PAPER PRESENTATION
ON
WiMAX
( The Next Frontier BroadBand Wireless)
all By
mallesh
ABSTRACT: Blue tooth wireless technology is a low
power, short-range technology for ‘ad
A wireless revolution is hoc’ cable replacement and it enables
seeping into our daily lives never before. people to wirelessly combine devices
Sooner or later we are all going to go wherever they bring them. Due to the
wireless. Broadband Wireless Access short-range limitations of Blue tooth, the
has occupied a niche in the market for recent emergence of Wifi has replaced it.
about a decade. The recently developed Wifi popularly known as 802.11 is a
moderate–range, moderate–speed Access (WiMAX). Its purpose is to
technology based on Ethernet. It allows ensure that the broadband wireless
people to wirelessly access throughout a radios manufactured for customer use
location. Although the technologies interoperate from vendor to vendor.
share a 2.4GHz band, they have WiMax is a new standard being
potentially overlapping applications. As developed by the IEEE that focuses on
more and more people use Wifi, more solving the problems of point to
and more people are getting frustrated multipoint broadband outdoor wireless
with its coverage limitations. The networks. It has several possible
demand for more coverage has opened a applications, including last mile
door for WiMax. WiMax built on IEEE connectivity for homes and businesses
802.16 standards is a wireless and backhaul for wireless hot spots.
technology that provides high While WiMax has historically lacked the
throughput broadband connections over grass roots popularity of its popular
long distances .Due to its high security, cousin, WiFi, and is the standard for
robustness and mainly huge data rates is wireless metropolitan area networks
soon to replace/support existing wireless (WMANs).
access technologies like Wifi, Bluetooth, It has gained significant traction from
etc and thus believed to be the next the high profile support it has received
generation of wireless access from the likes of Intel, Dell, Motorola,
technology. When commercially Fujitsu and other big name corporations.
available, Wimax will offer fixed, It represents the next generation of
nomadic and mobile wireless broadband wireless networking. Intel has called it
connectivity without needing direct line- as a technology that will enable up to 5
of-sight access to a base station. billion people to be connected over time.
INTRODUCTION :
WiMAX is a coined term or
acronym meaning Worldwide
Interoperability For Microwave
from 10GHz to 66GHz. The 802.16a
specification, which is an extension of
The first WiMax Chip
IEEE802.16, covers bands in the 2GHz-
WiMAX is both faster and has a longer to-11GHz range. WiMAX has a range of
range than Wi-Fi. However, WiMAX up to 30 miles with a typical cell radius
does not necessarily conflict with Wi-Fi, of 4–6 miles.
but is designed to co-exist with it and
may indeed complement it. This
complementarity to Wi-Fi also extends
to all flavors of wired ethernet (IEEE
802.3), token ring (IEEE 802.5) and
non-IEEE Standards.
Behind WiMAX is the acceleration of
TECHNICAL DETAILS : radio technology in order to bridge
greater distances. WiMAX's channel
• Range - 30-mile (50-km) radius from sizes range from 1.5 to 20MHz as well,
base station. and offer a WiMAX-based network the
• Speed - 70 megabits per second. flexibility to support a variety of data
• Line-of-sight not needed between user transmitting rates such as T1 (1.5Mbps)
and base station. and higher data transmitting rates of up
to 70Mbps on a single channel that can
• Frequency bands - 2 to 11 GHz and 10
support thousands of users. This
to 66 GHz (licensed and unlicensed
flexibility allows WiMAX to adapt to
bands).
the available spectrum and channel
• Defines both the MAC and PHY
widths in different countries or licensed
layers and allows multiple PHYlayer
to different service providers. “ Wireless
specifications.
Into The Network: WiMAX ”.
WiMAX covers a couple of different
frequency ranges. Basically, the IEEE WiMAX WORKING :
802.16 standard addresses frequencies
In practical terms, WiMAX WiMAX to provide coverage to remote
would operate similar to WiFi but at rural areas.
higher speeds, over greater distances and
for a greater number of users. WiMAX
could potentially erase the suburban and
rural blackout areas that currently have
no broadband Internet access because
phone and cable companies have not yet
Broad band with WiMAX
run the necessary wires to those remote
locations. WiMAX actually can provide two
forms of wireless service:
• There is the non-line-of-sight, where
a small antenna on your
A WiMAX system consists of two computerconnects to the tower. In this
parts:
• A WiMAX tower - a single WiMAX mode, WiMAX uses a lower frequency
tower can provide coverage to a very range 2 GHz to 11GHz. Lower
large area as big as 3,000 square miles wavelength transmissions are not as
(~8,000 square km). easily disrupted by physical
obstructions, they are better able to
• A WiMAX receiver - The receiver
diffract, or bend, around obstacles.
and antenna could be a small box or
PCMCIA card or they could be built into
• There is line-of-sight service, where a
a laptop the way WiFi access is today. fixed dish antenna points straight at the
A WiMAX tower station can connect WiMAX tower from a rooftop or pole.
directly to the Internet using a high The line-of-sight connection is stronger
bandwidth wired connection. It can also and more stable, so it's able to send a lot
connect to another WiMAX tower using of data with fewer errors. Line-of sight
a line-of-sight, microwave link. This transmissions use higher frequencies,
connection to a backhaul, along with with ranges reaching a possible 66 GHz.
the ability of a single tower to cover up At higher frequencies, there is less
to 3,000 square miles, is what allows interference and lots more bandwidth.
