Normal 

Values:
CBC

TEST NORMAL VALUES
Leukocyte (White Blood Cell) X1000 cells/mm³ (µL)
Birth 9.0-30.0
24 hours 9.4-34.0
1 month 5.0-19.5
1-3 years 6.0-17.5
4-7 years 5.5-15.5
8-13 years 4.5-13.5
Adult 4.5-11.0
Neutrophils Bands 3-5% (total WBC count)
Segs 54-62%
Lymphocytes 25-33%
Monocytes 3-7%
Eosinophils 1-3%
Basophils 0-0.75%
Erythrocytes (Red Blood Cells)
Cord 3.9-5.5 million/mm³
1-3 days 4.0-6.6 million/mm³
1 week 3.9-6.3 million/mm³
2 weeks 3.6-6.2 million/mm³
1 month 3.0-5.4 million/mm³
2 months 2.7-4.9 million/mm³
3-6 months 3.1-4.5 million/mm³
0.5-2 years 3.7-5.3 million/mm³
2-6 years 3.9-5.3 million/mm³
6-12 years 4.0-5.2 million/mm³
12-18 years (male) 4.5-5.3 million/mm³
12-18 years (female) 4.1-5.1 million/mm³
Hemoglobin
1-3 days 14.5-22.5 g/dL
2 months 9.0-14.0 g/dL
6-12 years 11.5-15.5 g/dL
12-18 years (male) 13.0-16.0 g/dL
12-18 (female) 12.0-16.0g/dL
Hematocrit
1 day 48-69%
2 days 48-75%
3 days 44-72%
2 months 28-42%
 6-12 years 35-45%
12-18 years (male) 37-49%
12-18 years (female) 36-46%
Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV)
1-3 days 95-121µm³
0.5-2 years 70-86 µm³
6-12 years 77-95 µm³
12-18 years (male) 78-98 µm³
12-18 years (female) 78-102 µm³
Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin (MCH)
Birth 31-37 pg/cell
1-3 days 31-37 pg/cell
1 week-1 month 28-40 pg/cell
2 months 26-34 pg/cell
3-6 months 25-35 pg/cell
0.5-2 years 23-31 pg/cell
2-6 years 24-30 pg/cell
6-12 years 25-33 pg/cell
12-18 years 25-35 pg/cell
Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin Concentration (MCHC)
Birth 30-36 g Hg/dL RBC
1-3 days 29-37 g Hg/dL RBC
1-2 weeks 28-38 g Hg/dL RBC
1-2 months 29-37 g Hg/dL RBC
3 months-2 years 30-36 g Hg/dL RBC
2-18 years 31-37 g Hg/dL RBC
Reticulocyte Count
Infants 2-5% of RBCs
Children 0.5-4% of RBCs
12-18 years (male) 0.5-1% of RBCs
12-18 years (female) 0.5-2.5% of RBCs
Platelet Count
Birth-1 week 84,000-478,000/mm³
Thereafter 150,000-400,000/mm³
ERYTHROCYTE SEDIMENTATION RATE (ESR)
TEST NORMAL VALUE
Westergren
Child 0-10 mm/hour
Adult (male) 0-15 mm/hour
Adult (female) 0-20 mm/hour
Wintrobe
Child 0-13 mm/hour
 Adult (male) 0-9 mm/hour
Adult (female) 0-20 mm/hour

Urinalysis

TEST NORMAL VALUES
Color Pale yellow to amber
Turbidity Clear to slightly hazy
Specific Gravity 1.015-1.025
pH 4.5-8.0
Glucose Negative
Ketones Negative
Blood Negative
Protein Negative
Bilirubin Negative
Urobilinogen 0.1-1.0
Nitrate for Bacteria Negative
Leukocyte Esterase Negative
Casts Occasional hyaline casts
Red Blood Cells Negative or rare
Crytals Acid Urine:
Amorphous urates
Uric acid
Calcium oxalate
Sodium acid Urates
Alkaline Urine
Amorphous phosphates
Calcium phosphate
Ammonium blurate
Triple phosphates
Calcium carbonate

White Blood Cells Negative or rare

Epithelial Cells Few

 Fecalysis

Result Normal Findings Interpretation

Color brown brown Normal
Consistency watery soft and bulky, small and dry, depending on the diet
Muscle fiber few
Pus cells 6-8 None Infection
Bacteria +++ None Infection
Red cells 0-3
Creatinine 0.8 0.5-1.7 Normal
Sodium 137.5 135-148 Normal
Potassium 3.06 3.5-5.3 Low potassium

