Digital cinematography[edit]
Main article: Digital cinematography
See also: Digital movie camera and Digital cinema
In digital cinematography, the movie is shot on digital media such as flash storage, as well as
distributed through a digital medium such as a hard drive.
The basis for digital cameras are metal-oxide-semiconductor (MOS) image sensors.[17] The first
practical semiconductor image sensor was the charge-coupled device (CCD),[18] based on MOS
capacitor technology.[17] Following the commercialization of CCD sensors during the late 1970s to
early 1980s, the entertainment industry slowly began transitioning to digital imaging and digital
video over the next two decades.[19] The CCD was followed by the CMOS active-pixel sensor (CMOS
sensor),[20] developed in the 1990s.[21][22]
Beginning in the late 1980s, Sony began marketing the concept of "electronic cinematography,"
utilizing its analog Sony HDVS professional video cameras. The effort met with very little success.
However, this led to one of the earliest digitally shot feature movies, Julia and Julia (1987).[citation needed] In
1998, with the introduction of HDCAM recorders and 1920×1080 pixel digital professional video
cameras based on CCD technology, the idea, now re-branded as "digital cinematography," began to
gain traction.[citation needed]
Shot and released in 1998, The Last Broadcast is believed by some to be the first feature-length
video shot and edited entirely on consumer-level digital equipment. [23] In May 1999, George
Lucas challenged the supremacy of the movie-making medium of film for the first time by including
footage filmed with high-definition digital cameras in Star Wars: Episode I – The Phantom Menace.
In late 2013, Paramount became the first major studio to distribute movies to theaters in digital
format, eliminating 35mm film entirely. Since then the demand of movies to be developed onto digital
format rather than 35mm has increased drastically. [citation needed]
As digital technology improved, movie studios began increasingly shifting towards digital
cinematography. Since the 2010s, digital cinematography has become the dominant form of
cinematography after largely superseding film cinematography. [citation needed]
Aspects[edit]
Main article: Cinematic techniques
Numerous aspects contribute to the art of cinematography, including: