0% found this document useful (1 vote)
489 views40 pages

Chapter 8: SALT / GARAM 8.1 Salt / Garam: Salts Uses

This document provides information about salts and their properties. It discusses the formation of salts through the replacement of hydrogen ions in acids by metal ions or ammonium ions. It also matches various salts with their common uses such as barium sulfate being used as a fungicide. The document further discusses the solubility of different salts, methods of preparing soluble and insoluble salts through various chemical reactions, and the physical properties of salt crystals such as their regular geometric shapes and flat, parallel faces.

Uploaded by

Fion
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
0% found this document useful (1 vote)
489 views40 pages

Chapter 8: SALT / GARAM 8.1 Salt / Garam: Salts Uses

This document provides information about salts and their properties. It discusses the formation of salts through the replacement of hydrogen ions in acids by metal ions or ammonium ions. It also matches various salts with their common uses such as barium sulfate being used as a fungicide. The document further discusses the solubility of different salts, methods of preparing soluble and insoluble salts through various chemical reactions, and the physical properties of salt crystals such as their regular geometric shapes and flat, parallel faces.

Uploaded by

Fion
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 40

KIMIA MODUL PEACE HALUS 2018

Chapter 8 : SALT / GARAM

8.1 Salt / Garam

1 Salt is an ionic compound formed when the………………….ion, H+ from an


acid is replace by a metal ion or an ammonium ion, NH4+

Sebatian ionik yang terhasil apabila……………., H⁺ dari asid digantikan dengan


ion logam atau ion ammonium, NH4+

2 Match the following salts with their uses.


Padankan garam dengan kegunaannya

Salts Uses
Garam Kegunaan
Barium sulphate   Fungicide
Barium sulfat Racun serangga
BaSO4
Calsium sulphate   Bleaching agent
Kalsium sulfat Agen peluntur
CaSO4
Iron sulphate   Paint for yellow line
Ferum(II) sulfat on road
FeSO4 Cat untuk garisan
kuning di atas jalan
raya
Ammonium nitrate   X-ray ‘meals’ in
Ammonium nitrat hospital
NH4NO3 Pemeriksaan X-ray di
hospital
Copper(II) sulphate   Nitrogenous fertilizer
Kuprum(II) sulfat Baja nitrogen
CuSO4
Sodium chloride   Toothpaste
Natrium klorida Ubat gigi
NaCl
Sodium hydrogen   Iron tablets, for
carbonate anaemia patient
Natrium hydrogen Tablet iron untuk
karbonat pesakit anemia
NaHCO3
Sodium nitrite   Baking powder
Natrium nitrit Serbuk penaik
NaNO2
Sodium hypochlorite   Preserve food
NaOCl Mengawet makanan
Natrium hipoklorit
Tin(II) fluoride   A flavouring

@JU KIMIA PERAK


KIMIA MODUL PEACE HALUS 2018

Stanum florida Perasa


SnF2
Lead(II) chromate   Plaster of Paris for
Plumbum(II) kromat broken bone
PbCrO4 Plaster Paris untuk
tulang patah
3 Solubility of salts / Keterlarutan garam
.

Hg+

No Formula Solubility ( , X ) No Formula Solubility ( , X )


of Salt of Salt
1 PbCO3 21 MgCO3
2 NaCl 22 KCl
3 CaSO4 23 (NH4)2SO4
4 AgNO3 24 Cu(NO3)2
5 K2CO3 25 SnCO3
6 FeCl3 26 CaCl2
7 Na2SO4 27 BaSO4
8 NH4NO3 28 KNO3
9 CuSO4 29 Ag2CO3
10 PbCl2 30 MgCl2
11 ZnCO3 31 ZnSO4
12 Ca(NO3)2 32 Ba(NO3)2
13 Na2CO3 33 FeCO3
14 AgCl 34 NH4Cl
15 PbSO4 35 Fe(NO3)3
16 Pb(NO3)2 36 MgSO4
17 (NH4)2CO3 37 BaCO3
18 HgCl2 38 ZnCl2
19 Na2SO4 39 FeSO4
20 NaNO3 40 Mg(NO3)2

@JU KIMIA PERAK


KIMIA MODUL PEACE HALUS 2018

4 Preparation of soluble salts / Penyediaan garam terlarutkan


.
No Type of reaction Complete the answer
Jenis tindakbalas Lengkapkan jawapan
1 -Neutralisation reaction (acid
with alkali)-preparation for HCl + NaOH
sodium, potassium and
ammonium salts only KOH + H2SO4
Tindak balas peneutralan
(antara asid dan alkali)-
penyediaan garam natrium,
kalium dan ammonium
sahaja
- To prepare the above salts,
……………… technique is
use
-Untuk menyediakan garam
di atas,………………….teknik
………………digunakan

2 Reaction between acid and CuO + HCl


metal oxide
Tindak balas asid dengan MgO + H2SO4
oksida logam
ZnO + HNO3
3 Reaction between acid and Mg + HCl
metal (follow the Zn + H₂SO4
electrochemical series - the Cu + H₂SO4
more electropositive metal
than hydrogen)
Tindak balas asid dengan
logam (mengikut Siri
Elektrokimia-logam yang
lebih elektropositif daripada
hydrogen)
4 Reaction between acid and MgCO3 + HCl
metal carbonate CuCO3 +H2SO4
Tindak balas asid dengan
logam karbonat

5 Preparing of insoluble salts / Penyediaan garam tak terlarutkan


a) Insoluble salts can be prepared through …………………. reactions or
………. method.
Garam tak terlarutkan boleh disediakan dengan tindak
balas………………….. atau kaedah…………………..
b) Preparing of insoluble salt plumbum(II) carbonat
Penyediaan garam tak terlarutkan plumbum(II) karbonat
Pb + CO3 PbCO3 +

@JU KIMIA PERAK


KIMIA MODUL PEACE HALUS 2018

-Get any soluble salt that contain kation of insoluble salt


Dapatkan larutan garam terlarutkan yang mengandungi kation garam
tak terlarutkan
-Get any soluble salt that contain anion of insoluble salt
Dapatkan larutan garam terlarutkan yang mengandungi anion garam
tak terlarutkan
Example / Contoh:
a) Pb(NO3)2 + (NH4)2CO3 PbCO3 + 2NH4NO3
b) Pb(NO3)2+ Na2CO3 PbCO3+2NaNO3
c) Pb(NO3)2 + K2CO3 PbCO3 + 2KNO3

6. Physical properties of crystals


Sifat fizikal Kristal

a) In the preparation of soluble salt, ………….. is formed while in the


preparation of insoluble salt, ……………….. is formed
Dalam penyediaan garam terlarutkan, ………… terbentuk tetapi dalam
penyediaan garam tak terlarutkan, ………………. terbentuk

b) All crystals have these physical characteristics:


Ciri-ciri fizikal hablur:
-Reqular …………………. shapes, such as cubic or hexagonal
Bentuk …………………….. tertentu (kiub, rombus atau prisma)
-Flat ………., …………………. and ………angles
-Permukaan ……………….., …………………………. dan bucu tajam
-Same ………….. between adjacent faces.
……………………..tetap antara dua permukaan bersebelahan
-All crystals of the same salt have the ……………… shape although the
sizes may be ………………...
Saiz mungkin ……………… bagi bentuk geometri yang …………….

@JU KIMIA PERAK


KIMIA MODUL PEACE HALUS 2018

EXAM EXERCISE / LATIHAN PEPERIKSAAN

PAPER 2: STRUCTURE
KERTAS 2: STRUKTUR

1 Diagram 1 shows the apparatus set up for the preparation of zinc sulphate from
zinc carbonate and acid
Rajah 1 menunjukkan susunan radas untuk penyediaan zink sulfat daripada zink
karbonat dengan suatu asid

Rajah 1
Diagram 1
(a) What is the meaning of salt?
Apakah yang dimaksudkan dengan garam?

……………………………………………………………………………..
[1 mark / 1 markah]
(b) (i) Draw the diagram for step II in the box provided
Lukis gambar rajah untuk langkah II dalam kotak yang disediakan
[2 mark / 2 markah]
(ii) What is the purpose of carrying out step II?
Apakah tujuan melakukan langkah II?

…………………………………………………………………………
[1 mark / 1 markah]

@JU KIMIA PERAK


KIMIA MODUL PEACE HALUS 2018

(c ) (i) Name the acid used


Namakan asid yang digunakan

…………………………………………………………………………
[1 mark / 1 markah]

(ii) Write the chemical equation for the reaction


Tuliskan persamaan kimia untuk tindak balas ini.

…………………………………………………………………………
[2 mark / 2 markah]

(d) Magnesium oxide Salt solution A Magnesium


Magnesium oksida Larutan garam A carbonate
Magnesium
Step 1/ Langkah 1: Step 2/Langkah 2:
karbonat
Sulphuric acid is added Solution B is added
Ditambahkan asid sulfurik Ditambahkan larutan B

(i) Name salt solution A


Namakan larutan garam A

…………………………………………………………………………
[1 mark / 1 markah]

(ii) If salt solution A is added to the solution B, magnesium carbonate is


produced. Name the solution B.
Apabila larutan garam A ditambahkan dengan larutan B, mendakan
magnesium karbonat dihasilkan. Cadangkan larutan B yang
digunakan

…………………………………………………………………………
[1 mark / 1 markah]

(iii) If 15 cm3 0.5 mol dm-3 sulphuric acid react with excess magnesium
oxide, calculate the mass of salt A produced
15 cm3 asid sulfurik dengan kemolaran 0.5 mol dm-3 bertindak balas
dengan magnesium oksida berlebihan, hitungkan jisim garam A

[3 mark / 3 markah]

@JU KIMIA PERAK


KIMIA MODUL PEACE HALUS 2018

2 Table 2 shows four types of salts.


Jadual 2 menunjukkan empat jenis garam.

Sodium carbonate Lead(II) chloride


Natrium karbonat Plumbum(II) klorida
Zinc nitrate Copper(II) sulphate
Zink nitrat Kuprum(II) sulfat
Table 2 / Jadual 2
With reference to the salts given above, answer the following question :
Dengan merujuk kepada garam-garam di atas, jawab soalan berikut :
(a) Write the chemical formula of sodium carbonate.
Tuliskan formula kimia bagi natrium karbonat

………………………………………………………………………………
[1 mark / 1 markah ]

(b) State the name of the salt which is insoluble in water.


Nyatakan namakan garam yang tidak larut dalam air.

………………………………………………………………………………
[ 1 mark/1 markah]

( c) When 15 cm3 of sodium carbonate 0.8 mol dm-3 is added to lead(II) nitrate
in excess, white precipitate is produced
Apabila 15 cm3 larutan natrium karbonat 0.8 mol dm-3 dicampurkan
kepada larutan plumbum(II) nitrat berlebihan, suatu mendakan putih
terbentuk

(i) Write the ionic equation for the formation of white precipitate.
Tuliskan persamaan ion untuk pembentukan mendakan putih.

…………………………………………………………………………………
[ 2 mark/2 markah]

(ii) Explain the ionic equation at (c) (i).


Perihalkan persamaan ion di (c) (i).

…………………………………………………………………………
[ 1 mark/1 markah]

(d) State the type of reaction in the preparation of lead(II) chloride salt.
Nyatakan jenis tindak balas dalam penyediaan garam plumbum(II) klorida.

………………………………………………………………………………………
[ 1 mark/ markah]
(e) State two uses of salt in daily life.
Nyatakan dua kegunaan garam dalam kehidupan harian.

………………………………………………………………………………………
[ 2 mark/ 2 markah]
(f) Shells of snails , cockles and oysters contain a chemical substance called

@JU KIMIA PERAK


KIMIA MODUL PEACE HALUS 2018

calsium carbonate salt


Cangkerang bagi kerang, siput dan tiram mengandungi bahan kimia yang
dikenali sebagai garam kalsium karbonat
(i) State the type of salt in terms of solubility
Nyatakan jenis garam itu dari segi keterlarutan

………………………………………………………………………
[ 1 mark/ markah]

(ii) Calcium carbonate can be prepared through double decomposition


reaction in the laboratory. Suggest two chemical substances that can
be used to prepare the salt.
Kalsium karbonat boleh disediakan melalui tindak balas penguraian
ganda dua dalam makmal. Cadangkan dua bahan kimia yang boleh
digunakan untuk menyediakan garam iu.

…………………………………………………………………………
[2 mark/ 2markah]

3 The following are three examples of sulphate salts that can be prepared in the
laboratory.
Berikut adalah contoh-contoh garam sulfat yang boleh disediakan di dalam
makmal.
• Sodium sulphate, Na2SO4
Natrium sulfat, Na2SO4
• Barium sulphate, BaSO4
Barium sulfat, BaSO4
• Copper(II) sulphate, CuSO4
Kuprum(II) sulfat, CuSO4
(a) From these examples, identify the soluble and insoluble salts.
Dari contoh-contoh tersebut, kenalpasti garam larut dan garam tak larut.

……………………………………………………………………………

……………………………………………………………………………
[ 2 mark/ 2 markah]

(b) State the reactants for the preparation of the insoluble salt in (a).
Nyatakan bahan-bahan tindak balas bagi penyediaan garam tak larut
terlarutkan di (a).

………………………………………………………………………………

………………………………………………………………………………

[ 2 mark/ 2 markah]

@JU KIMIA PERAK


KIMIA MODUL PEACE HALUS 2018

Diagram 3 shows experiment I and experiment II in the preparation of salt


Rajah 3 menunjukkan eksperimen I dan II dalam penyediaan garam
Method / Kaedah

Precipitate X
Mendakan X

Diagram 3
Rajah 3
Based on experiment 1
Berdasarkan eksperimen 1
(c) State the name for the reaction
Nyatakan nama bagi tindak balas berikut

………………………………………………………………………………
[ 1 mark/ 1 markah]

(d) Write the chemical equation for the reaction that occurs in the conical flask
Tuliskan persamaan bagi tindak balas yang berlaku di dalam kelalang kon

…………………………………………………………………………………………
[ 2 mark/ 2 markah]
(e) Based on experiment II
Berdasarkan eksperimen II
(i) State the name of the reaction
Nyatakan nama bagi tindak balas itu

…………………………………………………………………………
[ [2 mark/ 2 markah]

@JU KIMIA PERAK


KIMIA MODUL PEACE HALUS 2018

(ii) State the name of the precipitate X


Nyatakan nama bagi mendakan X

…………………………………………………………………………………
[ 1 mark/ 1 markah]

(iii) Write the ionic equation for the reaction


Tuliskan persamaan ion bagi tindak balas itu

…………………………………………………………………………
[ 1 mark/ 1 markah]

(iv) Calculate the maximum mass of precipitate X formed


Hitungkan jisim maksimum mendakan X yang terbentuk
Relative atomic mass, Pb=207, I=127
(Jisim atom relatif, Pb=207, I=127)

[ 2 mark/ 2 markah]

@JU KIMIA PERAK


KIMIA MODUL PEACE HALUS 2018

4 Table 5 shows Experiment I and II in the preparation of a salt


Jadual 5 menunjukkan Eksperimen I dan Eksperimen 2 dalam penyediaan
garam

(a) State one observation in Experiment 1


Nyatakan satu pemerhatian dalam Eksperimen 1

……………………………………………………………………………
[ I mark / 1 markah]

(b) Based on Experiment II :


Berdasarkan Eksperimen II :
(i) State the reason why copper(II) oxide is added in excess
Nyatakan sebab mengapa serbuk kuprum(II) oksida berlebihan
digunakan.

………………………………………………………………………
[ 1 mark/ markah]

(ii) State how the excess copper(II) oxide powder can be separated
from the products
Nyatakan bagaimana serbuk kuprum(II) oksida yang berlebihan itu
boleh diasingkan daripada hasil tindak balas itu?

………………………………………………………………………………

[ 1 mark/ markah]

@JU KIMIA PERAK


KIMIA MODUL PEACE HALUS 2018

(iii) State the chemical equation for the reaction that takes place in
Experiment II?
Tuliskan persamaan kimia bagi tindak balas yang berlaku dalam
Eksperimen II?
………………………………………………………………………………

[ 1 mark/ markah]

(c ) (i) State the type of reaction in the preparation of salts in Experiments I


and II.
Nyatakan jenis tindak balas bagi penyediaan garam dalam
Eksperimen I dan II

………………………………………………………………………
[ 1 mark/ markah]

5 (a) The diagram below shows the set-up of apparatus to prepare soluble salt Y
Rajah di bawah menunjukkan susunan radas bagi menyediakan garam larut Y

Nitric acid
Asid nitrik
25 cm3 of 1 mol dm-3 potassium hydroxide solution +
phenolphthalein
25 cm3 larutan kalium hidroksida 1 mol dm-3 +
fenolftalein

(i) Describe briefly how a crystal of salt Y is obtained from salt solution
Huraikan secara ringkas bagaimana hablur garam Y diperolehi
daripada larutan garamnya

…………………………………………………………………………

……………………………………………………………………….

…………………………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………
[3 mark / 3 markah]

@JU KIMIA PERAK


KIMIA MODUL PEACE HALUS 2018

PAPER 2: ESSAY
KERTAS 2 : ESEI
6 (a) The equation shows the reaction between zinc and acid X. Acid X is a
monoprotic acid.
Persamaan menunjukkan tindak balas antara zink dengan asid X. Asid X
adalah asid monoprotik.
Based on the equation,
Berdasarkan persamaan itu,
(i) Suggest acid X and identify salt Y
Cadangkan asid X dan kenalpasti garam Y

…………………………………………………………………………
[ 2 mark/ 2 markah]
(ii) From your answer in 6(a)(i), write a chemical equation for the reaction
Daripada jawapan anda di 6 (a) (i), tulis persamaan kimia bagi tindak
balas itu

…………………………………………………………………………
[2 mark/ 2 markah]
(b) Diagram 5 shows a a flow chart of zinc salts
Rajah 5 menunjukkan carta alir bagi garam zink

ZnSO4 Solution X
+
Larutan X
ZnCl2 ZnCO3 Salt
+
Garam
Reaction 1
Zn(NO3)2
Tindak balas 1
Reaction II +Acid W
Tindak balas II + Asid
W

Zinc salt
Garam zink

Diagram 5
Rajah 5

All the three salts, ZnSO4, ZnCl2, and Zn(NO3)2. In diagram 5 can be
converted to ZnCO3 by reaction 1, then ZnCO3 reacts with acid W to form a
zinc salt through reaction II.
Ketiga-tiga garam ZnSO4, ZnCl2, dan Zn(NO3)2. Dalam Rajah 6 boleh
ditukarkan kepada ZnCO3, melalui tindak balas I, kemudian ZnCO3 bertindak
balas dengan asid W untuk membentuk satu garam zink melaui tidak balas II

@JU KIMIA PERAK


KIMIA MODUL PEACE HALUS 2018

(i)  By choosing one of the three salts in Diagram 5, suggest solution


R to prepare zinc carbonate, ZnCO3.
Dengan memilih satu daripada tiga garam di Rajah 5,
cadangkan larutan R untuk menyediakan zink karbonat, ZnCO3.
 Write the chemical equation involved
Tulis persamaan kimia yang terlibat
 Describe a laboratory experiment to prepare zinc carbonate,
ZnCO3
Huraikan eksperimen makmal untuk meyediakan zink karbonat,
ZnCO3
Jawapan dengan rajah / Sample answer with diagram

The salt chosen is……………………..


Garam yang dipilih ialah:…………………..
Chemical equation:………………………………..
Persamaan Kimia:………………………………….
Prosedur:
Langkah-langkah:

Diagram /Rajah Procedure / Langkah-langkah


-Double decomposition reaction [Method :
Precipitation]
-Tindakbalas penguraian ganda dua [Kaedah:
Pemendakan]
-About 20 cm3 of 1.0 mol dm-3 ………………..is
measured and pour into a beaker
-Lebih kurang 20 cm3 1.0 mol dm-3 ……………...
disukat dan dituang ke dalam sebuah bikar.
- About 20 cm3 of 1.0 mol dm-3 ………………..is
measured and mixed with the solution above
-Lebih kurang 20 cm3 1.0 mol dm-3 natrium karbonat
disukat dan dicampurkan dengan larutan di atas itu
-The mixture is stirred with a glass rod
Campuran itu dikacau dengan satu rod kaca

-………………the mixture to get the …………….


-………………….campuran itu untuk
mendapatkan………………….

-Rinse the ……………. with distilled water.


-Bilas ……………..dengan air suling

@JU KIMIA PERAK


KIMIA MODUL PEACE HALUS 2018

-Dry theresidue with ……………..


-Keringkan …………….dengan …………..

[ 8 mark/ 8 markah]

(ii) Suggest acid W to prepare any one of the three zinc salt in Diagram 5.
Write a chemical equation involved and describe a laboratory
experiment to prepare the salt
Cadangkan asid W untuk menyediakan salah satu daripada tiga garam
zink di Rajah 5. Tulis persamaan kimia yang terlibat dan huraikan
eksperimen makmal untuk menyediakan garam itu.
Answer:
Jawapan:
Use……………..to prepare zinc sulphate, ZnSO4
Prosedur:
Langkah-langkah

Diagram / Rajah Procedure / Langkah-langkah


-Measure 50 cm3 of 2 mol dm-3 …………………
pour into a ……………..
-Sukat 50 cm3 2 mol dm-3 asid sulfurik dan tuang
ke dalam………………
-Use a spatula to add zinc carbonate bit by bit into
the acid.
Guna sebuah spatula untuk menambah zink
karbonat sedikit demi sedikit kepada asid
- ……..the beaker slowly and……….the mixture
……………….bikar itu dan ………kacau
campuran
-Continue adding………..until some of it no
longer………..
Terus menambah……….itu sehingga sebahagian
daripadanya tak boleh ………….

-………………….the mixture to get rid of


the………………………..
-………………….campuran itu untuk
mengeluarkan ………………………….

3
) -………………the filtrate into an……………..
-………………….hasil turasan ke
dalam…………………….
-Heat the solution until it is saturated
-Panaskan larutan sehingga tepu

@JU KIMIA PERAK


4
)
KIMIA MODUL PEACE HALUS 2018

-Cool the solution and allow it to crystallise


-Sejukkan larutan dan benarkan ia menjadi kristal

-…………….the crystals, wash with a …………


-………………hablur itu, basuh sedikit dengan
……………………….

-Dry the crystals between sheets of……………..


(6)
-Keringkan hablur antara kepingan……………….
-Recrystallization can be carried out to get
…………………of zinc sulphate
-Penghabluran semula boleh dijalankan untuk
mendapatkan……………….zink sulfat

[8 mark/ 8 markah]

@JU KIMIA PERAK


KIMIA MODUL PEACE HALUS 2018

EXAM EXERCISE / LATIHAN PEPERIKSAAN

PAPER 3 (STRUCTURE)
KERTAS 3(STRUKTUR)
7 Diagram 1 shows Step 1and Step II in an experiment to construct an ionic
equation for the formation of barium chromate(VI)
Rajah 1 menunjukkan langkah 1 dan II bagi eksperimen untuk membina
persamaan ion bagi pembentukan barium kromat(VI).

Diagram 1
Rajah 1
0.5 mol dm-3 barium chloride. BaCl2 solution was added to each test-tube
containing 5.0 cm3 potassium chromate (VI), K2CrO4 solution according to the
volumes shown in step II. Each test tube is stopped and shaken well. Yellow
precipitate of barium chromate(VII) is formed
Larutan barium klorida, BaCl2 , 0.5 mol dm-3 ditambah ke dalam setiap tabung
uji yang mengandungi 5.0 cm3 larutan kalium kromat(VI), K2CrO4 0.5 mol dm-3
mengikut isipadu seperti yang ditunjukkan dalam langkah II. Setiap tabung uji
ditutup dan digoncang. Mendakan kuning barium kromat(VI) terbentuk

@JU KIMIA PERAK


KIMIA MODUL PEACE HALUS 2018

Table 1 shows the results for this experiment


Jadual 7 menunjukkan keputusan eksperimen tersebut
Test tube 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Tabung uji
Volume of 0.5 mol dm-3 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 7.0
barium chloride. BaCl2
solution / cm3
Isipadu larutan barium
klorida, BaCl2 0.5 mol dm-3
/cm3
Height of barium chromate
(VI) precipitate / cm
Tinggi mendakan barium
kromat (VI) / cm
Table 1
Jadual 1

(a) Using a ruler, measure the height of yellow precipitate in test tube 1 to 7
and record the height of the precipitate in Table 1
Dengan menggunakan pembaris, ukur tinggi bagi mendakan kuning yang
terdapat dalam tabung uji 1 hingga7 dan rekodkan tinggi mendakan dalam
Jadual 1.
[3 markah / 3 marks]
(b Draw a graph of height of precipitate against volume of barium chloride on
the
) graph paper
Lukiskan graf tinggi mendakan lawan isipadu larutan barium klorida pada
kertas graf
[3 markah / 3 marks]
(c ) Based on the graph above, state the volume of 0.5 mol dm-3barium chloride
solution to react completely with 5 cm3 of potassium chromate(VI) solution
and calculate the number of mole of barium chloride solution that is needed
to react completely with 1 mole of potassium chromate(VI) solution.
Berdasarkan jadual di atas, berapakah isipadu larutan barium klorida 0.5
mol dm-3 yang diperlukan untuk bertindak balas lengkap dengan 5 cm3
larutan kalium kromat(VI) 0.5 mol dm-3 dan hitungkan bilangan mol larutan
barium klorida yang diperlukan untuk bertindak balas dengan 1 mol larutan
kalium kromat(VI).

[3 markah / 3 marks]
(d) Write an ionic equation for the reaction between potassium chromate(VI)
solution and barium chloride solution

Tuliskan persamaan ion bagi tindak balas antara larutan kalium kromat(VI)
dengan larutan barium klorida

………………………………………………………………………………

[3 markah / 3 marks]

@JU KIMIA PERAK


KIMIA MODUL PEACE HALUS 2018

(e ) State the operational definition for the precipitation reaction of barium


chromate(VI)
Nyatakan definisi secara operasi bagi tindak balas pemendakan.
………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………

[3 markah / 3 marks]
(f) Classify the following salts into soluble salts and insoluble salts
Kelaskan garam-garam berikut kepada garam terlarutkan dan garam tak
terlarutkan

Sodium carbonate, Na2CO3 Lead(II)sulphate, PbSO4


Natrium karbonat, Na2CO3 Plumbun(II)sulfat, PbSO4

Silver chloride, AgCl Magnesium nitrate, Mg(NO3)2


Argentum klorida, AgCl Magnesium nitrat, Mg(NO3)2

Soluble salts/ Garam terlarutkan Insoluble salts / Garam tak


terlarutkan

[3 markah / 3 marks]
(8) An experiment was carried out to construct an ionic equation for the
precipitation of silver chloride according to the following steps :
Satu eksperimen telah dijalankan untuk membina persamaan ion bagi
pemendakan argentum klorida mengikut langkah berikut:

Step 1: 5.00 cm3 of 1.0 mol dm-3 potassium chloride solution was poured into 7
test tubes labelled P,Q,R,S,T,U and V
Langkah 1: 5.00 cm3 larutan kalium klorida 1.0 moldm-3 dimasukkan ke dalam 7
tabung uji berlabel P,Q,R,S,T,U and V

Step II: 1.00 cm3 of 1.0 moldm-3 silver nitrate solution was added to test tube P
from a burette
Langkah 2: 1.00 cm3 larutan argentum nitrat 1.0 moldm-3 ditambah ke dalam
tabung uji P

Step III: Step II was repeated for test tubes Q, R, S, T, U and V using different
volumes of silver nitrate solution. Diagram 1 shows the initial and final burette
readings

@JU KIMIA PERAK


KIMIA MODUL PEACE HALUS 2018

Langkah 3: Langkah II diulangi bagi tabung uji Q, R, S, T, U and V


menggunakan isipadu larutan argentum nitrat yang berlainan. Rajah 1
menunjukkan bacaan awal dan akhir buret

Step IV: All the test tubes were put in the rack to allow silver chloride precipitate
to settle. Height of precipitate formed is recorded in Table 1
Langkah IV: Semua tabung uji diletakkan di atas rak supaya argentum klorida
termendak. Ketinggian mendakan dicatat dalam Jadual 1

(a) Record the burette readings in the spaces provided in Diagram 1


Rekodkan bacaan buret pada ruang yang disediakan dalam Rajah 1
[3 markah / 3 marks]

(b) Complete Table 1:


Lengkapkan Jadual 1berikut:
[3 markah / 3 marks]

(c ) (i) Sate the variables involved in this experiment

@JU KIMIA PERAK


KIMIA MODUL PEACE HALUS 2018

Nyatakan pemboleh ubah yang terlibat dalam eksperimen ini

Manipulated variable:…………………………………………………….
Pemboleh ubah dimanipulasikan:……………………………………………..

Responding variable:……………………………………………………..
Pemboleh ubah bergerak balas:………………………………………….

Constant variable:………………………………………………………..
Pemboleh ubah
dimalarkan:………………………………………………
[3 markah / 3 marks]
(ii) State the hypothesis for the experiment
Nyatakan hipotesis untuk eksperimen ini

……………………………………………………………………………

……………………………………………………………………………
[3 markah / 3 marks]
(d) Based on Table 1, plot a graph of height of precipitate against volume of
silver nitrate solution on the graph paper
Berdasarkan Jadual 1, plot graf ketinggian mendakan melawan isi padu
larutan argentum nitrat yang digunakan pada kertas graf.
[3 markah / 3 marks]
(e) State what is observed regarding the height of the precipitate
Nyatakan apa yang diperhatikan tentang ketinggian mendakan

……………………………………………………………………………….

……………………………………………………………………………….

……………………………………………………………………………….
[3 markah / 3 marks]
(f) (i) On the graph in(d), mark and write the minimum volume of silver
nitrate solution needed for complete reaction with 5.00 cm3 of 1.0 mol
dm-3 potassium chloride solution
Pada graf di (d), tanda dan tuliskan isipadu larutan argentum nitrat
yang diperlukan untuk bertindak balas lengkap dengan 5.00 cm3 larutan
kalium klorida 1.0 mol dm-3

……………………………………………………………………………

……………………………………………………………………………
.

……………………………………………………………………………
[3 markah / 3 marks]

@JU KIMIA PERAK


KIMIA MODUL PEACE HALUS 2018

(ii) Using the volume obtained in (f)(i), calculate the number of moles of
silver ions and chloride ions used. Then calculate the number of moles
of chloride ions that will react with 1.0 mole of silver ions.
Denga menggunakan isipadu di (f)(i), hitung bilangan mol ion
argentum dan ion klorida yang digunakan. Kemudian, hitungkan
bilangan mol ion klorida yang akan bertindak balas dengan 1.0 mol
ion argentum

[3 markah / 3 marks]
(iii) Write the ionic equation for the precipitation of silver chloride
Tuliskan persamaan ion untuk pemendakan argentum klorida

………………………………………………………………………….
.
[3 markah / 3 marks]
(g) Give the operational definition for double decomposition reaction
Berikan definisi secara operasi bagi tindak balas penguraian ganda dua

………………………………………………………………………………..

………………………………………………………………………………..

………………………………………………………………………………

[3 markah / 3 marks]
(h) Classify the ions found in silver nitrate solution and potassium chloride
solution into anions and cations
Kelaskan ion-ion yang terdapat dalam larutan argentum nitrat dan kalium
klorida kepada anion dan kation

[3 markah / 3 marks]

@JU KIMIA PERAK


KIMIA MODUL PEACE HALUS 2018

9 Diagram 2 shows the uses of two salts in our daily life


Rajah 2 menunjukkan kegunaan dua garam yang digunakan dalm kehidupan
harian

Diagram 2
Rajah 2
Plan a laboratory experiments to differentiate both of the salts by using heating
process or any suitable chemicals
Rancangkan satu eksperimen makmal untuk membezakan kedua-dua garam
tersebut dengan menggunakan proses pemanasan atau bahan kimia yang sesuai

Your planning should include the following aspects:


Perancangan anda hendaklah mengandungi aspek aspek berikut:

(a) Problem statement


Pernyataan masalah

(b) All the variables


Semua pembolehubah

(c) Statement of the hypothesis


Pernyataan hipotesis

(d) List of substances and apparatus


Senarai bahan dan radas

(e) Procedure for the experiment


Prosedur

(f) Tabulation of data


Penjadualan data

[17 marks/17markah]

@JU KIMIA PERAK


KIMIA MODUL PEACE HALUS 2018

(10)

Referring to the above conversation, plan a laboratory experiment to study the


solubility of sulphate salts in water. You are required to use two examples of
soluble sulphate salts and two examples of insoluble sulphate salts
Merujuk kepada perbualan di atas, rancang satu eksperimen makmal untuk
mengkaji keterlarutan garam sulfat dalam air. Anda dikehendaki menggunakan
dua contoh garam sukfat terlarutkan dan dua contoh garam sulfat tak
terlarutkan

Your planning should include the following aspects:


Perancangan anda hendaklah mengandungi aspek aspek berikut:

(a) Problem statement


Pernyataan masalah

(b) All the variables


Semua pembolehubah

(c) Statement of the hypothesis


Pernyataan hipotesis

(d) List of substances and apparatus


Senarai bahan dan radas

(e) Procedure for the experiment


Prosedur

(f) Tabulation of data


Penjadualan data
[17 marks]
[17 Markah]

