 Which of the following is an environmental challenge associated with bioremediation?

Options - Correct answer: 4

(1) Temperature
(2) oxygen
(3) pH
(4) All the above

440681 Which of the following is used during aerobic degradation

Options - Correct answer: 1

(1) Oxygen
(2) Hydrogen
(3) Nitrogen
(4) None of the above

440682 During anaerobic degradation microbes utilises_______as electron receptor

Options - Correct answer: 2

(1) Oxygen
(2) Nitrate
(3) Hydrogen
(4) None of the above

Topic: Wet Air Oxidation

440703 Which of the below is not an example of advanced oxidation process

Options - Correct answer: 3

(1) ozonation
(2) photocatalysis
 (3) combustion
(4) none of the above

440704 which of the following has highest electrochemical potential

Options - Correct answer: 3

(1) oxygen
(2) chlorine
(3) Hydroxyl radical
(4) all of the above

440705 In which of the these electrons can pass from conduction band to valence band with application of
Options - Correct answer: 2

(1) insulator
(2) semi conductors
(3) conductors
(4) none of the above

Questions in Unit-4

Topic: conditioning

462907 What is biogas composed of?

Options - Correct answer: 4

(1) O2 and CO2

(2) O2 and SO2
(3) CH4 and O2
(4) CH4 and CO2

462908 Which of the following is not present in biogas

Options - Correct answer: 4

(1) CO2
(2) CH4
(3) H2S
 (4) O2

462909 The pathogens in digestate are _________

Options - Correct answer: 3

(1) Highly active

(2) Highly resistant
(3) inactive
(4) None of the above

462910 What is the range of retention time during anaerobic digestion?

Options - Correct answer: 4

(1) 2 h
(2) 10 h
(3) 20 h
(4) 20 d

462911 Which of the following is the source for starting anaerobic microbial cultures
Options - Correct answer: 1

(1) cow dung

(2) molasses
(3) corn starch
(4) None of the above

462912 How many steps are present in anaerobic treatment

Options - Correct answer: 2

(1) 2
(2) 4
(3) 8
(4) 10

462913 In anaerobic digestion system which of the following statement holds good?
Options - Correct answer: 2
 (1) Acids are necessary to be added to make the pH neutral
(2) Alkalines are necessary to be added to make the pH neutral
(3) A flocculant is to be added to bring about flocculation
(4) A coagulant is necessary to be added in order to bring about coagulation

462914 Example of attached growth systems during anaerobic treatment is

Options - Correct answer: 2

(1) USAB
(2) Anaerobic filter
(3) BTF
(4) None of the above

462915 Example of suspended growth systems during anaerobic treatment is

Options - Correct answer: 1

(1) USAB
(2) Anaerobic filter
(3) BTF
(4) None of the above

462916 Separation of biogas with sludge and treated liquid occurs at

Options - Correct answer: 2

(1) Reactor inlet

(2) GLS interface
(3) Reactor granules
(4) All of the above

Topic: dewatering

462917 For anaerobic reactors optimum pH range must be

Options - Correct answer: 3

(1) 1 to 2
(2) 3 to 4
 (3) 6 to 7
(4) 11 to 12

462918 Which of the below is low rate anaerobic reactor

Options - Correct answer: 1

(1) Septic tank

(2) UASB
(3) Anaerobic filter
(4) None of the above

462919 Compared to anaerobic process the sludge production in aerobic treatment is______
Options - Correct answer: 2

(1) less
(2) more
(3) equal
(4) None of the above

462920 Compared to aerobic process the sludge production in anaerobic treatment is______
Options - Correct answer: 1

(1) less
(2) more
(3) equal
(4) None of the above

462921 What is the approximate conversion (%) of organic matter to biogas during anaerobic treatment
Options - Correct answer: 3

(1) 1
(2) 10
(3) 80
(4) 100

462922 What is the approximate conversion (%) of organic matter to biomass during aerobic treatment
 Options - Correct answer: 3

(1) 1
(2) 10
(3) 60
(4) 100

462923 In contrast to aerobic treatment ________ produced during anaerobic treatment

Options - Correct answer: 2

(1) Biomass
(2) Energy
(3) Organic carbon
(4) None of the above

462924 Compared to aerobic treatment, the space required for anaerobic treatment is
Options - Correct answer: 1

(1) smaller
(2) higher
(3) equal
(4) None of the above

462925 Organic chemical loading in anaerobic treatment is ______ compared to aerobic treatment
Options - Correct answer: 2

