ASME PTB-4-2013

Examples E4.16.1/E4.6.1 and E4.6.2 BPVC VIII-1

Table of contents

Table of contents ................................................................1

Comparison Overview* .............................................................2
4.16 Flanged Joints ...........................................................3
Example E4.16.1 - Integral Type .................................................3
E 4.16.1 - LV Calculation* .......................................................5
4.6 Flat Heads ...............................................................7
Example E4.6.1 - Flat Unstayed Circular Heads Attached by Bolts .................7
E 4.6.1 - LV Calculation* ........................................................8
4.6.2 Example E4.6.2- Flat Un-stayed Non-Circular Heads Attached by Welding10
E.4.6.2 - LV Calculation* .......................................................11
Appendix : Material documentation ...............................................13

Layout

Input values: 1.234 or 1.234

Calculated values: 1.234 or 1.234
Critical values: 1.234 or 1.234
Estimated values: 1.234 or 1.234

Lauterbach Verfahrenstechnik GmbH 1 27-Feb-2014

 ASME PTB-4-2013
Examples E4.16.1/E4.6.1 and E4.6.2 BPVC VIII-1

Comparison Overview*

Equation form

Comments
Results for example E4.6.1-2 acc. ASME and Lauterbach Verfahrenstechnik GmbH
The LV program uses formulas for Flat Heads acc. VIII-1,UG-34/39 and App.2

Equations Value
Conversion factor mm2in = 0.03937 0.03937

'Results Ex. E4.6.1 LV and ASME

Required thickness t acc. LV t1 = mm2in*#30(3) 1.651
Required thickness t ASME t1Asme = 1.6532 1.653
Difference in % Diff1 = (t1-t1Asme)/t1Asme*100 -0.1035

'Results Ex. E4.6.2 LV and ASME

Required thickness t acc. LV t2 = mm2in*#30(5) 0.7039
Required thickness t ASME t2Asme = 0.7032 0.7032
Difference in % Diff1 = (t2-t2Asme)/t2Asme*100 0.09357

'Maximum difference between LV and ASME

Dmax = Max(|Diff1|;|Diff2|;|Diff3|;|Diff4|) 1.438

*
Form for equations

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 ASME PTB-4-2013
Examples E4.16.1/E4.6.1 and E4.6.2 BPVC VIII-1

4.16 Flanged Joints

Example E4.16.1 - Integral Type

Determine if the stresses in the heat exchanger girth flange are with acceptable limits, considering the
following design conditions. The flange is of an integral type and is attached to a cylindrical shell with a
Category C, Type 1 butt weld and has been 100% radiographically examined. See Figure E4.16.1.

General Data:
Cylinder Material = SA-516, Grade 70
Design Conditions = 135 psig @650°F
Allowable Stress at Design Temperature = 18800 psi
Allowable Stress at Ambient Temperature = 20000 psi
Corrosion Allowance = 0.125 in

Flange Data:
Material = SA-105
Allowable Stress at Design Temperature = 17800 psi
Allowable Stress at Ambient Temperature = 20000 psi
Modulus of Elasticity at Design Temperature = 26.0E + 06 psi
Modulus of Elasticity at Ambient Temperature = 29.4E +06 psi

Bolt Data:
Material = SA-193, Grade B7
Allowable Stress at Design Temperature = 25000 psi
Allowable Stress at Ambient Temperature = 25000 psi
Diameter = 0.75 in
Number of Bolts = 44
Root area = 2
0.302 in

Gasket Data:
Material = Flat Metal Jacketed
(Iron/Soft Steel)
Gasket Factor = 3.75
Seating Stress = 7600 psi
Inside Diameter = 29.0 in
Outside Diameter = 30.0 in

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 ASME PTB-4-2013
Examples E4.16.1/E4.6.1 and E4.6.2 BPVC VIII-1

Design rules for bolted flange connections with ring type gaskets are provided in Vlll-1 Mandatory
Appendix 2.
The rules in this paragraph are the same as those provided in Vlll-2, paragraph 4.16. However,
there are differences to be noted, including; a step-by-step design procedure, nomenclature with
regard to operating and gasket seating bolt loads, the inclusion of a flange moment due to externally
applied axial forces and bending moment, and minor differences in bolt spacing criteria.
Therefore, while the example problem will be presented for use with Vlll-1, Appendix 2, references
to Vlll-2 paragraphs will be provided, as applicable.

