Name: Ijaz Ur Rahman

Section: Bs-ENG-4B
Subject: Literary Prose
Roll no: 18805
Submitter To: Sir Nouman
Q1: Why do people tell a lie instead of speaking the truth?
Discuss in light “Of Truth”.

Bacon writes in his easy “Of truth” about usefulness of truth and lie. Where he also
states the reason of speaking lie instead of truth. He starts his essay with the ancient
reason of speaking lie. Where he states the approach of ancient philosopher toward
lie.
#1 certainly there be, that delight in giddiness, and count it a bondage to fix a
belief; affecting free will in thinking, as well as in acting.
He states the first reason of people’s approach toward lie is that there is a pleasure
in shifting from one belief to another belief and it is kind of slavery when you have
just a single and fix belief about something, because having a fix belief can affect
your free-will in thinking, as well as in acting.
Francis Bacon records another reason of speaking false in which he oppose the
general idea of people that lie is told because of compulsion or any need. He
condemns the general idea and states that neither it is hard to find truth nor it is
weighty thing to hold it, but people are attracted to false because of theirs love
toward lie. He also compare the some use of lie in specific condition with general
condition. He states that such people exists who is speak false for amusement.
#2 But it is not only the difficulty and labor which men take in finding out of
truth, nor again that when it is found it imposeth upon men’s thoughts, that
doth bring lies in favor; but a natural though corrupt love of the lie itself. One
of the later school of the Grecians examineth the matter and is at a stand to
think what should be in it, that men should love lies, where neither they make
for pleasure, as with poets, nor for advantage, as with the merchant; but for the
lie’s sake.
People do not love lie that either there is difficulty in finding out of truth or it is to
be forced upon men’s thoughts, but they love lie because of beauty of lie. Greek
philosophers study the matter that why people love lies because it is neither speak
for pleasure as poets include lies in their poetry for amusement nor for advantage,
as merchants speak lies to sell their goods with false information. In result of study,
it is found that they speak lie just for the lie’s sake.
The third reason that is found in “Of Truth” essay is that false has pleasure. False
has beauty and when it appears in different ways, it looks more beautiful while at
other hand, truth has no attraction. Truth has not that beautiful features which can
make us to hold it. It is human nature that takes delight in shimmery place of
falsehood rather than dull light of truth.
#3 Truth may perhaps come to the price of a pearl, that showeth best by day;
but it will not rise to the price of a diamond or carbuncle, that showeth best in
varied lights.
The 4th reason of avoiding truth is that false adds pleasure. If you add unbelievable
elements to your talk, stories, or discourse, it makes other people to listen you and
enjoy the exaggeration in acts. It also help to build delightful imaginations. People
considers the plain truth as a boring stuff.

#4 A mixture of a lie doth ever add pleasure.

When you add lie, it adds pleasure and amusement in situations, discussions, and
stories. It makes impressive and interesting your talk.
The last reason of people prefer lie upon truth is that they are not brave. They cannot
face a man. They cannot face the danger or hate in result of speaking truth. Because
of cowardness, they cannot face a person with truth but they can face God with
falsehood.

#5 For a lie faces God, and shrinks from man.

Everyman knows that I am being witness by God. He speaks false with bravery in
front of him but he cannot utter words of truth in front of people. It is a fear of
speaker.

Q2: Why does Bacon believe that studying too much is laziness?
Bacon believes that studying is essential for human being because it helps to build a
useful man for society. It helps in discourse as an ornaments and helps in the
judgment of and disposition of business. But he also states that studying too much is
laziness.
#1 Too spent too much time in study is sloth;
If the sentence is analyzed in context of essay, it means that studying is not enough
to learn something. It imposes the idea of being experienced along with knowing
theory about something.
Before the stated line, bacon states the necessity of having knowledge. A person will
be the best in solving problems if he has theoretical knowledge along with practical
knowledge.
#2 Come best from those that are learned.
It makes a man perfect in particular subject. But he also indicates that having just
theoretical knowledge is just like having practical knowledge without fundamental
knowledge. By giving this remark that spending too much time in study is sloth
means that a person must acquire the practical knowledge.
#3 Studies themselves do give forth directions too much at large, except they be
bounded in by experience.
Bacon notes that study can only perfect the nature. It is experience that can perfect
that nature. If someone learns something, and does not practice it, he will forget it
forever like he never learned it. What he studied is a waste of time then.
Even it refers to the use of too much study for delight and amusement in privateness
and retiring. It holds you in a room and restrict you from enjoying the nature and
being a part of practical world.

Q3: Is married man better for society or a single man. Discuss in light of
Bacon’s essay “Of marriage and single life”.
As this question either demands for suggesting of reader or to come out with
suggestion of Bacon in his essay, it is essential to write the idea of Bacon first. Bacon
has utilitarian approach in his all essays. He never recommend any thing to reader.
He talks about the usefulness of things. As a reader, I would drop me idea that single
man is better than married man for society.
As it is the requirement of question to write it down in the light of Bacon’s essay, so
I am limited to use the Bacon’s point of view that opposes married life.

The first disadvantage of married life that supports the usefulness of single man is
that wife and children is an obstacle for man’s progress. They need time and care
which limit the man and restrict him to take risk for any idea or action, where it is of
virtue or badness. He must to think about his family future.
#1 He that hath wife and children had given hostages to fortune; for they are
impediments to great enterprises, either of virtue or mischief.
While single man is free to take risk in both cases. He has no obstacles to limit his
actions. He can do best for public and can take any risk for himself, for society and
for nation.
#2 Certainly the best works, and of greatest merit for the public, have
proceeded from the unmarried or childless men;
Freedom is the blessing. According to Bacon, to remain single offers you a life of
freedom. It is the reason that peoples do not marry. They take it as obstacle. So a
single man has freedom in life. Freedom makes you free in action. A happy person’s
actions are less harm than annoying and frustrated person.
#3 But most ordinary cause of a single life, is liberty.
Even if Bacon learns that unmarried man are not the best for long time but still he
declares that single men are good friends, best masters and best servants. It means
that unmarried person is good in friendship because has enough free time to spend
with his friends and ability of taking risk for his friend. Single man is best servant
because he has can spend more than duty time if it is needed and he can also do
better job than married man because has not tension of family.
#4 Unmarried men are best friends, best masters, best servants;
Single men are more charitable. They do not save money for future of their wife and
children. They donate huge amount of their earning in charity. It makes him more
useful for society.
In light of these remarks, I am in support of usefulness of single man for society. It
makes you free from obstacles that makes you less favorable to society.