Stainless Steel Socket Head Cap Screws: Standard Specification For
Stainless Steel Socket Head Cap Screws: Standard Specification For
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
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4.1.5 ASTM specification and year of issue. When year of 6.2 When Condition CW or CW1 is specified, the austenitic
issue is not specified, fasteners shall be furnished to the latest alloys shall be annealed as specified in 6.1 generally by the raw
issue. material manufacturer, then cold worked to develop specific
4.1.6 Supplementary requirements, if any, (see S1 through properties.
S7). 6.3 Martensitic alloy Group 5 Condition HT screws shall be
4.1.7 Additional special requirements, if any, to be specified hardened and tempered by heating to 1800 6 50°F sufficient
on the purchase order: for austenitization, holding for at least 1⁄2 h, rapid air or oil
4.1.7.1 Forming (see 5.1). quenching, reheating to 525°F minimum and holding for at
4.1.7.2 Threading (see 5.2). least 1 h and then air cooling to provide the properties specified
4.1.7.3 Surface finish (see 11.1). in Table 1.
4.1.7.4 Alloy selection (see 7.2).
4.1.7.5 Test report (see 12.2). 7. Chemical Properties
4.1.7.6 Additional testing (see 12.3). 7.1 It is the intent of this specification that screws shall be
4.1.7.7 Inspection (see 14.1). ordered by alloy group and condition. The chemical composi-
4.1.7.8 Rejection (see 15.1). tion of the screw material shall conform to the requirements of
4.1.7.9 Certification (see 16.1). Table 2.
4.1.7.10 Special packaging requirements (see 18.3). 7.2 Unless otherwise specified in the inquiry and purchase
4.1.7.11 Supplementary requirements as needed. order (see Supplementary Requirements S2) the choice of an
alloy from within a group shall be at the discretion of the
5. Materials and Manufacture fastener manufacturer as required by their method of fastener
fabrication and material availability. The specific alloy used by
5.1 Heads—Unless otherwise specified the head and socket
the manufacturer shall be clearly identified on all certification
recess of the screw may be hot forged, cold forged, or
required in the purchase order and shall have chemical com-
machined at the option of the manufacturer. Users requiring
position conforming to the limits specified in Table 2.
cold forged heads should specify Supplementary Requirements
S1. 7.3 When chemical analysis is performed by the purchaser
5.2 Threads—Unless otherwise specified, screws in sizes up using finished fasteners representing each lot, the chemical
to 1.00 in. inclusive and product lengths up to 6 in. inclusive, contents obtained shall conform to the limits specified in Table
shall have threads formed by rolling, except by special agree- 2 for the specific alloy. Chemical contents shall conform to the
ment with the purchaser. Larger products may be rolled, cut, or tolerances specified in Specification A555/A555M.
ground at the option of the manufacturer. 7.3.1 In the event of discrepancy, a referee analysis as
specified in 13.1 of samples for each lot shall be made in
6. Heat Treatment accordance with 12.3.1.
6.1 Austenitic alloys Group 1 or 2 Condition AF screws,
8. Mechanical Properties
following manufacture, shall be annealed by heating to 1900 6
50°F to obtain maximum corrosion resistance and minimum 8.1 Screws shall be tested in accordance with the mechani-
permeability. The screws shall be held for a sufficient time at cal testing requirements for the alloy group and condition
temperature and then cooled at a rate sufficient to prevent nominal thread diameter, length, and specified minimum ten-
precipitation of the carbide and to provide the properties sile strength as specified in Table 3 and shall meet the
specified in Table 1. mechanical requirements specified for that product in Table 1.
1 AF F837A 0.060–1.500 85 max 0.6D 85 max 55 max 40 210 max 95 HRB max
1 CW F837B 0.060–0.750 80 min 0.4D 80 min 40 min 25 150 min 50 HRA min
1 CW1 F837C 0.060–0.750 102 min 0.4D 87 min 65 min 20 220 min 59 HRA min
2 AF F837D 0.060–1.500 85 max 0.6D 85 max 55 max 40 210 max 95 HRB max
2 CW F837E 0.060–0.750 80 min 0.4D 80 min 40 min 25 150 min 50 HRA min
2 CW1 F837F 0.060–0.750 102 min 0.4D 87 min 65 min 20 220 min 59 HRA min
5 HT F837G 0.060–0.190 180 min ... ... ... ... 350–423 36–43 HRC
5 HT F837H 0.250–1.500 180 min 0.2D 160 min 120 min 12 350–423 36–43 HRC
A
For CW and CW1 condition fasteners with nominal thread diameter larger than 0.750 in., the mechanical properties and marking shall be agreed upon between the
user and manufacturer.
B
Core hardness is only required when full-size product tensile testing cannot be accomplished.
C
D denotes nominal thread size.
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TABLE 2 Chemical Requirements
Alloy UNS Composition, % maximum except as shown
Alloy
Group Designation Carbon Manganese Phosphorus Sulfur Silicon Chromium Nickel Copper Molybdenum
Austenitic Alloys
1 S30300 303A 0.15 2.00 0.20 0.15 min 1.00 17.0 to 19.0 8.0 to 10.0 ... 0.60 maxB
1 S30400 304 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 18.0 to 20.0 8.0 to 10.5 1.00 ...
1 S30403 304L 0.030 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 18.0 to 20.0 8.0 to 12.0 1.00 ...
1 S30500 305 0.12 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 17.0 to 19.0 10.5 to 13.0 1.00 ...
1 S38400 384 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 15.0 to 17.0 17.0 to 19.0 ... ...
1 S20300 XM1A 0.08 5.0 to 6.5 0.040 0.18 to 0.35 1.00 16.0 to 18.0 5.0 to 6.5 1.75 to 2.25 0.50 maxB
1 S30430 18-9LW 0.10 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 17.0 to 19.0 8.0 to 10.0 3.00 to 4.00 ...
1 S30433 302HQ 0.03 2.00 0.045 0.030 4.00 17.0 to 19.0 8.0 to 10.0 3.0 to 4.0 ...
2 S31600 316 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 16.0 to 18.0 10.0 to 14.0 ... 2.0 to 3.0
2 S31603 316L 0.03 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 16.0 to 18.0 10.0 to 14.0 ... 2.0 to 3.0
Martensitic Alloys
5 UNS41000 410 0.15 1.00 0.040 0.030 1.00 11.5 to 13.5 ...
A
Free machining grades are not recommended for forged product. These grades may be furnished only when approved by the purchaser.
B
At manufacturer’s option, determined only when intentionally added.
8.2 For products on which both hardness and tension tests 11.2.1 Forging defects that connect the socket to the periph-
are performed, acceptance based on tensile requirements shall ery of the head are not permissible. Defects originating on the
take precedence over low hardness readings (see Table 4). periphery and with a traverse indicating a potential to intersect
are not permissible. Other forging defects are permissible
9. Corrosion Resistance provided those located in the bearing area, fillet, and top
9.1 Carbide Precipitation: surfaces shall not have a depth exceeding 0.03 D or 0.005 in,
9.1.1 Rod, bar, and wire in the austenitic alloy groups 1 and whichever is greater. For peripheral discontinuities, the maxi-
2 (not including the free-machining grade 303) used to make mum depth may be 0.06 D (see Fig. 1).
fasteners in accordance with this specification shall be capable 11.2.2 Forging defects located in the socket wall within 0.1
of passing the test for susceptibility to intergranular corrosion times the actual key engagement, T, from the bottom of the
as specified in Practice E of Practice A262. socket are not permissible. Discontinuities located elsewhere in
9.1.2 As stated in Practices A262, samples may be subjected the socket shall not have a length exceeding 0.25 T, or a
to the faster and more severe screening test in accordance with maximum depth of 0.03 D not to exceed 0.005 in. (see Fig. 2).
Practice A. Failing Practice A, specimens shall be tested to 11.2.3 Seams in the shank shall not exceed a depth of 0.03
Practice E and be considered satisfactory if passing Practice E. D or 0.008 in., whichever is greater.
11.2.4 No transverse discontinuities shall be permitted in
10. Dimensions the head-to-shank fillet area.
11.2.5 Threads shall have no laps at the root or on the flanks
10.1 Unless otherwise specified, the products shall conform located below the pitch line. Laps are permitted at the crests
to the requirements of ASME B18.3. (Fig. 3) that do not exceed 25 % of the basic thread depth, and
on the flanks outside the pitch cylinder. Longitudinal seams
11. Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance rolled beneath the root of the thread and across the crests of cut
11.1 Surface Treatment—Unless otherwise specified, threads are acceptable within the limits of 11.2.3.
screws shall be cleaned, descaled and passivated in accordance
with Practice A380 or Specification A967 at the option of the 12. Number of Tests
manufacturer. 12.1 The requirements of this specification shall be met in
11.2 The surface discontinuities for these products shall continuous mass production for stock, and the manufacturer
conform to Specification F788/F788M and the additional shall make sample inspections to ensure that the product
limitations specified herein. conforms to the specified requirements. Additional tests of
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TABLE 4 Tensile Strength Values for Full-Size Fasteners, lbs 12.3.1.2 From each lot, samples shall be selected at random
Alloy Groups 1 and 2 Alloy and tested for each requirement in accordance with the
Nominal Group 5
Size
Stress Area following plan:
AF max CW min CW1 min HT min Number of Pieces in Lot Number of
0.060-80 0.00180 153 144 183 288 Samples
0.073-64 0.00263 223 210 267 420
0.073-72 0.00278 236 222 283 444 800 and less 1
0.086-56 0.00370 314 296 377 592 Over 800 to 8000, 2
0.086-64 0.00394 334 315 401 630 incl
0.099-48 0.00487 414 390 497 779 Over 8000 to 3
0.099-56 0.00523 445 418 533 837 22 000, incl
0.112-40 0.00604 513 483 615 966 Over 22 000 5
0.112-48 0.00661 562 529 674 1 060
0.125-40 0.00796 676 636 811 1 270 12.3.1.3 Should any sample fail to meet the requirements of
0.125-44 0.00830 706 665 848 1 330 a specified test, double the number of samples from the same
0.138-32 0.00909 772 727 927 1 450
0.138-40 0.01015 862 811 1 035 1 620
lot shall be retested for the requirement(s) in which it failed.
0.164-32 0.0140 1 191 1 121 1 429 2 240 All of the additional samples shall conform to the specification
0.164-36 0.01474 1 252 1 178 1 502 2 360 or the lot shall be rejected.
0.190-24 0.0175 1 490 1 403 1 788 2 800
0.190-32 0.0200 1 699 1 600 2 039 3 200 12.3.1.4 If the failure of a test specimen is due to improper
0.250-20 0.0318 2 705 2 546 3 246 5 090 preparation of the specimen or an incorrect testing technique,
0.250-28 0.0364 3 092 2 910 3 710 5 820 the specimen shall be discarded and another test specimen
0.312-18 0.0524 4 457 4 194 5 348 8 380
0.312-24 0.0580 4 936 4 645 5 923 9 280 submitted.
0.375-16 0.0775 6 587 6 199 7 904 12 400 12.4 Corrosion Resistance Tests:
0.375-24 0.0878 7 465 7 026 8 958 14 000
0.437-14 0.1063 9 036 8 505 10 843 17 000 12.4.1 Unless otherwise specified, inspection for corrosion
0.437-20 0.1187 10 091 9 497 12 109 19 000 resistance shall be in accordance with the manufacturer’s
0.500-13 0.1419 12 061 11 352 14 474 22 700
0.500-20 0.1599 13 596 12 796 16 315 25 600
standard quality control practices. No specific method of
0.625-11 0.226 19 210 18 080 23 052 36 200 inspection is required, but the screws shall be produced from
0.625-18 0.256 21 756 20 477 26 108 41 000 suitable raw material and manufactured by properly controlled
0.750-10 0.334 28 429 26 757 34 115 53 400
0.750-16 0.373 31 702 29 837 38 042 59 700
practices to maintain resistance to corrosion. When corrosion
0.875-9 0.462 39 247 ... ... 73 900 tests are required, Supplementary Requirement S6 must be
0.875-14 0.509 43 305 ... ... 81 400 specified in the inquiry and order, except as noted in 12.4.2.
1.000-8 0.606 51 488 ... ... 97 000
1.000-12 0.663 56 359 ... ... 106 000 12.4.2 Products that have been hot worked shall be solution
1.125-7 0.763 64 878 ... ... 122 000 annealed and tested to determine freedom from precipitated
1.125-12 0.856 72 736 ... ... 137 000 carbides. Not less than one corrosion test shall be made from
1.250-7 0.969 82 374 ... ... 155 000
1.250-12 1.073 91 200 ... ... 172 000 each lot. Corrosion test shall be performed in accordance with
1.375-6 1.155 98 165 ... ... 185 000 Practice A262, Practices A or E as applicable.
1.375-12 1.315 111 751 ... ... 210 000
1.500-6 1.405 119 446 ... ... 225 000
1.500-12 1.581 134 387 ... ... 253 000 13. Test Methods
13.1 Chemical Analysis—The chemical composition shall
be determined in accordance with Test Method A751.
individual shipments of fasteners are not ordinarily necessary.
13.1.1 The fastener manufacturer may accept the chemical
A record of the individual heat of steel in each lot shall be
analysis of each heat of raw material purchased and reported on
maintained. The containers shall be coded to permit identifi-
the raw material certification furnished by the raw material
cation of the lot.
producer. The fastener manufacturer is not required to do any
12.2 When specified in the purchase order, the manufacturer
further chemical analysis testing, provided that precise heat lot
shall furnish a test report of the last complete set of chemical
traceability has been maintained throughout the manufacturing
analysis and mechanical tests for each stock size in each
process on each lot of fasteners produced and delivered.
shipment.
12.3 When tests of individual shipments are required, 13.2 Mechanical Tests:
Supplementary Requirement S1 must be specified in the 13.2.1 Screws tested full size for axial strength, screw
inquiry and order. extension, and hardness shall be tested in accordance with the
12.3.1 When the purchaser does not specify the sampling methods described in Test Methods F606 and 13.2.3 of this
plan and basis of acceptance, the following shall apply: specification. The hardness shall be determined using Test
12.3.1.1 The lot, for purposes of selecting samples, shall Methods E18, E92, or Test Method E384, as appropriate.
consist of all products offered for inspection and testing, at one 13.2.2 Machined test specimens tested for tensile strength,
time, that are the same type, style, nominal diameter, thread yield strength at 0.2 % offset, and elongation shall be tested in
pitch, nominal length, material (alloy), condition, and surface accordance with the methods described in Test Methods F606.
finish.
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16. Certification
16.1 Test Report— The manufacturer shall maintain on file
for a period of 5 years, the original test report, including a copy
of the certified chemical analysis of the heat of material used
and the results of the required testing for the lot of fasteners.
16.2 Manufacturer’s Certificate of Conformance—The
manufacturer shall maintain on file for a period of 5 years, a
certificate indicating that the lot of fasteners was manufactured
and tested in accordance with this specification and conforms
FIG. 4 Comparison of Overall Length Before and After Fracture to all specified requirements.