(1) less
(2) more
(3) equal
(4) None of the above

462926 Which among the below is used for mass reduction during sludge treatment
Options - Correct answer: 2

(1) Thickening
(2) Stabilisation
 (3) Dewatering
(4) All of the above

462927 Which among the below is used for volume reduction during sludge treatment
Options - Correct answer: 1

(1) Thickening
(2) Stabilisation
(3) Disinfection
(4) All of the above

462928 What is the objective of thickening unit

Options - Correct answer: 2

(1) to kill micorbes

(2) to reduce water content
(3) to incinerate the sludge
(4) None of the above

462929 What is the objective of stabilisation unit

Options - Correct answer: 2

(1) to reduce water content

(2) to remove odor
(3) to incinerate the sludge
(4) to dry the sludge

Topic: digestion

462898 Which of the below is the correct arrangement of sludge drying beds from top to bottom
Options - Correct answer: 2

(1) Drainage system, Draining medium, Support layer

(2) Support layer, Draining medium, Drainage system
(3) Support layer, Drainage system, Drainage medium
(4) None of the above
462899 In which of the thickening operation pressurized air is diffused into tank
Options - Correct answer: 2

(1) Gravity thickening

(2) Floatation Thickening
(3) Co-settling
(4) Centrifugal

462900 Centrifugal thickeners are costly predominantly because of

Options - Correct answer: 1

(1) Maintenance & power

(2) Space
(3) Time
(4) None of the above

462901 During gravity belt thickening ____________is added

Options - Correct answer: 2

(1) Monomer
(2) Polymer
(3) Dimer
(4) None of the above

462902 Gravity belt thickener can be used for

Options - Correct answer: 4

(1) activated sludge

(2) anaerobic sludge
(3) aerobically digested sludge
(4) All of the above

462903 Which of the below is not a sludge management process

Options - Correct answer: 4

(1) Thickening
(2) Digestion
 (3) Dewatering
(4) None of the above

462904 In thickening by floatation, the sludge is collected from ______part of the tank
Options - Correct answer: 2

(1) Bottom
(2) Top
(3) No removal
(4) None of the above

462905 Identify the disadvantage of aerobic sludge digestion

Options - Correct answer: 3

(1) Space
(2) Time
(3) Energy intensive
(4) None of the above

462906 During aerobic sudge digestion the microorganisms enter endogenous phase because
Options - Correct answer: 2

(1) of high food supply

(2) Depleted food supply
(3) Moderate food supply
(4) None of the above

462941 One of the major advantage of anerobic treatment is

Options - Correct answer: 1

(1) Biogas production

(2) Cheap
(3) Long startup
(4) All of the above
462942 _________ uses anaerobic digestion.
Options - Correct answer: 2

(1) Incineration
(2) Fermentation
(3) Combustion
(4) Oxygenation

462943  How many steps are present in anaerobic digestion?

Options - Correct answer: 4

(1) one
(2) two
(3) three
(4) four

462944 What is the rate limiting step in anaerobic digestion?

Options - Correct answer: 1

(1) Methanogenesis
(2) Hydrolysis
(3) Acidifcation
(4) Acetogenesis

Topic: disposal of sludge

462930 The main purpose of dewatering during sludge management is to

Options - Correct answer: 4

(1) dry the sludge

(2) kill microbes
(3) remove odor
(4) remove as much water

462931 Disinfection of sludge is necessary for

Options - Correct answer: 4
 (1) agricultural recycling
(2) killing of pathogens
(3) safe disposal
(4) All of the above

462932 The percentage of water content in waste activated sludge is

Options - Correct answer: 2

(1) 100
(2) 98
(3) 58
(4) 48

462933 The percentage of water content in dewatered sludge is

Options - Correct answer: 2

(1) 100
(2) 50
(3) 10
(4) 5

462934 The detention time for sludge treatment in aerobic digester is

Options - Correct answer: 3

(1) 1 to 2 h
(2) 1 to 2 day
(3) 10 to 20 days
(4) 1 to 2 year

462935 The support layer in sludge drying bed is provided by

Options - Correct answer: 1

(1) Bricks and sand

(2) activated carbon
(3) charcoal
(4) All of the above
462936 Which one of the following is a probable direct result of having too much flow detention time in a
clarifier ?
Options - Correct answer: 2