Evaluate the girth flange in accordance with Vlll-1, Appendix 2.

Establish the design conditions and gasket reaction diameter, (VIII-2, paragraph 4.16.6).

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 ASME PTB-4-2013
Examples E4.16.1/E4.6.1 and E4.6.2 BPVC VIII-1

E 4.16.1 - LV Calculation*

Integral Type Flange

Design data
Design pressure PD 135 psi = pD 135 psi
Hydrostatic head DP 0 psi = Dp 0 psi
Calculation pressure P0 135 psi = p0 135 psi
Calculation temperature T0 650 °F

Flange:
Outside diameter A 32.88 in Inside diameter B 26.25 in
Bolt circle diam. C 31.25 in Pipe size Bn 26.25 in
Hub length h 2.125 in Flange thickness t 1.437 in
Large hub thickn. g1 0.6875 in Small hub thick. g0 0.3125 in

Material: K03504-SA-105--Class:-Size:
Allowable operating stress Sfb 17811 psi
Allowable installation stress Sfa 20015 psi
Corrosion allowance c2 0 in

Gasket:
Gasket diameter G 29.5 in
Effective gasket width [Table:2.5.2] b 0.2031 in
Gasket factor [Table:2.5.1] m 3.75 -
Gasket seating load [Table:2.5.1] y 7600 psi

Bolts:
Number n 44 -
Root diameter dK 0.62 in
Nominal diameter a 0.75 in
Material: G41400-SA-193-B7-Class:-Size:<=64
Allowable operating stress Sb 24946 psi
Allowable installation stress Sa 24946 psi
Consider bolt factor BSC 2-6(7)? (N=No) Y (Y/N)

Required operation bolt load, Eq.(1) Wm1 = 111274 lbf

Minimum initial bolt load, Eq.(2) Wm2 = 142982 lbf
Available cross section of bolts Ab = 13.28 in²
Required cross section Wm1/Sb Am1 = 4.46 in²
Required cross section Wm2/Sa Am2 = 5.732 in²

Req. bolt load (5) for gasket seating=(Am+Ab)*Sa/2 W 237101 lbf

Allowable bolt load = Ab*Sa Wall 331221 lbf
Design (gasket seating =1; max. allowable=2) 1 (1,2)

Moment = Force * Lever arm = Result

-----------------------------------------------------------------------
MD = HD*hD = 73024 lbf * 2.156 in = 157459 lbf·in
MG = HG*hG = 19049 lbf * 0.875 in = 16667 lbf·in
MT = HT*hT = 19202 lbf * 1.688 in = 32403 lbf·in

Total moment operation M01 = MD + MG + MT = 206529 lbf·in

Total moment gasket seating Eq.(6) M02 = W * (C-G)/2 = 207464 lbf·in

*
Bolted flanges ASME BPVC VIII DIVISION 1 APP. 2, 2013 Edition

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 ASME PTB-4-2013
Examples E4.16.1/E4.6.1 and E4.6.2 BPVC VIII-1

Stress Operation Installation ≤ Allowable —

-----------------------------------------------------------------------
Longitudinal SH = 17786 psi 17866 psi ≤ 1.5*S_f (8)
Ratio SH/Sf = 0.9986 0.8926 ≤ 1.5
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
All. stress Sf = 17811 psi 20015 psi
Radial SR = 6157 psi 6184 psi ≤ S_f (9)
Tangential ST = 5548 psi 5573 psi ≤ S_f (10)
Combination (SH+SR)/2 = 11971 psi 12025 psi ≤ S_f
Combination (SH+ST)/2 = 11667 psi 11719 psi ≤ S_f

Bolt pitch BS = 2.231 in ≤ 3.529 in = BSmax (3)

Remark:

Auxiliary values:
K = A / B = 1.252 -
T = ( Fig. 2-7.1 ) = 1.817 -
U = ( Fig. 2-7.1 ) = 9.623 -
Y = ( Fig. 2-7.1 ) = 8.757 -
Z = ( Fig. 2-7.1 ) = 4.518 -

h0 = √( B * g0 ) = 2.864 in
F = ( Fig. 2-7.2 ) = 0.7677 -
V = ( Fig. 2-7.3 ) = 0.1576 -
f = ( Fig. 2-7.6 ) = 1 -

