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Kashaf 20

1. Structuralism views meaning as coming from the structure and relationships between signs, with meaning determined by differences rather than any inherent quality. Post-structuralism critiques this by arguing meaning is not stable and is contextual. 2. Structuralism sees the signified as fixed, but post-structuralism argues the signified is not fixed and is affected by other related signs through processes like deferral. 3. Structuralism views the human self as transcending language to give meaning, whereas post-structuralism sees the self as constructed through discourse and language.

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157 views3 pages

Kashaf 20

1. Structuralism views meaning as coming from the structure and relationships between signs, with meaning determined by differences rather than any inherent quality. Post-structuralism critiques this by arguing meaning is not stable and is contextual. 2. Structuralism sees the signified as fixed, but post-structuralism argues the signified is not fixed and is affected by other related signs through processes like deferral. 3. Structuralism views the human self as transcending language to give meaning, whereas post-structuralism sees the self as constructed through discourse and language.

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soha
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Quizz#2

Department of English
Submitted by:
Hafiza Kashaf Arshad
Roll No.
17511502-092
Submitted to:
Dr Moazam ali malik
Course Title:
20th century titerary theory
QUIZ #2
Differences between structuralism and post structuralism:
structuralism:
It refer to the action and process of building or construction which means that how something made or put
to gather. The origin of this philosophy started through the thinking of the swiss linguist Ferdinand de
Saussure in 19th century. According to Saussure language is the system of signs that are arrange togather,
depend on each other and give meaning. He also uses the term “ parole” for abstract and deep structure
knowledge and “langue” for surface structure and physical form of words. According to structuralism
sign is composed of “ signifier” physical form of word and “signified” the concept of object. According
to structuralism we can’t give the meaning it is the structure that give meaning in relation to the other
structure.

Claims of structuralism:
Meaning comes from structure
Meaning comes on the principle of differences
Arbitrary relationship between signifier and signified
Form and meaning can’t be separeted
Signified is fixed because of associational relationship with other signified
Human self temporarily become transendential to give meaning.
Parole is analyzed through langue

Post structuralism:
It is the extention and critique of structuralism. The most influential names in this theory includes
Foucault and Derrida the later also give the theory of “Deconstruction”. This theory emphasizes that
nothing is outside from the text and meaning is present in the text rather then in the real world.

Claims of post structuralism


Meaning is not stable
Signified is not fixed
Human self is also a part of discourse
Also explain the process of signification
Meaning is contextual and affected by related words
Major differences between structuralism and post structuralism

Meaning
Structuralism believes that meaning come from structure on the principle of differences or through the
negation of other. For example day is what the night is not but post structuralism says that there is also a
process of “Deference” which means meaning is not present in one signifier it includes a process of
signification.

Signified is not fixed


In structuralism signified is fixed but in post structuralism signified is not fixed because every signified
has a traces of another signified. For example the signified day is not completely imagined without the
presences of night.

Self
Structuralism take human self temporarily transcendental while giving a meaning but later theory claims
that human self is also a construction of discourse so it can never be outside from the text or language.
Post structuralism explain it through a paradox of creten that shows how they 8nvolve in circularity.

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