(1) Sludge will become stiff and hard to pump

(2) Septic odors will be released
(3) Algae growths will form in the launders
(4) None of the above

Topic: Individual and Common Effluent Treatment Plants

462869 Which of the following is an example of suspended growth system

Options - Correct answer: 2

(1) Trickling filter

(2) Activated sludge
(3) Rotating Biological contractor
(4) None of the above

462870 Which of the following is an example of attached growth system

Options - Correct answer: 4

(1) Trickling filter

(2) Anaerobic filter
(3) Rotating Biological contractor
(4) All the above

462871 Which of the following cannot be used as media during attached growth system
Options - Correct answer: 4

(1) Rock
(2) Gravel
(3) plastic
(4) None of the above
462872 Which of the following is essential unit operation after activated sludge
Options - Correct answer: 1

(1) Secondary clarifier

(2) Equalization
(3) Neutralization
(4) None of the above

462873 Neutralization of wastewater is essentail because

Options - Correct answer: 3

(1) to increase the pH

(2) to decrease the pH
(3) to maintain pH 7
(4) None of the above

462874 Recycling of settled biomass is not essential in

Options - Correct answer: 2

(1) Activated sludge

(2) Biotrickling filter
(3) ASP
(4) None of the above

462875 Mechanical aeration is essential in

Options - Correct answer: 3

(1) RBC
(2) BTF
(3) ASP
(4) None of the above

462876 Aeration in activated process is provided for _______purpose

Options - Correct answer: 3

(1) Mixing and No aeration

(2) No Mixing and only aeration
 (3) Mixing and Aeration
(4) None of the above

Topic: Management of RO rejects

462937 Identify which of the following is not RO reject managament

Options - Correct answer: 4

(1) Surface water discharge

(2) STP discharge
(3) Deep well injections
(4) None of the above

462938 Identify which of the following is RO reject managament

Options - Correct answer: 4

(1) Surface water discharge

(2) STP discharge
(3) Deep well injections
(4) All of the above

462939 Deep well injection for RO reject managements is difficult because

Options - Correct answer: 3

(1) No marine impact

(2) Viable for small inland plants
(3) Needs isolated aquifier
(4) None of the above

462940 Land application for RO reject managements is difficult because

Options - Correct answer: 2

(1) No marine impact

(2) Requires large area of land
(3) Irrigate salt tolerant species
 (4) None of the above

Topic: Quality requirements for Wastewater reuse

462877 if the SAR of treated water is found to be 6.5, for what purpose this treated water could be reused
Options - Correct answer: 3

(1) Irrigation
(2) Domestic
(3) both of these
(4) None of the above

462878 If the treated water quality has to be excellent, what should be the SAR
Options - Correct answer: 3

(1) 30
(2) 20
(3) 7
(4) None of the above

462879 SAR is the ratio of sodium concentration divided by square root of one half of ______ ions
Options - Correct answer: 1

(1) Calcium and magnesium

(2) Magnesium and Manganese
(3) Calcium and Sodium
(4) Sodium and Potassium

462880 Identify the disadvantage of wastewater reuse

Options - Correct answer: 3

(1) Seasonal in nature

(2) Health risks
(3) both of these
(4) None of the above

462881 Idnetify the advantages of wastewater reuse

 Options - Correct answer: 3

(1) Reduces water demand

(2) Reduce sophisticated wastewater treatment plants
(3) both of these
(4) None of the above