d = (U/V) * h0 * g0² = 279869 mm³

e = F / h0 = 0.01055 1/mm
L = ( t*e + 1 )/ T + t³ / d = 0.9359 -

H = .785 * G² * P * .1 = 92226 lbf

HD = .785 * B² * P * .1 = 73024 lbf
HP = 2*b * 3.14 * G * m * P *.1 = 19049 lbf
HT = H - HD = 19202 lbf
Wm1 = H + HP, Eq.(1) = 111274 lbf
Wm2 = 3.14*b*g*y, Eq.(2) = 142982 lbf
HG = Wm1 - H = 19049 lbf
R = ( C - B ) / 2 - g1 = 1.813 in
hD = R + .5 g1 = 2.156 in
hG = ( C - G ) / 2 = 0.875 in
hT = ( R + g1 + hG ) / 2 = 1.688 in
Bolt pitch BS = Pi*C/n = 2.231 in
(3) BSmax = 2*a + 6*t/(m+0.5) = 3.529 in
For BS > 2*a+t: (7) BSC = √ ( BS/(2*a+t) ) = 1

KI (=0.3 acc. Table 2-14) = 0.3

J = 52.14*V*[M01 bzw. M02]/L/[E bzw. E20C]/(g0-c2)²/KI/h0

= 52.14* 0.1576*[ 2.333E+7 or 2.344E+7]/ 0.9359
/[ 178667 or 201000]/( 7.938- 0)²/ 0.3/ 72.75

Rigidity criterion: J = 0.8339 ≤ 1.0

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 ASME PTB-4-2013
Examples E4.16.1/E4.6.1 and E4.6.2 BPVC VIII-1

4.6 Flat Heads

Example E4.6.1 - Flat Unstayed Circular Heads Attached by Bolts

Determine the required thickness for a heat exchanger b lind flange.

Blind Flange Data:

Material = SA-105
Design Conditions = 135 psig @650°F
Flange Bolt-Up Temperature = 100 °F
Corrosion Allowance = 0.125 in
Allowable Stress = 17800 psi
Allowable Stress at Flange Bolt-Up Temp = 20000 psi
Weld Joint Efficiency = 1.0
Mating flange information and gasket details are provided in Example Problem
E4.16.1.

Design rules for unstayed flat heads and covers are provided in UG-34.
The rules in this paragraph are the same as those provided in Vlll-2, paragraph 4.6.

Evaluate the blind flange in accordance with Vlll-1, UG-34 and Appendix 2.

The minimum required thickness of a flat unstayed circular head, cover, or blind flange that is
attached with bolting that results in an edge moment, see Vlll-1, Fig. UG-34, Sketch (j), shall be
calculated by the equations shown below. The operating and gasket seating bolt loads
and W , and the moment arm of this load, hG in these equations shall be computed based on
the flange geometry and gasket material as described in Vlll-1,paragraph 2-5 and Table 2-6.

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 ASME PTB-4-2013
Examples E4.16.1/E4.6.1 and E4.6.2 BPVC VIII-1

E 4.6.1 - LV Calculation*

Circular flat heads and plates with flange moment

Design data:
Design pressure PD 135 psi = pD 135 psi
Hydrostatic head DP 0 psi = Dp 0 psi
Calculation pressure P0 135 psi = p0 135 psi
Calculation temperature T0 650 °F
Design type (Fig. UG-34, F3-key) Typ 1
Gasket:
Gasket diameter G 29.5 in
Effective gasket width b 0.2031 in
Gasket factor m 3.7 -
Gasket seating load y 7600 psi
Bolt forces
Gasket seating force W acc. 2-5(e) Eq.(5), AFL WE1 237101 lbf
Lever arm hg 0.875 in
Flat head or plate:
Design wall thickness th 1.437 in
Wall thickness allowance c1 0 in
Allowance (corrosion) c2 0.125 in
Wall thickness without allowances t0 1.312 in
Design diameter d 29.5 in
Joint efficiency E 1 -
Material: K03504-SA-105--Class:-Size:
Allowable stress installation SE 20015 psi
Allowable stress operation SB 17811 psi

Calculation:

Gasket force for min. pressure Wm2 142982 lbf

Bolting force for installation MAX(WE1, Wm2) WE 237101 lbf
Bolt force for operation Wm1 111020 lbf
Design factor C 0.3 -
Required thickness t 1.526 in
Required thickness incl. allowances t+c1+c2 1.651 in
Minimum required thickness in a groove tm 0.8171 in