WiFi-style access will be limited to a 4-
to-6 mile radius. Through the stronger
parame Wi Wi
ters Fi MAX
line-of -sight antennas, the WiMAX
transmitting station would send data to Speed 54 70M
WiMAX-enabled computers or routers Mbps bps
set up within the transmitter's 30- mile
Mobili Fixed, Fixed,
radius. The fastest WiMAX handles up ty Noma Noma
to 70 megabits per second, which, dic, dic,
according to WiMAX proponents, is Portab Portab
le le,
enough bandwidth to simultaneously
Mobile
support more than 60 businesses with
T1-type connectivity and well over a
Range Less than Greater
thousand homes at 1Mbit/s DSL-level
100m than
connectivity. 3km
COMPARISON Freque 2.4G 3.3-3.8GHz
BETWEEN WiFi & ncy Hz & 5.7-
WiMAX : 5.8GH
z
Band Unlice Unlicen
nsed sed
The biggest difference isn't speed, its
distance. WiMAX outdistances WiFi by
miles. WiFi's range is about 100 feet.
WiMAX will blanket a radius of 30
miles (50 km) with wireless access. The
increased range is due to the frequencies
used and the power of the transmitter. Of
course, at that distance, terrain, weather
and large buildings will act to reduce the
maximum range in some circumstances,
but the potential is there to cover huge APPLICATIONS :
tracts of land.
1. Intel announced that it has begun
sending WiMax chipsets to equipment
SIMILARTECHNOLOGIES
manufacturers, which are planning to
ship products to customers.
:
2. WiMax is the long-awaited industry
Unlike earlier BroadBand standard. If WiMax lives up to its
wireless access (BWA) iterations promise, it could solve the dilemma of
WiMAX is highly standardized which delivering zippy, Internet connections in
should reduce costs. However, since areas where the cost of running cables to
Chipsets are custombuilt for each homes and offices is prohibitively
broadband wireless access manufacturer, expensive.
this adds time and cost to the process of WiMax access points are
bringing a product to market, and this expected to start between $250 and $550
won't be changed by WiMAX. and fall gradually over time, with Intel
WiMAX'sequivale estimating the cost approaching $50 by
nt or competitor in Europe is 2008. That would be cheap enough to
HIPERMAN. WiMAX Forum, the include it in laptops, cell phones and
consortium behind the standardization, is other consumer gadgetry, which could
working on methods to make 802.16 and support streaming video and voice over
HIPERMAN interoperate seamlessly. Internet Protocol, or VoIP.
Products developed by the WiMAX 3.The big name corporations have
Forum members need to comply to pass alreadly comeup with a WiMax base
the certification process. Korea's station and WiMax access point(Fig a)
telecoms industry has developed its own for exterior use.
standard, WiBro. In late 2004, Intel and WiMax base
station Redline
LG Electronics have agreed on Communication’s
WiMax access point
interoperability between WiBro and
WiMAX.
4. WiMax is being developed on WiFi’s
Virtual Guides, GPS PDAs and Audio
Beam forming
5. WiMax has more on Embedded MP-3
BASE STATION
virtual tours, Solar Powered WiFi,
Mobile Hotspot, WiFi Pedicabs and the According to WiMAX promoters, a
Internet Rickshaw. WiMAX base station would beam high-
speed Internet connections to homes and
6. Ensuring Bright businesses in a radius of up to 50 km,
these base stations will eventually cover
Future:
an entire metropolitan area, making that
Early products are likely to be area into a WMAN and allowing true
aimed at network service providers and wireless mobility within it, as opposed to
businesses, not consumers. It has the hot-spot hopping required by Wi-Fi
potential to enable millions more to
access the Internet wirelessly, cheaply
.
and easily. Proponents say that WiMAX
wireless coverage will be measured in
square kilometers while that of Wi-Fi is
measured in square meters.
Broadband cable\DSL
Its proponents are hoping that the
technology will eventually be used in
notebook computers and PDAs.
According to industry estimates ,this
technology would initially be used by
broadband cable/DSL providers. With
futher improvement ,it would allow
users to access the internet in a truly
roaming environment.
WiMax will be driven by demand
from the network providers themselves,
and telecom providers also. A grid of a to make their mark. The extent to which
relatively small number of WiMax base WiMax will impact our lives only
stations can even connect an entire city. depends on the limits of human
Since WiMax supports several ingenuinity. It can rightly be said that
communication protocols, this network WiMax is slowly but steadily ushering in
can serve as the backbone for both an the next revolution. Though the
ISP, and a telecom provider, without the technology is still under standardisation
need for digging up roads. Lines process for use in chipsets, antenna and
between telecom and internet services other devices, the WiMax forum expects
are blurred already, with the companies it to be a killer.
offering both services. Once WiMax REFERENCES :
equipment becomes more readily
available and affordable, ISPs will be 1. Information Technology magazine
able to offer WiMax services directly to 2. www.google.com
consumers. If WiMax chipsets can be 3. www.houstuffworks.com
embedded in mobile devices(cell phones 4. IEEE magazines
and PDAs) soon, WiMax might land
up replacing every other wireless
technology.
CONCLUSION :
WiMax with all it’s challenges
and opportunities is an unavoidable part
of our future. WiMax has the potential to
be a true business enabler. The
possibilities with this technology are
immense and numerous. It will lead to
great advances of commercial Field. The
researchers are filled with optimism, and
based on this technology are beginning