@JU KIMIA PERAK


KIMIA MODUL PEACE HALUS 2018

8.2 QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS OF SALTS

1. (a) Colour of salts


Warna garam

Aqueous
Solid Salts / Metal oxide
solution
pepejal Garam / oksida logam
larutan akues
Colourless
White
Tidak
Putih
berwarna
Green Insoluble
Hijau Tidak larut
Light Green Pale Green
Hjau tua Hijau pudar
Blue Blue
biru biru
Brown Brown
perang perang
Black Insoluble
hitam Tidak larut
Yellow when hot
Kuning apabila
panas Insoluble
White when cold Tidak larut
Putih apabila
sejuk
Brown when hot
Perang apabila
panas
Insoluble
Yellow when cold Tidak larut
Kuning apabila
sejuk
(b) Test for gases
Ujian gas

TEST OBSERVATION INFERENCE


Ujian Pemerhatian Inferens
Place a glowing wooden splinter
into the test tube.
Masukkan kayu uji berbara ke
dalam tabung uji
Place a lighted wooden splinter
to the mouth of the test tube.
Dekatkan kayu uji menyala di
mulut tabung uji

@JU KIMIA PERAK


KIMIA MODUL PEACE HALUS 2018

Channel the gas produced into


lime water.
Salurkan gas terhasil dalam air
kapur
Place a piece of moist red
litmus paper to the mouth of the
test tube.
Letakkan kertas limus merah
lembap kepada mulut tabung uji
Place a piece of moist blue
litmus paper to the mouth of the
test tube.
Letakkan kertas litmus biru
lembap kepada mulut tabung uji
Place a piece of moist blue
litmus paper to the mouth of the
test tube.
Letakkan kertas litmus biru
lembap kepada mulut tabung uji
Channel the gas produced
through acidified potassium
manganate(VII) solution.
Salur gas ke dalam kalium
manganat (VII) berasid

Place a piece of moist blue


litmus paper to the mouth of the
test tube.
Letakkan kertas litmus biru
kepada mulut tabung uji
( c) Thermal effect on nitrate and carbonate salts.
Kesan haba ke atas garam nitrat dan garam karbonat

Nitrate Metal NO2 O2 Except:


Salt oxide Potassium,
+ +
Garam Oksida sodium and
nitrat logam ammonium
salt
Carbonate salt Metal oxide CO2 Kecuali:
Garam karbonat Oksida logam + Kalium,
natrium dan
garam
ammonium

 Sulphate salts usually do not decompose.


Garam sulfat tidak terurai
 Chloride salts do not decompose except NH4Cl.
Garam klorida tidak terurai kecuali NH4Cl.

@JU KIMIA PERAK


KIMIA MODUL PEACE HALUS 2018

NH4Cl(s) NH3 (g) + HCl(g) [ sublimation process ]


[Proses pemejalwapan]

Cation Nitrate (NO3- ) Carbonate (CO32 - )


Kation Nitrat (NO3- ) Karbonat (CO32 - )
(i) Decompose into metal nitrite and Is not decomposed by heat
O2 gas Tidak terurai kepada haba
Terurai kepada logam nitrit dan
gas oksigen
K+

Na+

(ii) Decompose into metal oxide, NO2 Decompose into metal oxide
gas and O2 gas and CO2 gas
Terurai kepada oksida logam, gas Terurai kepada logam oksida
NO2 dan gas O2 dan gas karbon dioksida
Ca2+ 2Ca(NO3)2  2CaO + 4NO2 CaCO3  CaO + CO2
+ O2
Observation : White solid
Observation: white solid formed, formed. Gas liberated turn lime
Brown gas which turns moist blue water chalky
litmus red released. Another gas Pemerhatian: Pepejal putih.
released relighted glowing splinter Gas yang dihasilkan menukar
Pemerhatian: air kapur menjadi keruh
Pepejal putih terhasil, gas warna
perang menukarkan kertas litmus
biru lembap kepada merah
terhasil. Gas lain yang terhasil
menyalakan kayu uji berbara
Zn2+

Pb2+

Cu2+

2 Confirmatory Test
Ujian Pengesahan
(a) Chemical tests should be conducted for the confirmation of anions and
cations in aqueous form.
Ujian kimia perlu dijalankan untuk pengesahan anion dan kation dalam
bentuk akues
(b) Cation confirmation  It is done by adding a small amount of sodium
hydroxide solution, NaOH(aq) / aqueous ammonia solution, NH3(aq)
followed by excess sodium hydroxide / aqueous ammonia solution.

@JU KIMIA PERAK


KIMIA MODUL PEACE HALUS 2018

Pengesahan kation Ia dilakukan dengan menambahkan beberapa titik


larutan natrium klorida, NaOH (aq)/ larutan ammonia akues, NH3 (aq)
diikuti dengan larutan natrium hidroksida berlebihan /larutan ammonia
akues
(a) Confirmatory Tests for Anions,
Ujian Pengesahan Anion

Conclusion / Ionic
equations
Anion Tests /ujian
Keputusan / persamaan
ionik
2 cm3 of dilute ………. is added to 2
cm3 of aqueous solution of carbonate
ions.
……….. occurs and the gas
released…………
2 cm3 …………. cair ditambah kepada
CO32-
2 cm3 kepada larutan akues ion
karbonat
………… berlaku dan gas yang terbebas
disalurkan ke
………………….menjadi…………

Dilute …….. is added to 2 cm3 of an


aqueous solution of chloride ions
followed by 2 cm3 of ……………
solution.
A …………………. is formed.
Cl- Asid …………..ditambah kepada 2 cm3
larutan akues ion klorida diikuti dengan
2 cm3 larutan ……………………..
Mendakan………………terbentuk

Dilute………….. is added to 2 cm3 of an


aqueous solution of sulphate ions
followed by 2 cm3 ……………solution.
A white precipitate is formed.
Asid……………………ditambah kepada
SO42-
2 cm3 larutan akues ion sulfat diikuti
dengan 2 cm3 ……………………….
Mendakan…………..terbentuk

2 cm3 of dilute ………… is added to


solution of nitrate ions followed by
……………………….. The mixture is
shaken. The test tube is slanted and held
NO3-
with a test tube holder. A few drops of
concentrated H2SO4 acid is dropped
along the wall of the test tube and is
held upright.

@JU KIMIA PERAK


KIMIA MODUL PEACE HALUS 2018

A brown ring is formed.


2 cm3 …………….ditambah kepada
larutan ion nitrat
diikuti…………………………
Campuran digoncang sedikit. Tabung
uji diiring sedikit dan dipegang dengan
pemegang tabung uji. Beberapa
titis………………dititiskan sepanjang
dinding tabung uji dan kemudiannya
dipegang tegak.