Remark:

Openings acc. to UG-39

Nozzle material:
Opening diameter, corroded (≤ d/2) di in
Nozzle wall thickness without allowances tn in
Allowable nozzle stress Sn psi
Wall thickness reserve t' -0.2145 in
Available reinforcement area (plate) A1 mm²
Required reinforcement area A mm²
Altern. plate thickness acc. UG-39(d) corroded tA in
Remark:
—

*
Unstayed flat heads and covers ASME BPVC VIII UG-34 & UG-39, 2013 Edition

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 ASME PTB-4-2013
Examples E4.16.1/E4.6.1 and E4.6.2 BPVC VIII-1

Allowable unreinforced opening diameter dA for welded, brazed, and flued

connections acc. UG 36(c)3:
dA ≤ 89 mm for t ≤ 10 mm or: dA ≤ 3 1/2 in for t ≤ 3/8 in
dA ≤ 60 mm for t > 10 mm or: dA ≤ 2 3/8 in for t > 3/8 in

Equations:

tE = d* 1.9*WE*hg/(SE*E*d³) = 20.75

= 749.3 *

* 1.9 * 1054673 * 22.23 / ( 138 * 1 * 749.3 ³ )

tB = d* C*P0/(SB*E) + 1.9*Wm1*hg/(SB*E*d³) = 38.77

= 749.3 * 0.3 * 0.9308 / ( 122.8 * 1 ) +

+ 1.9 * 493841 * 22.23 / ( 122.8 * 1 * 749.3 ³ )

t = max(tE;tB) = 38.77

tm = d* 1.9*max(WE/SE;Wm1/SB)*hg/(E*d³) = 20.75

= 749.3 * 1.9 * 7643 * 22.23 / ( 1 * 749.3 ³ )

t' = E_1*(th-c1-c2) - t(E=1) = -5.448

= 1 * ( 36.5 - 0 - 3.175 ) - 38.77

Available reinforcement area analogously to Fig. UG-37.1

If: di = > 2*(t0+tn) = 2*( 33.32 + ) then
A1 = = (di - 2*tn*(1-Sn/SB)) * t'
= ( - 2* *(1- / 122.8))* -5.448
else:
A1 = = 2*[ t0 + tn - tn*(1-Sn/SB) ] * t' =
= 2*[ 33.32 + - *(1- / 122.8))* -5.448

Required reinforcement area acc. UG-39(b)(1)

A = = 0.5*t*di + t*tn*(1-Sn/SB)) =
= 0.5* 38.77* + 38.77* *(1- / 122.8)

If A1 = mm² ≥ mm² = A is not met, the available

reinforcement area can better be calculated acc. UG-37 analogously to
openings in cylinders (Longitudinal plane, F=1):
Aavail = mm² acc. UG-37 ( ≥ A= mm² )

Alternatively the plate thickness without allowances can be increased

acc. UG-39(d) to
t = in acc. UG-39(d) ( ≤ t0 = 1.312 in )

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 ASME PTB-4-2013
Examples E4.16.1/E4.6.1 and E4.6.2 BPVC VIII-1

4.6.2 Example E4.6.2- Flat Un-stayed Non-Circular Heads Attached by Welding

Determine the required thickness for an air-cooled heat exchanger end plate. The end
plate is welded to the air-cooled heat exchanger box with a full penetration Category C, Type 7 corner joint.

End Plate Data:

• Material = SA-516, Grade 70

• Design Conditions = 400 psig@500°F

• Short Span Length = 7.125 in

• Long Span Length = 9.25 in
• Corrosion Allowance = 0.125 in
• Allowable Stress = 20000 psi
• Weld Joint Efficiency = 1.0

Design rules for unstayed flat heads and covers are provided in UG-34.
The rules in this paragraph are the same as those provided in Vlll-2, paragraph 4.6.

Evaluate the welded end plate in accordance with Vlll-1, UG-34 and Appendix 13.

