International Journal For Technological Research In Engineering

Volume 4, Issue 10, June-2017 ISSN (Online): 2347 - 4718

EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON EXPANSIVE SOIL WITH MARBLE

POWDER, STONE DUST AND FLY ASH
Prof. K. V. Madurwar1, Prof. S. N. Shinde2, Prof. N. B. Thikare3
1,2,3
Asst. Prof., Civil Engg. Dept., P.B.C.O.E., Nagpur, India

Abstract: Soil stabilization is required when the soil stabilization by waste marble dust is done due to their high
available for construction is not suitable for the particular lime (CaO) content. On the other hand, in the world, marble
use. In all the soils, expansive soils causing major problems production amount was 21.7 million tons in the year of 1986;
to the civil Engineering structures. Such soils are having However in 1998, this was increased to 51 million tons
high volumetric changes in dry and wet conditions. Soil (DPT, 2001). The proportion of marble discharged as waste
stabilization using chemical admixtures is the oldest and during block production at the quarries is equal to 40-60% of
most widespread method of ground improvement. The the overall production volume. Out of which only small
conventional soil stabilization techniques are generally portion of the waste marble and queries products is utilized
expensive, involving large quantities of costly materials. economically, most of them are stored on lands. Increasing
Due to shortage of energy, materials and also the high cost of usage fields of waste marble, quarry dust products will
of construction operation, there is a need to go for alternate eliminate the potentially harmful effects of them on
low cost materials. In this study, waste marble dust which is environment and minimize the cost due to storage. Many
the by-product of marble industry, waste stone dust which is research works have been done in the direction of utilizing of
the byproduct of stone queries and fly ash which is the marble dust waste into the soil stabilization technique in
waste product generated from the thermal power plant are worldwide. The influence of marble dust, fly-ash and Beas
used for the soil stabilization. Disposal of this waste creates sand on sub grade characteristics of expansive soil was
serious problems to the humans surrounding them as well studied by researchers. The marble powder was mixed with
as acts as a pollutant so affect the ecological system of the rice husk ash on expansive soil by researchers also. They
environment. So, in this paper decided to use the marble reported that UCS and CBR value increases due to addition
powder, stone dust and fly ash to improve the engineering of these materials and also modify the engineering
property of expansive soil, thus making it more stable and properties. The main aim is to improve the characteristics of
also to stabilize the soil with a very low cost material. The black-cotton soil by using additive. There was an
marble has very high lime (CaO) content and is reported by improvement in compaction and CBR characteristics.
many researchers, stone dust have strength and fly ash Several had reported that marble dust powder and stone dust
have very good adhesive property. We have added the and fly ash separately is effective waste material in the
marble, stone dust and fly ash powder to the expansive soil stabilization of expansive soil which improve the index and
as different proportions and studied the compaction engineering properties of soil.
characteristics and strength characteristics.
Keywords: Atterberg limit (LL and PL), Compaction (OMC II. MATERIALS
and MDD) A. Soil:
Soil was collected from Lihigaon near Kamptee in Nagpur
I. INTRODUCTION district. It is very near to Veena river bed. The degree of
In India, Expansive soil is found in major parts of expansiveness of the soil was very high. The soil properties
Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh and Andhra Pradesh. And it were listed in Table-1.There is need for improvement of this
covers 0.7X106 km² approximately 20-25 % land area. When type of soil due to development of infrastructural facility in
the expansive soil comes in the contact with water then they these areas.
causes swelling and when water content decreases shrinkage
occurs in the soil. In geotechnical engineering, soil TABLE I. PROPERTIES OF SOIL
stabilization or other methods are required when a given site Sr.
PROPERTIES IS CODE VALUE
does not have suitable engineering properties to support No
structures, roads and foundations. One technique is to adopt 1. Colour Black
the foundation based on geotechnical conditions at the site
location. Another technique is to improve the engineering Specific Gravity of IS 2720
2. 2.396
properties of the soils at the site location. Depending on the soil Part III
circumstances, this second technique may be the most Specific Gravity of
3. 2.78
economical for improving the soil and also this is achieved Marble powder
by mixing the soils with additives. Such materials include fly Degree of Very
4.
ash, stone dust, etc. Many researchers have reported that Expansiveness High
marble has very high lime (CaO) content up to 55 % by IS 2720
5. Atterberg limits
weight and fly ash has adhesive properties. Thus, Part V

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International Journal For Technological Research In Engineering
Volume 4, Issue 10, June-2017 ISSN (Online): 2347 - 4718

i Liquid limit 74.5% Magnesium oxide MgO 2.10

ii Plastic limit 41.25% PHYSICAL PROPERTIES VALUE
iii. Plasticity Index 33.25% Specific gravity 2.16
iv Shrinkage limit 13.2%
IS 2720 III. EXPERIMENTAL PROGRAM.
6. Free swell index 80% A. Objectives
Part XI
Compaction IS 2720 To stabilize and study the behavior of the soil using marble
7. characteristics Part VIII powder (Marble industry waste), stone dust (Quarry wastes)
i Optimum Moisture and fly ash (Power plant waste). To treat the soil with a low
22.94% cost material or industrial waste material. The following
Content
ii Maximum dry iterations were taken
1.44 g/cc
density
California Bearing IS 2720 TABLE III. % QUANTITY OF MATERIAL
8. 2.72
Ratio Part XVI Sr. No. Fly ash Stone dust Marble dust
Unconfined IS 2720 2.66
9. I 10% 10% 5%
Compressive Strength Part X kg/cm2
IS 2720
10. Grain size distribution II 10% 5% 10%
Part IV
i Gravel 1% III 5% 10% 10%
ii Sand 9%
90% B. Experiment details
iii Clay and silt
The following Soil Properties were studied by using various
percentages of materials.
B. Marble powder: a. Atterberg Limits
The marble powder was collected from marble cutting b. Proctor Compaction Test (OMC and MDD)
industry at Nagpur. Marble or real marble is a metamorphic
rock that consists predominantly of calcite and/or dolomite. IV. RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS
Marble may be considered as metamorphosed limestone (i.e. The summary of the comparative analysis of the influence of
limestone which has been fully re-crystallized and hardened Soil + Fly ash (10%) + Stone dust (10%) + Marble dust
under hydrothermal conditions). (5%), Soil + Fly ash (10%) + Stone dust (5%) + Marble dust
(10%), Soil + Fly ash (5%) + Stone dust (10%) + Marble
C. Stone dust: dust (10%) on the Index Properties of soil is given in table
The stone dust was collected from the quarry located on the below.
Umrer road in Nagpur. Properties of stone dust basically rely TABLE IV: INDEX PROPERTIES COMPARISON
upon the properties of the parent rock, such as chemical and
mineralogical arrangement, physical and substance steadiness,
petro graphic qualities, specific gravity, hardness, strength,
pore structures and color.

2.4 Fly Ash:

The fly ash was collected from the Koradi power plant,
Nagpur.
TABLE II. PROPERTIES OF FLY ASH
CHEMICAL PROPERTIES VALUE
Silicon dioxide Sio2 1.30
Aluminium oxide Al2O3 25.70
Ferric oxide Fe2O3 5.30
Calcium oxide CaO 5.60
Potassium oxide K2O 0.60
Sodium oxide Na2O 0.40
Magnesium oxide MgO 2.10
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES VALUE A. Atterberg Limits
Specific gravity 2.16 a. Liquid Limit & Plastic Limit:
Loss of ignition 0.90 Liquid limit and plastic limit decreased for soil on addition
Moisture 0.30 of all the ingredient admixtures. This indicates increment in
strength.