Topic: Quantification and characteristics of Sludge

462885 Which of the below is not the objective of sludge stabilization process
Options - Correct answer: 2

(1) Reduce pathogens

(2) Remove organic carbon
(3) decrease odors
(4) None of the above

462886 Which of the following process is not involved in sludge thickening?

Options - Correct answer: 2

(1) Gravity thickening

(2) Vacuum filter
(3) Air flotation
(4) Centrifugation

462887 In which of the following method, the sludge is rotated for dewatering process?
Options - Correct answer: 1

(1) Centrifugation
(2) Drying lagoon
(3) Drying bed
(4) Vacuum filter

462888 In which of the following process, the sludge is dried and disposed in land?
Options - Correct answer: 2

(1) Centrifugation
 (2) Drying lagoon
(3) Drying bed
(4) Vacuum filter

Topic: Residuals of industrial wastewater treatment

462882 Typical solids concentration (%) in activated sludge without thickening is

Options - Correct answer: 1

(1) 0.5 - 1.5

(2) 2.0 - 5.0
(3) 12.0 - 50.0
(4) None of the above

462883 Typical solids concentration (%) in dewatered sludge is

Options - Correct answer: 3

(1) 0.5 - 1.5

(2) 2.0 - 5.0
(3) 12.0 - 50.0
(4) None of the above

462884 Which of the below is the objective of sludge stabilization process

Options - Correct answer: 4

(1) Reduce pathogens

(2) eliminate offensive odor
(3) inhibit putrefaction
(4) All of the above

Topic: Thickening

462889 Identify the correct sequence

Options - Correct answer: 1

(1) Thickening, Stabilization, Dewatering, Disposal

(2) Dewatering, Stabilization, Thickening, Disposal
 (3) Stabilization, Thickening, Dewatering, Disposal
(4) None of the above

462890 ___________process is not necessary if the sludge is to be incinerated

Options - Correct answer: 3

(1) Dewatering
(2) Thickening
(3) Stabilization
(4) All of the above

462891 Which of the below is not the technology for sludge stabilization
Options - Correct answer: 4

(1) Lime treatment

(2) Anaerobic digestion
(3) Aerobic digestion
(4) None of the above

462892 Which of the below is the sludge stabilization technology

Options - Correct answer: 4

(1) Lime treatment

(2) Anaerobic digestion
(3) Aerobic digestion
(4) All of the above

462893 In lime stabilization process the pH is increased to

Options - Correct answer: 4

(1) 2
(2) 5
(3) 7
(4) 12

462894 Which of the following can be used in lime stabilization of sludge

 Options - Correct answer: 4

(1) Ca(OH)2
(2) CaO
(3) Hydrated lime
(4) All of the above

462895 Which of the below is the disadvantage of sludge drying beds

Options - Correct answer: 3

(1) Continuous attention required

(2) Sophisticated technology
(3) Large area required
(4) None of the above

462896 Which of the below is the advantage of sludge drying beds

Options - Correct answer: 1

(1) less attention required

(2) Sophisticated technology
(3) Large area required
(4) None of the above

462897 Which of the below is not a sludge thickening process

Options - Correct answer: 1

(1) Lime stabilizaton

(2) Gravity belt
(3) centrifugation
(4) flotation

Questions in Unit-5

Topic: fertilizers

467562 Nitrogen fixation is

 Options - Correct answer: 4

(1) Nitrogen to Ammonia

(2) Nitrogen to Nitrates
(3) Nitrogen to Amino acids
(4) Both a and b

467563 Biofertilizers are used to

Options - Correct answer: 3

(1) Kill pests

(2) Prevent pest growth
(3) Retain soil fertility
(4) All the above

467564 Agricultural chemicals include

Options - Correct answer: 4

(1) Pesticides
(2) Fertilizers
(3) Growth regulators
(4) All of these

Topic: food processing

467572 Statement 1: All food additives are carcinogenic, Statement 2: Food additives must be avoided as f
Options - Correct answer: 4

(1) True, False

(2) True, True
(3) False, False
(4) False, True

467573 Statement 1: Preservatives are food additives, Statement 2: Sweeteners consist of calorie, low-calor
calorie sweeteners.
Options - Correct answer: 2
 (1) True, False
(2) True, True
(3) False, False
(4) False, True

Topic: Industrial manufacturing process description

467499 "Xenobiotics" are _____________

Options - Correct answer: 3

(1) products used for the biological control of pests

(2) special soil amendments favored in organic farming
(3) synthetic organic compounds not found in nature
(4) both answers 1 and 2

467500 Which of the following is not an xenobiotic

Options - Correct answer: 4

(1) PCBs
(2) Halocarbons
(3) synthetic polymers
(4) None of the above

467501 Which of the following is the properties of xenobiotic compounds

Options - Correct answer: 4

(1) extremely stable in nature

(2) insoluble in water
(3) microorganisms do not recognize them as substrate
(4) All of the above

467502 What are the methods available for PCB removal from environment
Options - Correct answer: 4

(1) Natural stimulation

(2) bioaugumentation
 (3) biostimulation
(4) All of the above

467503 Which of these are structural features of xenobiotics

Options - Correct answer: 4

(1) Instead of hydrogen, halogen is present

(2) Other groups like sulphonate, nitro, are present
(3) Branched linear chains are more resistant to biodegradation
(4) All of the above