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 ASME PTB-4-2013
Examples E4.16.1/E4.6.1 and E4.6.2 BPVC VIII-1

E.4.6.2 - LV Calculation*

Non-circular flat heads and plates without flange moment

Design data:
Design pressure PD 400 psi = pD 400 psi
Hydrostatic head DP 0 psi = Dp 0 psi
Calculation pressure P0 400 psi = p0 400 psi
Calculation temperature T0 500 °F
Design type (Fig. UG-34, F3-key) Typ c
Cylinder:
Outside diameter D0 in
Final thickness without allowance ts in
Required thickness without allowance tr in
Final thickness for type b1 (≥ 2*ts) tf in
Flat head or plate:
Design wall thickness th 0.8 in
Wall thickness allowance c1 0 in
Allowance (corrosion) c2 0.125 in
Wall thickness without corrosion t0 0.675 in
Design diameter d 7.375 in
Large diameter D 9.5 in
Joint efficiency E 1 -
Material: K02700-SA-516-70-Class:-Size:
Allowable stress S 19957 psi

results
Ratio m = -
Design factor Z = 1.537 -
Design factor C 0.2 -

Required thickness t = 0.5789 in

Allowable excess pressure P = 543.9 psi
Allowable pressure without hydrostatic head MAWP 543.9 psi
Required thickness incl. allowances t+c1+c2 = 0.7039 in
Required bend radius rmin = in

Openings acc. to UG-39

Nozzle material:
Opening diameter, corroded (≤ d/2) di in
Nozzle wall thickness without allowances tn in
Allowable nozzle stress Sn psi
Wall thickness reserve t' 0.09614 in
Available reinforcement area (plate) A1 mm²
Required reinforcement area A mm²
Altern. plate thickness acc. UG-39(d) corrod. tA in
Remark:

Allowable unreinforced opening diameter dA for welded, brazed, and flued

connections acc. UG 36(c)3:
dA ≤ 89 mm for t ≤ 10 mm or: dA ≤ 3 1/2 in for t ≤ 3/8 in
dA ≤ 60 mm for t > 10 mm or: dA ≤ 2 3/8 in for t > 3/8 in
—

*
Unstayed flat heads and covers ASME BPVC VIII UG-34 & UG-39, 2013 Edition

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 ASME PTB-4-2013
Examples E4.16.1/E4.6.1 and E4.6.2 BPVC VIII-1

Equations:

m = tr/ts = = /

d 187.3
Z = 3.4 - 2.4 * = 1.537 = 3.4 - 2.4 * ≤ 2.5
D 241.3

t = d* Z*C*P0/(S*E) = 14.7

= 187.3 * 1.537 * 0.2 * 2.758 / ( 137.6 * 1 )

t' = E_1*(th-c1-c2) - t(E=1) = 2.442

= 1 * ( 20.32 - 0 - 3.175 ) - 14.7

Available reinforcement area analogously to Fig. UG-37.1

If: di = > 2*(t0+tn) = 2*( 17.15 + ) then
A1 = = (di - 2*tn*(1-Sn/SB)) * t'
= ( - 2* *(1- / 137.6))* 2.442
else:
A1 = = 2*[ t0 + tn - tn*(1-Sn/SB) ] * t' =
= 2*[ 17.15 + - *(1- / 137.6))* 2.442

Required reinforcement area acc. UG-39(b)(1)

A = = 0.5*t*di + t*tn*(1-Sn/SB)) =
= 0.5* 14.7* + 14.7* *(1- / 137.6)

If A1 = mm² ≥ mm² = A is not met, the available

reinforcement area can better be calculated acc. UG-37 analogously to
openings in cylinders (Longitudinal plane, F=1):
Aavail = mm² acc. UG-37 ( ≥ A= mm² )

Alternatively the plate thickness without allowances can be increased

acc. UG-39(d) to
t = in acc. UG-39(d) ( ≤ t0 = 0.675 in )

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 ASME PTB-4-2013
Examples E4.16.1/E4.6.1 and E4.6.2 BPVC VIII-1

Appendix : Material documentation

Section no 2: Flansch/AFLSection no 3: Boden/Platte/UG34

Material specification:

Regulation: ASMET1A:2010Spec. No.: SA-105 Product: Forgings

Material code: K03504-SA-105--Class:-Size: Short name: Carbon steel

Design conditions and dimensions:

Temperature [°C]: 343,33 Pressure [bar]: 27,58
Thickness [mm]: 0 Outside diameter [mm]: 0

Material values for test and design conditions:

Test condition Operating condition
----------------------------------------
Nominal design strength [N/mm²]: 138,00 122,80
Safety factor: 1,00 1,00
Allowable stress [N/mm²]: 138,00 122,80
Modulus of elasticity [kN/mm²]: 201 178,667

Creep rupture strength for 100000 h [MPa]:

Tensile strength and yield stress at ambient temperature:

Diam./·········|Tensile str.···|···············|ReH············|Rupture········|Rupture········
Thick.·········|Rm min·········|Rm max·········|···············|elong.·········|elong··········
<= mm··········|MPa············|MPa············|MPa············|längs %········|quer %·········
---------------+---------------+---------------+---------------+---------------+---------------
···············|···············|···············|···············|···············|···············

K-values as function of the temperature

Diam./···|·········|·········|·········|·········|·········|·········|·········|·········
Thickn.··|50°C·····|100°C····|150°C····|200°C····|250°C····|300°C····|350°C····|400°C····
<= mm····|MPa······|MPa······|MPa······|MPa······|MPa······|MPa······|MPa······|MPa······
---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------
·········|·········|138······|138······|138······|136······|129······|122······|101······

K-values as function of the temperature

Diam./·····|···········|···········|···········|···········|···········|···········|···········
Thickn.····|450°C······|500°C······|550°C······|600°C······|650°C······|700°C······|800°C······
<= mm······|MPa········|MPa········|MPa········|MPa········|MPa········|MPa········|MPa········
-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------
···········|67.0·······|33.6·······|12.9·······|···········|···········|···········|···········

Modulus of elasticity in dependence of the temperature:

Static modulus of elasticity in [kN/mm²] at the temperature of

-75··|-200·|-125·|25···|100··|150··|200··|250··|300··|350··|400··|450··|500··|550··|600··
-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----
207··|215··|211··|201··|197··|194··|191··|188··|183··|178··|170··|161··|149··|136··|121··

Coefficient of linear expansion:

Thermal coefficient of expansion between 20°C and

Density|100°C··|200°C··|300°C··|400°C··|500°C··|600°C··|700°C··|800°C··|Heat···|Heat···
(20 °C)|·······|·······|·······|·······|·······|·······|·······|·······|cond.··|capac.·
kg/dm³·|10E-6/K|10E-6/K|10E-6/K|10E-6/K|10E-6/K|10E-6/K|10E-6/K|10E-6/K|W/Km···|J/kgK··
-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------
7,85···|12,1···|12,7···|13,3···|13,8···|14,4···|-······|-······|-······|·······|·······

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 ASME PTB-4-2013
Examples E4.16.1/E4.6.1 and E4.6.2 BPVC VIII-1

Section no 2: Schraube/AFL

Material specification:

Regulation: ASMET3:2010Spec. No.: SA-193 Product: Bolting

Material code: G41400-SA-193-B7-Class:-Size:<=64 Short name: 1Cr-0.2Mo

Design conditions and dimensions:

Temperature [°C]: 343,3333 Pressure [bar]: 27,58
Thickness [mm]: 0 Outside diameter [mm]: 0

Material values for test and design conditions:

Test condition Operating condition
----------------------------------------
Nominal design strength [N/mm²]: 172,00 172,00
Safety factor: 1,00 1,00
Allowable stress [N/mm²]: 172,00 172,00
Modulus of elasticity [kN/mm²]: 204 183,4

Creep rupture strength for 100000 h [MPa]:

Tensile strength and yield stress at ambient temperature:

Diam./·········|Tensile str.···|···············|ReH············|Rupture········|Rupture········
Thick.·········|Rm min·········|Rm max·········|···············|elong.·········|elong··········
<= mm··········|MPa············|MPa············|MPa············|längs %········|quer %·········
---------------+---------------+---------------+---------------+---------------+---------------
···············|···············|···············|···············|···············|···············

K-values as function of the temperature

Diam./···|·········|·········|·········|·········|·········|·········|·········|·········
Thickn.··|50°C·····|100°C····|150°C····|200°C····|250°C····|300°C····|350°C····|400°C····
<= mm····|MPa······|MPa······|MPa······|MPa······|MPa······|MPa······|MPa······|MPa······
---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------
·········|·········|172······|172······|172······|172······|172······|172······|162······

K-values as function of the temperature

Diam./·····|···········|···········|···········|···········|···········|···········|···········
Thickn.····|450°C······|500°C······|550°C······|600°C······|650°C······|700°C······|800°C······
<= mm······|MPa········|MPa········|MPa········|MPa········|MPa········|MPa········|MPa········
-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------
···········|118········|68.8·······|18.9·······|···········|···········|···········|···········

Modulus of elasticity in dependence of the temperature:

Static modulus of elasticity in [kN/mm²] at the temperature of

650··|-75··|-200·|-125·|25···|100··|150··|200··|250··|300··|350··|400··|450··|500··|550··
-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----
150··|210··|218··|213··|204··|200··|197··|193··|190··|186··|183··|179··|174··|169··|164··

Static modulus of elasticity in [kN/mm²] at the temperature of

600···············|700···············|··················|··················|··················
------------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+------------------
157···············|142···············|··················|··················|··················

Coefficient of linear expansion:

Thermal coefficient of expansion between 20°C and

Density|100°C··|200°C··|300°C··|400°C··|500°C··|600°C··|700°C··|800°C··|Heat···|Heat···
(20 °C)|·······|·······|·······|·······|·······|·······|·······|·······|cond.··|capac.·
kg/dm³·|10E-6/K|10E-6/K|10E-6/K|10E-6/K|10E-6/K|10E-6/K|10E-6/K|10E-6/K|W/Km···|J/kgK··
-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------
7,85···|12,1···|12,7···|13,3···|13,8···|14,4···|-······|-······|-······|·······|·······

Lauterbach Verfahrenstechnik GmbH 14 27-Feb-2014

 ASME PTB-4-2013
Examples E4.16.1/E4.6.1 and E4.6.2 BPVC VIII-1

Section no 4: Boden/Platte/UG34

Material specification:

Regulation: ASMET1A:2010Spec. No.: SA-516 Product: Plate

Material code: K02700-SA-516-70-Class:-Size: Short name: Carbon steel

Design conditions and dimensions:

Temperature [°C]: 260 Pressure [bar]: 27,58
Thickness [mm]: 0 Outside diameter [mm]: 0

Material values for test and design conditions:

Test condition Operating condition
----------------------------------------
Nominal design strength [N/mm²]: 138,00 137,60
Safety factor: 1,00 1,00
Allowable stress [N/mm²]: 138,00 137,60
Modulus of elasticity [kN/mm²]: 202 188,2

Creep rupture strength for 100000 h [MPa]:

Tensile strength and yield stress at ambient temperature:

Diam./·········|Tensile str.···|···············|ReH············|Rupture········|Rupture········
Thick.·········|Rm min·········|Rm max·········|···············|elong.·········|elong··········
<= mm··········|MPa············|MPa············|MPa············|längs %········|quer %·········
---------------+---------------+---------------+---------------+---------------+---------------
···············|···············|···············|···············|···············|···············

K-values as function of the temperature

Diam./···|·········|·········|·········|·········|·········|·········|·········|·········
Thickn.··|50°C·····|100°C····|150°C····|200°C····|250°C····|300°C····|350°C····|400°C····
<= mm····|MPa······|MPa······|MPa······|MPa······|MPa······|MPa······|MPa······|MPa······
---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------
·········|·········|138······|138······|138······|138······|136······|128······|101······

K-values as function of the temperature

Diam./·····|···········|···········|···········|···········|···········|···········|···········
Thickn.····|450°C······|500°C······|550°C······|600°C······|650°C······|700°C······|800°C······
<= mm······|MPa········|MPa········|MPa········|MPa········|MPa········|MPa········|MPa········
-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------
···········|67.1·······|33.6·······|12.9·······|···········|···········|···········|···········

Modulus of elasticity in dependence of the temperature:

Static modulus of elasticity in [kN/mm²] at the temperature of

-75···|-200··|-125··|25····|100···|150···|200···|250···|300···|350···|400···|450···|500···|550···
------+------+------+------+------+------+------+------+------+------+------+------+------+------
209···|216···|212···|202···|198···|195···|192···|189···|185···|179···|171···|162···|151···|137···

Coefficient of linear expansion:

Thermal coefficient of expansion between 20°C and

Density|100°C··|200°C··|300°C··|400°C··|500°C··|600°C··|700°C··|800°C··|Heat···|Heat···
(20 °C)|·······|·······|·······|·······|·······|·······|·······|·······|cond.··|capac.·
kg/dm³·|10E-6/K|10E-6/K|10E-6/K|10E-6/K|10E-6/K|10E-6/K|10E-6/K|10E-6/K|W/Km···|J/kgK··
-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------
7,85···|12,1···|12,7···|13,3···|13,8···|14,4···|-······|-······|-······|·······|·······

Lauterbach Verfahrenstechnik GmbH 15 27-Feb-2014