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International Journal For Technological Research In Engineering
Volume 4, Issue 10, June-2017 ISSN (Online): 2347 - 4718

Chart 4: comparison of free swell index

Chart 1: comparison of liquid limit
D. OMC & MDD:
OMC decreases and MDD increases with addition of 10%
B. Plasticity Index:
Fly Ash+10% Stone Dust+5% Marble Dust which shows
Decrease in plasticity index shows that the volume change
increase in strength. OMC increases and MDD Decreases
during wetting and drying is less. Here there is comparatively
when 10% Fly Ash+5% Stone Dust+10% Marble Dust is
decrease in plasticity index is higher.
added, shows a decrease in strength. OMC increases and
MDD increases minutely with addition of Soil+5% Fly
Ash+10% Stone Dust+10% Marble Dust which means mere
effect of proportion on soil.

Chart 2: comparison of plastic limit

Chart 5: comparison of OMC

Chart 3: comparison of plasticity index

C. Free Swell Index:

Free swell index decreases with the addition of three Chart 6: comparison of MDD
proportions i.e. Soil+5% Fly Ash+10% Stone Dust+10%
Marble Dust and Soil+10% Fly Ash+10% Stone Dust+5% V. CONCLUSION
Marble Dust whereas Free swell index Remain constant with This work was intended to evaluate the index properties of
the addition of Soil+10% Fly Ash+5% Stone Dust+10% local soil with addition of fly ash, stone dust and marble
Marble Dust. dust. The results of addition of fly ash, stone dust and marble
dust was studied by comparing various parameters of soil in
terms of Liquid Limit, Plastic Limit, Plasticity Index, Free

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International Journal For Technological Research In Engineering
Volume 4, Issue 10, June-2017 ISSN (Online): 2347 - 4718

Swell Index, OMC, MDD, values. Expansive Soil Treated With Quarry Dust,
The conclusions drawn from the study are:- International Journal of Engineering and Innovative
 From the study it has concluded that, by the addition Technology (IJEIT) Volume 4, Issue 10, April
of fly ash, stone dust and marble dust Liquid Limit, 2015, ISSN: 2277-3754 ISO 9001:2008
Plastic Limit and Plasticity Index decreases. [7] Kiran B. Biradar, V. K. Chakravarthi, U. Arun
 Free swell index decreases with the addition of fly Kumar(2014), Efficacy of Industrial waste
ash, stone dust and marble dust in two proportions admixture in Improving Engineering Performance
whereas Free swell index remains constant on the of Clayey soil – A quantitative study, American
addition of proportion containing less % of stone Journal of Engineering Research (AJER) e-ISSN :
dust. 2320-0847 p-ISSN : 2320-0936 Volume-3, Issue-9,
 OMC increases and MDD Decreases when 10% Fly pp-251-263
Ash + 5% Stone Dust + 10% Marble Dust is added [8] K. Suresh, V. Padmavathi and Apsar Sultana(2014),
whereas OMC decreases and MDD increases with Experimental Study On Stabilization Of Black
the addition of 10% Fly Ash + 10% Stone Dust + Cotton Soil With Stone Dust And Fibers, IGC 2009,
5% Marble Dust. Guntur, INDIA
 From the laboratory investigations conducted, fly [9] Gupta Chayan and Sharma Ravi Kumar(2014),
ash and stone dust showed more influence on the ―Influence of Marble Dust, Fly Ash and Beas Sand
soil rather than marble dust; but all the three of these on Sub-Grade Characteristics of Expansive Soil‖,
locally available waste materials can be used to Journal of Mechanical & Civil Engineering, pp. 13-
stabilize the local soil. 18.
 But the most effective proportions for the [10] Manjunath K R , Rohith L (2015), Effect Of Stone
stabilization of the expansive soil which can be used Dust On The Strength Characteristics Of Black
is Fly ash (10%) + Stone dust (10%) + Marble dust Cotton Soil Stabilized With Rice Husk Ash,
(5%). This proportion gives the best results . International Research Journal of Engineering and
Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395 -0056 Volume:
ACKNOWLEDGMENT 02 Issue: 06 | sept-2015 www.irjet.net p-ISSN:
Authors would like to thank the management of Priyadarshini 2395-0072
Bhagwati College of Engineering, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India [11] Monica Malhotra and Sanjeev Naval, Stabilization
for their support and motivation. of Expansive Soils Using Low Cost Materials,
International Journal of Engineering and Innovative
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