467504 What are xenobiotics?

Options - Correct answer: 4

(1) Another form of antibiotics

(2) A form of nutrient
(3) Nutrients which kill the gut harmful microbes
(4) Anything that is not nutrients and enters the body through different routes

Topic: petroleum

467546 Which of the following is not a volatile organic compound?

Options - Correct answer: 1

(1) Hydrochloric acid

(2) Acetaldehyde
(3) Formaldehyde
(4) Dicholoromethane

467547 The formation of ferrous sulphide leads to the blackening of water.

Options - Correct answer: 1

(1) Right
(2) Wrong
(3) Not always
(4) None of the above
467548 What is the minimum required the temperature to categorize as volatile solids (oC)?
Options - Correct answer: 1

(1) 500
(2) 600
(3) 700
(4) 800

467565 Biodiesel is produced from oils or fats using

Options - Correct answer: 2

(1) (A) fermentation

(2) (B) transesterification
(3) (C) distillation
(4) (D) none of the above

467566 Which of the below is a catalyst used in trans-esterification process.

Options - Correct answer: 2

(1) Methanol
(2) NaOH
(3) CO2
(4) HCl

467567 Which of the below is not involved in the trans-esterification process

Options - Correct answer: 2

(1) NaOH
(2) HCl
(3) Glycerin
(4) Triglycerides

467568 Which among the following is used to block thief zones in MEOR
Options - Correct answer: 3

(1) Biosurfactants
(2) Biosolvents
 (3) Biopolymers
(4) None of the above

467569 How does in-situ bioremediation differ from ex-situ bioremediation?

Options - Correct answer: 3

(1) In-situ and ex-situ bioremediation are the same thing.

(2) In-situ refers to the environment before bioremediation; ex-situ refers to the environment after
bioremediation.
(3) In-situ bioremediation takes place in the natural setting; ex-situ bioremediation refers to the rem
the soil or water from its natural setting followed by bioremediation off-site.
(4) In-situ bioremediation refers to bioremediation of pollutants in the environment; ex-situ refers t
bioremediation of pollutants in the air.

467570 How does biostimulation relate to in-situ bioremediation?

Options - Correct answer: 1

(1) In-situ bioremediation can be enhanced by biostimulation

(2) There is no relationship between the two
(3) When biostimulation is used this changes in-situ bioremediation to ex-situ bioremediation
(4) Biostimulation slows down in-situ bioremediation

467571 A process using microbes to convert toxic industrial wastes to less toxic or non-toxic compounds is
Options - Correct answer: 4

(1) Precipitation
(2) Complement fixation
(3) Bioconversion
(4) Bioremediation

Topic: pharmaceutical

467541 Which of the following includes sharp wastes from pharmaceutical industries
Options - Correct answer: 4

(1) Needles
(2) Scalpels
 (3) blades
(4) All of the above

467542 Which of the following are included as other category of pharmaceuticals

Options - Correct answer: 4

(1) solids
(2) powders
(3) ampolues
(4) All of the above

467543 Which of the following disposal methods are used for pharmaceutical wastes
Options - Correct answer: 4

(1) Incineration
(2) landfilling
(3) immobilization
(4) All of the above

467544 Red color code is given to ________types of containers

Options - Correct answer: 1

(1) disinfected
(2) proof
(3) sharp
(4) none of the above

467545 Which of the following is not correct with respect to the effect of oil on treatment systems?
Options - Correct answer: 1

(1) Foam formation

(2) Toxic to anaerobic bacteria
(3) Interferes with settling
(4) Explosive with pure oxygen
 Topic: pulp and paper

467530 At this stage of wastewater treatment, methanogenic microbes are the most significant
Options - Correct answer: 1

(1) Sludge digestion

(2) Primary treatment
(3) Secondary treatment
(4) Biological oxidation

467531 Which of the following microbes are used in anaerobic digesters

Options - Correct answer: 4

(1) acidogens
(2) acetogens
(3) methanogens
(4) all of the above

467532 Which class of microbes brings out the conversion of acetic acids to acetate
Options - Correct answer: 2

(1) acidogens
(2) acetogens
(3) methanogens
(4) hydrolytic microbes

467533 The following class of microbes brings out the degradation of polysaccharides to fatty acids
Options - Correct answer: 4