Abbreviations

a artery, before a.c. before meals (ante ad lib as desired

sebum)
aa equal part of each adm. admission
Ac acute
AA affected area AE above elbow
AC anterior chamber
AAA abdominal aortic AEA above elbow
aneurysm acc accident amputation

A2 aortic second sound accom. accommodation AF atrial fibrillation,

afebrile
AAL acute lymphoblastic, acid phos. acid phosphate
leukemia,anterior AFB acid fast bacilli
ACL anterior cruciate
axillary line ligament AFO ankle-foot orthosis

ab antibody ACTH AFP alpha fetoprotein

adrenocorticotrophic
AB abortion A/G albumin globulin ratio
hormone
(blood)
abd abdomen
AD right ear
AGA appropriate
ABG arterial blood gasses
add. abductor or gestational age
ABN abnormal abduction
AI aortic insufficiency
ABP arterial blood ADH antidiruetic hormone
AIDS acquired
pressure
ADL activites of daily living immunodeficiency
abs absent syndrome
AJ ankle jerk anes. anesthesia ARD acute respiratory
distress
a.k. above knee ann. fib. annulus fibrosis
ARDS adult respiratory
aka alcoholic ketoacidosis ANS autonomic nervous
distress syndrome
system
AKA above knee
ARF acute respiratory
amputation ant. anterior
failure, acute rheumatic
alb. albumin ante before
fever
alc. alcohol ANUG acute necrotizing
AROM artificial rupture of
ulcerative gingivitis
alk. phos. alkaline membranes
phosphate Anxty anxiety
art arterial
ALL acute lymphocytic A/O alert and oriented
AS left ear,aortic stenosis
leukemia
AOB alcohol on breath
ASA acetylsalicylic acid,
ALS amyotrophic lateral
AODM adult onset aspirin
sclerosis
diabetes mellitus
A.S.A. American Society of
ALT alternating with,
AP ante partum Anesthesiologists
alanine aminotransferase
A&P auscultation and A.S.A. 1 normal healthy
(formerly SGPT)
percussion patient
AMA against medical
A-P anteroposterior A.S.A. 2 patient with mild
advice
systemic disease
APC atrial premature
amb. ambulating,
contractions A.S.A. 3 patient with
ambulatory
severe systemic disease
aph aphasia
AMI acute myocardial
A.S.A. 4 patient with
infarction A-P & lat anteroposterior incapacitating systemic
and lateral disease that is constant
AML acute myeloid
leukemia threat to life
AP resection abdominal
perineal resection of the ASAP as soon as possible
amnio amniocentesis
rectum
amp. amputation, ampule ASCVD atherosclerotic
aq. water cardiovascular disease
ANA antinuclear antibody
AR aortic regurgitation ASD atrial septal defect
ASHD arteriosclerotic BBT basal body BK below knee
heart disease temperature
BKA below knee
at. Flutter atrial flutter BCA basal cell atypia amputation

ATN acute tubular BCD basal cell dysplasia bl cult blood culture
necrosis
BCE basal cell epithelioma bld. blood
ATNR asymmetrical tonic
BCG bacillus Calmette- Bl.T bleeding time
neck reflex
Guerin
BM black male, bone
AU both ears
vaccine (tuberculosis marrow,
aud. auditory
vaccine) bowel movement
Aur. Fib auricular
BDC burn dressing change BMR basal metabolic rate
fibrillation
BE below elbow, barium body wt. body weight
A-V arteriovenous
enema
BOMA otitis media, both
AVF arteriovenous fistula
BEA below elbow ears,acute
AVR aortic valve amputation
BOW bag of water
replacement
BFP biological false
BP blood pressure
A&W alive and well positive
BPD bronchopulmonary
Ax. axilla, axillary Bic. biceps
dysplasia
A.Z. Ascheim-Zondek test b.i.d. twice daily
BPH benign prostatic
B. bath BIH bilateral inguinal hypertrophy
hernia
BA barium BPM beats per minute
bilat. Bilateral, bilaterally
Bab. Babinski sign Br. breech presentation
bili bilirubin
Ba.E barium enema BR bedrest, bathroom
b.i.n. twice a night
Bas. basal,basilar brach. brachial
BiW twice weekly
baso basophile BrBx. breast biopsy
BJ biceps reflex
BBB bundle branch block broncho bronchoscopy
bk. back
BRP bathroom privileges
BS blood sugar, bowel CABG coronary artery CC chief complaint
sounds bypass graft
CCU coronary care unit
B.S. breath sounds CAD coronary artery
CD cardiac disease,
disease
BSA body surface area contagious disease
CAHD coronary
BSB bedside bag CEA carcinoembryonic
atherosclerotic heart
antigen
BSC bedside commode disease
Cerv. cervix, cervical
BSD bedside drainage Cal calorie, calories
CF cardiac failure, cystic
BSO bilateral CAPD continuous
fibrosis
salpingooophorectomy ambulatory peritoneal
dialysis CHD congenital heart
BST blood serologic test
disease, coronary heart
Caps capsules
BT bleeding time
disease
car. carotid
BTL bilateral tubal ligation
Chem. chemotherapy
card. cardiac
BUN blood urea nitrogen
CHF congestive heart
Card Cath cardiac
BW birth weight failure
catheterization
Bx. Biopsy CHO carbohydrate
CAT computerized axial
c. with Chol cholesterol
tomography
C cervical, Caucasian Chr chronic
cath catheterization,
catheter C.I color index
C. centigrade, Celsius
complement CB Cesarean birth CI cardiac insufficiency,
CI-XII 1st to 12th cranial cardiac index
CBC complete blood count
nerve
CIS carcinoma in situ
CBD common bile duct
C-1 to C-7 cervical
CK creatinine kinase
vertebrae CBF cerebral blood flow
Cl chlorine, chloride
Ca calcium CBG capillary blood gas
Clav. clavicle
CA carcinoma, cancer CBR complete bed rest
cldy cloudy
cc. cubic centimeter
CLL chronic lymphocytic airway pressure angle
leukemia
CPC clinicopathological CVL central venous line
Cl.T clotting time conference
CVP central venous
cm. centimeter CPD cephalo-pelvic pressure
disproportion
CML chronic myeloid CVS cardiovascular system
leukemia CPK creatinine
Cx cervix, culture
phosphokinase
CMV cytomegalovirus
CxR chest x-ray
CPPB continuous positive
CN cranial nerve
Cysto cystoscopy
pressure breathing
CNS central nervous
DAP distal airway pressure
system CPR cardiopulmonary
resuscitation db. decibel
cnst. constipation
CPT chest physical therapy DBE deep breathing
c/o complains of,
exercise
complaints CR closed reduction
d/c discontinue
Co2 carbon dioxide cran. cranial
DC discharges, discontinue
comb. combine, CRD chronic respiratory
combination disease D&C dilation and
curettage
comm. communicable creat. creatinine
DD discharge diagnosis
comp. compound, CRF chronic renal failure
compress D/DW dextrose, distilled
C/S, CS Cesarean section
water
conc. concentrated
C&S culture and sensitivity
DDx differential diagnosis
cons. consultation
CSF cerebrospinal fluid
D&E dilation and
cont. contractions,
C-spine cervical spine evacuation
continued
CT computed axial decr. decreased
COPD chronic obstructive
tomography
dehyd. dehydrated
pulmonary disease
C-V cardiovascular
Derm. Dermatology
Cor heart
CVA cerebrovascular
DES Diethylstilbestrol
CPAP continuous positive accident, costovertebral
D5RL 5% dextrose and DLE disseminated lupus D/W dextrose in water
lactated ringers erythematosis
Dx diagnosis
D5W 5% dextrose and D/L DI decilter
e without
sterile water
DM diabetes mellitus,
EBL estimated blood loss
DI diabetes insipidus, diastolic murmur
diagnostic imaging EBV Epstein-Barr virus
DNA deoxyribonucleic acid
DIAG. diagnosis ECF extended care facility,
DNKA did not keep
extracellular fluid
diam. diameter appointment
ECG electrocardiogram
DIC disseminated DOA dead on arrival
intravascular ECHO
DOB date of birth
coagulation,disseminated enterocytopathogenic
coagulopathy DOE dyspnea on exertion human orphan virus
diff. differential Dors dorsal E.coli Escherichia coli
dil. dilute D.P. dorsal pedia ECS endocervical scrape
dim. diminished DPT diphtheria, pertussis, ECT electroconvulsive
tetanus vaccine
DIP distal interphalangeal ED emergency department
(joint) DR delivery room
EDC estimated date of
dis. disease D&R dilation and radium confinement
implant
disch. discharge EDOD estimated date of
drsg. dressing delivery
disp. disposition
D/S discharge summary EEG
dist. distilled, distal
electroencephalogram
DTR deep tendon reflexes
DIU death in utero
EENT eyes, ears, nose,
DT’s delirium tremens
div. divorced throat
DU duodenal ulcer
DJD degenerative joint EEX electrodiagnosis
disease DUB dysfunctional uterine
EGA estimated gestational
bleeding
DKA diabetic ketoacidosis age
DUI driving under
influence
EGD esophago- EST electroshock therapy FEKG fetal
gastroduodenoscopy electrocardiogram
ETIOL. etiology
EKG electrocardiogram fem. femoral
ETOH ethanol
elev. elevated fem. pop. femoral
EUA examine under
popliteal
ELF elective low forceps anesthesia
fet. fetal
EmBx endometrial biopsy EVAL evaluation
FEV forced expiratory
EMG electromyogram ex. exercise, example
volume
EMS endometrial scrape, expir expiration,
f.f. force fluid
emergency medical expiratory
FFP fresh frozen plasma
service Exp. Lap exploratory
laparotomy fh fundal height
En. enema
ext. extremities, external FH family history, fetal
ENT ears, nose, throat
heart
ext. gen. external genitalia
Eoc. eosinophiles
FHR fetal heart rate
F finger, female,
EOM extraocular
Fahrenheit FHR-UC fetal heart rate-
movement
uterine contraction
FA fluorescent antibody
Epis. episiotomy
FHT fetal heart tones
F.A. first aid
Epis.LML left mediolateral
FiO2 faction of inspired
episiotomy F.B. foreign body
oxygen concentration
Epis. Med. medial FBS fasting blood sugar
fl. fluids
episiotomy
FD fully dilated
flac. flaccid
Epis. RML right
FDA Food and Drug
mediolateral episiotomy flex. flexor, flexion
Administration
ERCP endoscopic fl. oz. fluid ounce
FDP flexor digitorum
retrograde
profundus FM finger movement
cholangiopancreatography
Fe def. iron deficiency FPAL full term premature
ESR erythrocyte
abortion living
sedimentation rate FEF forced expiratory flow
fract. fractional
FRC functional residual gen, genl. general h hour
capacity
gest. gestation H hydrogen history, hour,
FS finger stick hypodermic
GFR glomerulo filtration
FSH follicle stimulating rate H/A headache
hormone
G.H. growth hormone HAF hyperalimentation
FT full term fluid
G.I. gastrointestinal
FTD failure to descend HASCVD hypertensive
gluc glucose
arteriosclerotic
FTND full term normal
gm gram cardiovascular disease
delivery
Gm+ gram positive Hb., Hgb hemoglobin
FTT failure to thrive
Gm- gram negative HB heart block
FUB functional uterine
bleeding gm.% grams per 100 c.c. HBP high blood pressure