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16.3 When requested by the purchaser, submission of copies 18.2 When special packaging requirements are required by
of the test report, manufacturer’s certificate, or an extension of the purchaser, they shall be defined at the time of inquiry and
the 5-year document retention period shall be performed as order.
agreed between the manufacturer and the purchaser at the time 18.3 Package Marking—Each shipping unit shall include or
of the inquiry or order. be plainly marked with the following:
18.3.1 ASTM specification,
17. Product Marking
18.3.2 Alloy group and condition,
17.1 Individual Products—All products 1⁄4 in. diameter and 18.3.3 Alloy number,
larger, shall be marked with a symbol to identify the manufac- 18.3.4 Size,
turer. In addition, they shall be marked with the alloy/ 18.3.5 Name and brand or trademark of the manufacturer,
mechanical property marking in accordance with Table 1. The 18.3.6 Country of origin,
manufacturer may at their opinion add the specific stainless
18.3.7 Number of pieces, and
alloy designation from Table 2. The marking shall be raised or
18.3.8 Purchase order number.
depressed at the option of the manufacturer.
18. Packaging and Package Marking 19. Keywords
18.1 Unless otherwise specified packaging shall be in ac- 19.1 corrosion resistant; stainless steel; socket head cap
cordance with Practice D3951. screws
SUPPLEMENTARY REQUIREMENTS
The following supplementary requirements shall apply only when specified by the purchaser in the
contract or order. Details of these supplementary requirements shall be agreed upon in writing between
the manufacturer and purchaser. Supplementary requirements shall in no way negate any requirement
of the specification itself.
S1. Shipment Lot Testing condition AF screws shall not exceed 1.05 at 100 oersteds
S1.1 When Supplementary Requirement S1 is specified on when determined by Test Method A342/A342M. Screws in
the order, the manufacturer shall make sample tests on the Group 1 or 2 condition CW or CW1 may not be capable of
individual lots for shipment to ensure that the product con- meeting permeability and strength requirements simulta-
forms to the specified requirements. neously. Consultation with the raw material manufacturer
S1.2 The manufacturer shall make an analysis of a ran- should be considered for critical permeability requirements.
domly selected finished fastener from each lot of product to be
S4. Material Identification
shipped. Heat or lot control shall be maintained. The analysis
of the starting material from which fasteners have been S4.1 When Supplementary Requirement S4 is specified on
manufactured may be reported in place of the product analysis. the inquiry and order, the fasteners shall be marked with the
S1.3 The manufacturer shall perform mechanical property specific alloy number to identify the material in accordance
tests in accordance with this specification and Guide F1470 on with the purchaser’s instructions.
the individual lots for shipment. S5. Manufacturer Identification
S1.4 The manufacturer shall furnish a test report for each lot
in the shipment showing the actual results of the chemical S5.1 When Supplementary Requirement S6 is specified on
analysis and mechanical property tests performed in accor- the inquiry and order for nominal sizes 1⁄4 (0.250) in. and
dance with Supplementary Requirement S1. larger, the fasteners shall be marked with the manufacturer’s
insignia. The manufacturer’s identification insignia shall be of
S2. Alloy Control the design, placed on the side or top of the head and
S2.1 When Supplementary Requirement S2 is specified on recognizable to the purchaser. The insignia shall be readable
the inquiry and order, the manufacturer shall supply that alloy with no greater than 103 magnification.
specified by the customer on the order with no group substi-
tutions permitted without the written permission of the pur- S6. Forged Heads
chaser. S6.1 When Supplementary Requirement S7 is specified on
the inquiry and order, screw heads shall be cold forged by
S3. Permeability upset, extrusion, or both. The hexagon socket may be forged or
S3.1 When Supplementary Requirement S3 is specified on machined at the manufacturer’s option. This requirement may
the inquiry and order, the permeability of Group 1 or 2 be inappropriate for large sizes.
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S7. Corrosion Resistance Tests S8. Passivation
S7.1 When Supplementary Requirement S8 is specified on S8.1 When Supplementary Requirement S9 is specified on
the inquiry and order, corrosion test(s) shall be performed as the inquiry and order, the finished product shall be passivated
agreed between the manufacturer and the purchaser at the time in accordance with Specification A380.
of the inquiry or order.
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