(1) acidogens
(2) acetogens
(3) methanogens
(4) hydrolytic microbes

467534 ____________is recycled in ASP

Options - Correct answer: 1
 (1) Sludge
(2) Sewage
(3) Grit
(4) None of the above

467535 __________is recycled in trickling filter

Options - Correct answer: 2

(1) Sludge
(2) Sewage
(3) Grit
(4) None of the above

467536 In case of trickling filter oxygen circulation takes place because of _____difference between sewag
suurounding air
Options - Correct answer: 1

(1) Level
(2) Temperature
(3) Color
(4) all of the above

467537 The detention time is final clarifier for treated water is

Options - Correct answer: 1

(1) 6-8 h
(2) 15-20 h
(3) 20 - 24 h
(4) None of the above

467538 Which of the following raw material are used for paper making
Options - Correct answer: 4

(1) wood
(2) baggase
(3) hemp and straw
 (4) all of the above

467539 The COD from paper and pulp industries is as high as (in mg/L)
Options - Correct answer: 3

(1) 100
(2) 1000
(3) 10000
(4) none of the above

467540 which of these enzymes are used for ligin breakdown and bleaching
Options - Correct answer: 4

(1) ligininase
(2) cellulase
(3) peroxidases
(4) all of the above

Topic: sugar and Distilleries

467549 To remove non-sugars and impurities, the process is

Options - Correct answer: 4

(1) Liming
(2) Sulphitation
(3) Phosphatation
(4) All of the above

467550 The sugar from the juice is obtained using

Options - Correct answer: 3

(1) carbonation
(2) Liming
(3) multi effect evaporator
(4) None of the above

467551 Which of the following is not a common method used for purification?
 Options - Correct answer: 3

(1) Sublimation
(2) Condenstation
(3) Crystallization
(4) None of the above

467552 Crystallization is based on ______

Options - Correct answer: 4

(1) Difference in melting point

(2) Difference in boiling point
(3) Difference in pressure
(4) Difference in solubility

467553 Statement 1: The solubility of NaCl increases with the increase in temperature. Statement 2: Crysta
hindered by nucleation taking place on the crystal surface.
Options - Correct answer: 2

(1) True, False

(2) True, True
(3) False, True
(4) False, False

467554 Parameters affecting crystallization are ____________

Options - Correct answer: 4

(1) Agitator speed

(2) Chemical Population density
(3) Purity of solution
(4) All of the above

467555 At a particular temperature, the solution which cannot dissolve more solute is called
Options - Correct answer: 1

(1) saturated solution

(2) unsaturated solution
 (3) aqueous solution
(4) supersaturated solution

467556 In the presence of crystals of solute, a supersaturated solution is

Options - Correct answer: 1

(1) not stable

(2) stable
(3) cannot be made
(4) none of above

467557 What is a supersaturated solution?

Options - Correct answer: 1

(1) A solution that has more solute than can normally be dissolved
(2) A solution that has less solute than can normally be dissolved
(3) A solution that has the maximum amount of solute dissolved at room temperature
(4) A solution that is made of two liquids

467558 Which of the following is necessary for creating a supersaturated solution?

Options - Correct answer: 1

(1) Heating the solution prior to adding more solute

(2) Cooling the solution prior to adding more solute
(3) Equal concentrations of solute and solvent
(4) Excess solvent added at room temperature

467559 Identify the correct sequence of crystal formation

Options - Correct answer: 3

(1) Nucleation à Supersaturation à Crystal growth

(2) Crystal growth à Nucleation à Supersaturation
(3) Supersaturation à Nucleation à Crystal growth
(4) None of the above
467560 Supersaturation of the solution can be achieved by
Options - Correct answer: 4

(1) Evaporation of solvent

(2) Cooling of solution
(3) Formation of new solute as result of chemical reaction
(4) All of the above

467561 Heterogeneous nucleation can be achieved by

Options - Correct answer: 1

(1) Introduction of dust particle

(2) Removal of solutes
(3) Removal of dust particles
(4) None of the above

Topic: Tanneries

467525 Advanced oxidation process includes the use of

Options - Correct answer: 4

(1) OH radicals
(2) Ozone
(3) UV radiation
(4) All of the above

467526 Advanced oxidation processes are cheap.

Options - Correct answer: 2

(1) 1
(2) 0
(3) Not always
(4) None of the above

467527 Advanced oxidation process is also used to kill microbes

Options - Correct answer: 1
 (1) 1
(2) 0
(3) Not always
(4) None of the above

467528 Which of following steps are performed while leather making

Options - Correct answer: 4

(1) Spliting
(2) reliming
(3) bating
(4) all of the above

467529 Tanning is done to

Options - Correct answer: 3

(1) give color

(2) remove hair
(3) staibilize proteins from putrefying
(4) all of the above

Topic: Textile

467518 which of the following are not a part of the textile industries
Options - Correct answer: 4

(1) Desizing
(2) scouring
(3) bleaching
(4) none of the above

467519 Which of the following are examples of genotoxic pollutants

Options - Correct answer: 4

(1) mutagens
(2) carcinogens
 (3) tetrogens
(4) all of the above

467520 Which of the following can be used as adsorbent for dye removal
Options - Correct answer: 4

(1) activated clay

(2) silica
(3) fly ash
(4) all of the above

467521 What is the process used in AOP?

Options - Correct answer: 1

(1) Oxidation
(2) Reduction
(3) Substitution
(4) Chlorination

467522 Advanced oxidation processes are used to remove organic materials in water and wastewater.
Options - Correct answer: 1

(1) 1
(2) 0
(3) Not always
(4) None of the above

467523 Organic materials in wastewater are removed by oxidation through reactions with _______
Options - Correct answer: 2

(1) hydrogen
(2) hydroxyl radicals
(3) water
(4) oxygen

467524 Which of the chemical is used in AOP

 Options - Correct answer: 3

(1) Hydrogen
(2) Chlorine
(3) OH radical
(4) KMnO4

Topic: wastewater characteristics

467505 What does the bacterium use to grow?

Options - Correct answer: 2

(1) Oxygen
(2) organic pollutants
(3) water
(4) carbon di oxide

467506 which of the below is an example of terminal electron acceptor in case of aerobic degradation
Options - Correct answer: 3

(1) CO2
(2) NO2
(3) O2
(4) PO2

467507 which of the below acts as terminal electron acceptor in case of anoxic degradation
Options - Correct answer: 1

(1) NO2
(2) O2
(3) N2
(4) NH3

467508 which of the following can acts as terminal electron acceptor during anerobic degradation
Options - Correct answer: 4

(1) NO2
 (2) NO3
(3) SO2
(4) All of the above

467509 After being applied to soil, organic compounds may be destroyed by which of the following proces
Options - Correct answer: 4

(1) biological degradation

(2) chemical decomposition
(3) leaching to groundwater
(4) both answers 1 and 2

467510  Select the incorrect option:

Options - Correct answer: 2

(1) The aromatic hydrocarbon has a pleasant aroma (smell)

(2)  Some of the aromatic compounds are ring-shaped
(3) Aromatic hydrocarbon can be either mono or polycyclic
(4) Benzene is the simplest hydrocarbon

467511 What happens during detoxification of pesticides

Options - Correct answer: 4

(1) break down of chemical

(2) degradation of chemical
(3) mineralization of chemical
(4) conversion to non-toxic chemical

467512 Environmental biotechnology involves

Options - Correct answer: 4

(1) use of microbes to clenaup environment

(2) bioremediation
(3) study of benefits and hazards associated with GMMs
(4) All of the above
467513 the use of living organism to to degrade environmental pollutants is called as
Options - Correct answer: 3

(1) microremediation
(2) nanoremediation
(3) bioremediation
(4) all of the above

467514 A process using microbes to convert toxic industrial wastes to less toxic or non-toxic compounds is
Options - Correct answer: 4

(1) Precipitation
(2) Complement Fixation
(3) Bioconversion
(4) Bioremediation

467515 The temperature that allows for most rapid growth during a short period of time is known as
Options - Correct answer: 3

(1) Minimum Temperature

(2) Maximum Temperature
(3) Optimum Temperature
(4) Growth Temperature

467516 Oxygen in aerobic microbes is used as

Options - Correct answer: 3

(1) carbon source

(2) nutrient source
(3) final e acceptor
(4) None of the above

467517 Main disadvantage of biological treatment is

Options - Correct answer: 1

(1) Time consuming

(2) Harmful byproducts
(3) Costly
(4) All the above