F/U,F-U,F.U. follow-up GMA grand mal attack HC head circumference

FUO fever of unknown GNC general nursing care H&C hot and cold
origin
GP General Practitioner, HCG human chorionic
FVC forced vital capacity general paralysis gonadotropin

FW fetal weight gr. grain, grains (dosage) HCO3 bicarbonate

Fx fracture Grav. pregnancy Hct. hematocrit

G gravida gt. drop HCVD hypertensive

cardiovascular disease
G.A. general anesthesia Gt.tr. gait training
h.d. at bedtime
GB gallbladder gtts. drops
Hd head, Hodgkin’s
GBS gallbladder series GSW gunshot wound disease
G.C. gonococcus GTT glucose tolerance test HDl high density lipids
GCS Glasgow Coma Scale GU genitourinary HEENT head, eyes, ears,
GE Gastroenterology nose, throat
G/W glucose and water
G/E gastroenteritis hern. hernia
GYN Gynecology
Hem Hematology H.O. house officer

Hem Pro hematology HOB head of bed

profile
horiz. horizontal
Hep. Lock Heparin lock
H&P history and physical
HGO hepatic glucose
hpf high power field
output
HPI history of present
HH hard of hearing
illness
HIDA(scan) hepatobiliary
HPL human placental
scan
lactogen
HIE hypoxic ischemic
HR heart rate
encephalopathy
H.R.S.T. heat, reddening,
hist. history, histology
swelling,tenderness
HIV human
HS bedtime
immunodificiency virus
HSG
HKAFO hip knee ankle foot
hysterosalpingography
orthosis
H2O water
HLA human leukocyte
group A,histocompatibility H2O2 hydrogen peroxide
leukocyte focus
Ht height, heart
HM hand movement
HVD hypertensive vascular
HMD hyaline membrane disease
disease
Hx history
HMG human menopausal
Hyperal. hyperalimenation
gonadotropin
Hz hertz (cycles/second)
HNP herniated nucleus

pulposus

h/o history of