(b) Confirmatory Tests for Cations,


Ujian Pengesahan kation

(i) Reaction with sodium hydroxide solution, NaOH(aq)

Cation Sodium hydroxide

+ NaOH(aq)

solution with kation


kation
No Precipitate Yes
formed?

NH4+ Colour of White


precipitate

+ excess NaOH(aq)

No Precipitate Yes
dissolve?

@JU KIMIA PERAK


KIMIA MODUL PEACE HALUS 2018

(ii) Tindak balas dengan larutan natrium hidroksida NaOH (aq)

Sodium hydroxide
Larutan natrium
kation
hidroksida
+ NaOH(aq)

Larutan dengan
Larutan dengan
kation
kkation

Mendakan Ya
terbentuk?

NH4+ Warna putih


mendakan

+ NaOH(aq)
berlebihan

No Mendakan Yes
larut?

@JU KIMIA PERAK


KIMIA MODUL PEACE HALUS 2018

(iii)Reaction with ammonia solution, NH3(aq)

Cation Ammonia solution

+ NH3 (aq)

Solution with cation

No Precipitate Ye
formed? s

Colour of White
precipitate

+ excess NH3(aq)

Blue Gree Brown


n
No Precipitate Yes
dissolve?

+ excess NH3(aq)

Precipitate
dissolve in excess
NH3 (aq) to form
blue solution

@JU KIMIA PERAK


KIMIA MODUL PEACE HALUS 2018

(iv) Tindakbalas dengan larutan ammonia akues, NH3 (aq)

Ammonia solution
Kation

+ NH3 (aq)

Solution with
cation

No Mendakan Yes
terbentuk?

Warna putih
mendakan

+ NH3(aq)

No Mendakan Yes
larut?

Mendakan larut
dalam larutan
ammonia akues
berlebihan untuk
membentuk
larutan biru

@JU KIMIA PERAK


KIMIA MODUL PEACE HALUS 2018

(v) Confirmatory Tests for ammonium ion, NH4+


Ujian Pengesahan untuk ion ammonium, NH4+

(a) Nessler reagent


Reagen Nessler

 a few drops of…………………….. is added into the solution


beberapa titik …………………ditambah kepada larutan
 ………………….. precipitate are formed
……………………. terbentuk

(b) Heat
Haba
 sodium hydroxide solution is added to a small amount of solution
contains NH4+
Larutan natrium hidroksida ditambah ke dalam sedikit larutan yang
mengandungi NH4+
 the solution is heated
Larutan dipanaskan
 A piece of moist red litmus paper is placed. Red moist litmus paper
turns blue.
Sekeping kertas litmus merah lembab diletakkan. Kertas litmus merah
lembap bertukar warna biru

2. To differentiate between Al3+ and Pb2+


Untuk membezakan antara Al3+ dan Pb2+

Al3+ // Pb2+

+ H2SO4 / Na2SO4
+ KI

+ HCl / NaCl
No changes Yellow precipitate
No changes White precipitate No changes White precipitate (c)
(a) (b) Al3+ Pb2+
Al3+ Pb2+ Al3+ Pb2+

@JU KIMIA PERAK


KIMIA MODUL PEACE HALUS 2018

3)
Reagent Observation Conclusion

Potassium Pale blue precipitate


hexacyanoferrate(II) Mendakan biru pucat …………………………..
solution
Larutan Kalium 3+
Dark blue precipitate Fe ion is present
heksasioanoferat(II) Mendakan biru tua

2+
Potassium Dark blue precipitate Fe ion is present
hexacyanoferrate(III) Mendakan biru tua
solution
Larutan Kalium Greenish-brown
heksasioanoferat(III) solution …………………………
Larutan hijau
keperangan

Potassium thiocyanate Pale red colouration


solution Larutan merah pucat ……………………….
Larutan kalium
tiosianat Blood red colouration 3+
Fe ion is present
Larutan merah darah

@JU KIMIA PERAK


KIMIA MODUL PEACE HALUS 2018

PAPER 1
KERTAS 1
1 Table 1 shows the observations in three tests on solution X.
Jadual 1 menunjukkan pemerhatian bagi tiga ujian ke atas larutan X.

Test Observation
I Add sodium hydroxide solution White precipitate which dissolves
until in excess in excess sodium hydroxide
Tambah larutan natrium solution
hidroksida sehingga berlebihan Mendakan putih larut dalam
larutan natrium hidroksida
berlebihan
II Add ammonia solution until in White precipitate which dissolves
excess in excess sodium ammonia
Tambah larutan ammonia solution
sehingga berlebihan Mendakan putih larut dalam
larutan ammonia berlebihan
IIIAdd 2 cm3 of dilute nitric acid White precipitate formed
and few drops of silver nitrate Mendakan putih terbentuk
solution
Tambah 2 cm3 asid nitrik cair dan
beberapa titik larutan argentum
nitrat
Table 1
Jadual 1
What is X?
Apakah X?
A Zinc chloride
Zink klorida
B Zinc sulphate
Zink sulfat
C Aluminium chloride
Aluminium klorida
D Aluminium sulphate
Aluminium sulfat

2 A student wants to identify cation that present in a salt solution. When sodium
hydroxide solution is added into the salt solution, brown precipitate is formed.
What is the method that need to be done next and the observation expected to
confirm the presence of the cation?
Seorang murid ingin mengenalpasti kation yang hadir dalam suatu larutan
garam.Apabila larutan natrium hidroksida ditambah ke dalam larutan garam
itu, mendakan perang terbentuk.Apakah kaedah yang perlu dilakukan seterusnya
dan apakah pemerhatian yang dijangkakan untuk mengesahkan kehadiran kation
itu?
Method / Kaedah Observation / Pemerhatian
A Warm up the solution Gas released turns red litmus paper into
Panaskan larutan blue
Gas yang terbebas menukarkan kertas
litmus merah kepada biru

@JU KIMIA PERAK


KIMIA MODUL PEACE HALUS 2018

B Heat up the solution Gas released turns lime water chalky


Panaskan larutan Gas yang terbebas mengeruhkan air kapur
C Add potassium thiocyanate Red blood solution produced
solution Larutan merah darah dihasilkan
Tambahkan larutan kalium
tiosianat
D Add acidified potassium Purple solution is decolourised
manganate(VII) Larutan ungu dinyahwarnakan
Tambahkan larutan kalium
manganat(VII) bersaid

3 The following equation shows the reaction to obtain soluble sulphate salt.
Persamaan berikut menunjukkan tindak balas untuk mendapatkan garam
sulfat terlarutkan.

H2SO4 + X  sulphate salt + H2O


H2SO4 + X  garam sulfat + H2O

What is substance X?
Apakah bahan X?
A Calcium oxide
Kalsium oksida
B Lead(II) oxide
Plumbum(II) oksida
C Barium hydroxide
Barium hidroksida
D Potassium hydroxide
Kalium hidroksida.

4. Which of the following is a soluble salt?


Antara yang berikut, yang manakah adalah satu garam terlarutkan?
A Iron(II) chloride
Ferum(II) klorida
B Silver chloride
Argentum klorida
C Calcium sulphate
Kalsium sulfat
D Lead(II) sulphate
PIumbum(II) sulfat

5 The reaction between barium chloride solution and lead(II) nitrate solution
produces lead(II) chloride and barium nitrate. Which ionic equation
represents the reaction?
Tindak balas antara larutan barium klorida dan larutan plumbum(II) nitrat
menghasilkan plumbum(II) klorida dan barium nitrat. Persamaan ion yang
manakah mewakili tindak balas itu?
A Pb²⁺ + NO3⁻  Pb(NO3)2
B Pb²⁺ + 2C1⁻  PbCl₂
C Ba²⁺ + 2Cl⁻  BaCl₂
D Ba2+ + 2NO3-  Ba(NO3)2

@JU KIMIA PERAK


KIMIA MODUL PEACE HALUS 2018

6 Which statement is correct about salt?


Pernyataan manakah yang betul tentang garam?
A Salt is an ionic compound produced when H⁺ ion from an acid is replaced
with a metal ion
Garam ialah sebatian ion yang terhasil apabila ion H+ daripada suatu asid
digantikan dengan ion logam
B Salt is an ionic compound produced when OH⁻ ion from a base is replaced
with a metal ion
Garam ialah sebatian ion yang terhasil apabila ion OH⁻ daripada suatu asid
digantikan dengan ion logam
C Salt is a covalent compound produced when H+ ion from an acid is replaced
with a metal ion
Garam ialah sebatian kovalen yang terhasil apabila ion H⁺ daripada suatu
asid digantikan dengan ion logam
D Salt is a covalent compound produced when OH⁻ ion from a base is replaced
with a metal ion
Garam ialah sebatian kovalen yang terhasil apabila ion OH⁻ daripada suatu
asid digantikan dengan ion logam

7 A student is required to confirm the presence of nitrate ion in the solution X.


What is the suitable reagent and the expected observation in the test?
Seorang pelajar dikehendaki mengesahkan kehadiran ion nitrat dalam
larutan X. Apakah reagen yang sesuai dan pemerhatian yang dijangkakan
dalam ujian itu?
Reagent / Reagen Observation / Pemerhatian
A Dilute hydrochloric acid Gas released turns lime water chalky
Asid hidroklorik cair Gas yang terbebas mengeruhkan air
kapur
B Dilute nitric acid and silver nitrate White precipitate is formed
solution Mendakan putih terbentuk
Asid nitric cair dan larutan
argentum nitrat
C Dilute hydrochloric acid and barium White precipitate is formed
chloride solution Mendakan putih terbentuk
Asid hidroklorik cair dan larutan
barium klorida

D Dilute sulphuric acid, A brown ring is formed


iron(II)sulphate and concentrated Cincin perang terbentuk
sulphuric acid
Asid sulfurik cair, ferum(II)sulfat
dan asid sulfurik pekat

@JU KIMIA PERAK


KIMIA MODUL PEACE HALUS 2018

8 Which of the following salts can be prepared by using double decomposition


method?
Antara garam yang berikut, manakah boleh disediakan dengan kaedah
penguraian ganda dua?
A Silver chloride
Argentum klorida
B Barium nitrate
Barium nitrat
C Sodium carbonate
Natrium karbonat
D Lead (II) nitrate
Plumbum (II) nitrat

9 Which of the following are the physical characteristics of salt crystal?


Antara yang berikut, manakah ialah sifat-sifat fizik bagi hablur garam?
I They have similar size.
Mempunyai saiz yang sama.
II They have fixed angle.
Mempunyai sudut yang tetap.
III They have fixed geometrical shapes.
Mempunyai bentuk geometri yang tetap.
IV They have flat surface, straight edges and sharp angles.
Mempunyai permukaan yang rata, sisi yang lurus dan sudut yang tajam.
A I, II and III only
I, II dan III sahaja
B I, II and IV only
I, II dan IV sahaja
C I, III and IV only
I, III dan IV sahaja
D II, III and IV only
II, III dan IV sahaja

10 Which of the following is true about the use of salt?


Antara yang berikut, manakah benar tentang kegunaan garam?

Salt Use
Garam Kegunaan
A Ammonium Anti-acids
sulphate Anti-asid
Ammonium
sulfat
B Sodium chloride Food
Natrium klorida preservative
Pengawet
makanan
C Sodium nitrate Food flavouring
Natrium nitrat Perisa makanan

@JU KIMIA PERAK


KIMIA MODUL PEACE HALUS 2018

D Silver bromide Photography


Argentum Fotografi
bromida

11 Which of the following is true about the soluble and insoluble salt?
Antara yang berikut, manakah benar tentang garam larut dan garam tidak
larut?

Soluble in water Insoluble in water


Larut dalam air Tidak larut dalam air

A Silver chloride Sodium carbonate


Argentum klorida Natrium karbonat

B Ammonium
Lead (II) sulphate
sulphate
Plumbum (II) sulfat
Ammonium sulfat

C Barium sulphate Aluminium nitrate


Barium sulfat Aluminium nitrat

D Lead (II) iodide Sodium hydroxide


Plumbum (II) iodida Natrium hidroksida

12 Which of the following mixture will react to produce an aqueous zinc nitrate
solution?
Antara campuran yang berikut, manakah akan bertindak balas untuk
menghasilkan larutan akueus zink nitrat?

I Zinc carbonate and dilute nitric acid.


Zink karbonat dan asid nitrik cair.
II Zinc oxide and dilute nitric acid.
Zink oksida dan asid nitrik cair.
III Zinc oxide and potassium nitrate solution.
Zink oksida dan larutan kalium nitrat.
IV Zinc and aqueous sodium nitrate solution.
Zink dan larutan akueus

A I and II only
I dan II sahaja
B II and III only
II dan III sahaja
C III and IV only
III dan IV sahaja
D I and IV only
I dan IV sahaja

@JU KIMIA PERAK


KIMIA MODUL PEACE HALUS 2018

13 Which of the following substances can be used to prepare copper (II) chloride by
reaction with hydrochloric acid?
Antara bahan yang berikut, manakah boleh bertindak balas dengan asid
hidroklorik untuk menyediakan kuprum (II) klorida?
I Copper (II) oxide
Kuprum (II) oksida
II Copper (II) nitrate
Kuprum (II) nitrat
III Copper (II) carbonate
Kuprum (II) karbonat
IV Copper (II) hydroxide
Kuprum (II) hidroksida
A I, II and III only
I, II dan III sahaja
B I, II and IV only
I, II dan IV sahaja
C I, III and IV only
I, III dan IV sahaja
D II, III and IV only
II, III dan IV sahaja

@JU KIMIA PERAK

You might also like