OUTLINE
II. INTRODUCTION TO PERSONAL PROTECTIVE
EQUIPMENT
I. Proper Handwashing
a. Handwashing
b. Procedure for Handwashing ● Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) is designed to protect
II. Introduction to Personal Protective Equipment health care providers in health care settings from exposure
a. Materials to potentially infectious materials
b. Preparation ● Always perform hand hygiene immediately before donning
III. Personal Protective Equipment and after removing PPE
a. Types of PPE Used in Healthcare Setting
b. Laboratory Gowns 2.a Materials
c. Mask
d. Goggles ● Laboratory Gown
e. Natural (Latex) Rubber Gloves ● Sterile Gloves
IV. Locating Proper Site and Anchoring Veins in ● Eyewear/Goggles
Venipuncture ● Mask
a. Introduction ● Hair cap or Hairnet
b. Procedure
2.b Preparation
I. PROPER HANDWASHING ● Assemble equipment and supplies
● Remove or secure all loose items such as name tags or
jewelry
1.a Handwashing ● Perform handwashing
● Simplest, most important
● Prevent spread of infection III. PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT
● Protects the patients and healthcare workers
3.a Types of PPE Used in Healthcare Setting
Materials for Handwashing
● Liquid soap in pump container
● Disposable paper towel ● Gloves – protects hands
● Trash Can ● Gowns/Aprons – protects skin and/or clothing
● Masks and Respirators – protect mouth/nose
○ Respirator - protect respiratory tract from
1.a Procedure for Handwashing
airborne infectious agents
● Goggles – protect eyes
1. Remove all rings, watches , and other accessories to prevent
● Face Shields – protect face, mouth, nose and eyes
them from harboring microorganisms.
2. Stand back so that you do not touch the sink
3. Turn on the faucet and wet hands under warm running 3.b Laboratory Gowns
water.
4. Apply soap and work up a lather Fluid-Resistant Gown
5. Rub palm to palm ● Apply to protective clothing tested against water as the liquid
6. Rub palm to palm with fingers interlaced with the palm of the challenge
other hand.
7. Rub with the back of fingers to opposing palms with fingers Impermeable Gown
interlocked ● Materials that have demonstrated blockage of
8. Sweep hand from fingers to the thumb microorganisms using a recognized standard test method
9. Rub tips of fingers in the opposite palm in a circular motion.
10. Rub each wrist with the opposite hand 3.c Mask
11. Rinse hand in a downward motion from wrist to fingertips (or
pwede din fingertips to wrist) ● Mask – term that applies collectively to items used to cover
12. Use the elbow to turn off tap water. the nose and mouth and includes both procedure masks and
surgical masks
NOTE: Clean paper towel can be used to turn off tap water.
Procedure Mask
13. Wipe each hand with a separate disposable paper towel. ● A covering for the nose and mouth that is intended for use in
Discard wet paper towels into the waste can. general patient care situations.
14. Leave the area clean and neat. ● generally attach to face with ear loops rather than ties or
elastic
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2nd Sem (A.Y. 2020-2021) | MJCP | KMP
NOTE:
✓ When the colored portion of the mask is exposed, you are 2.d Natural (Latex) Rubber Gloves
protecting yourself from infection.
✓ If the white portion is the one exposed then that means that Natural (Latex) Rubber Gloves
you are protecting others from being infected because you ● They feature outstanding tensile strength, elasticity and
might be a carrier of a disease. temperature resistance
● Latex gloves have caused allergic reactions in some
individuals and may not be appropriate for all employees
PROPER WAY OF WEARING SURGICAL MASK ● Hypoallergenic gloves, glove liners and powderless gloves
are possible alternatives for workers who are allergic to latex
gloves
GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS:
✓ Keep hands away from face
✓ Limit surfaces touched
✓ Change when torn or heavily contaminated
✓ Work from clean to dirty
GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS (DOFFING):
How to know if you’re wearing the mask correctly? ✓ Remove all PPE before exiting the patient room except a
● The metal nose piece is at the top respirator, if worn
● The white, or smoothest side, is the inside against the ✓ Perform Hand Hygiene between steps if hands become
wearer’s skin; the color always faces out contaminated and immediately after removing all PPE
● The pleats fall downwards and away from the nose (called a
“waterfall” pleat) Doffing of Gloves:
● Outside of gloves are contaminated:
Donning of Face Mask ○ If your hands get contaminated during glove
● Secure ties or elastic bands at middle of head and neck removal, immediately wash your hands or use
● Fit flexible band to nose bridge alcohol-based hand sanitizer
● Fit snug to face and below chin ● Using a gloved hand, grasp the palm area of the other
● Fit-check respirator gloved hand and peel off the first glove
● Hold removed glove in gloved hand
Doffing of Face Mask ● Slide fingers of ungloved hand under remaining glove at
● Front of the mask/respirator is contaminated – DO NOT wrist and peel off second glover over first glove
TOUCH! ● Discard gloves in a waste container
● If your hands get contaminated during mask/respirator, then
the ones at the top, and remove without touching the front
● Discard in a waste container III. LOCATING PROPER SITE AND ANCHORING VEINS IN
VENIPUNCTURE
3.d Goggles
3.a Introduction
Goggles
● These are tight-fitting eye protection that completely cover
● Venipuncture is the process of accessing intravenous flow
the eyes, eye sockets and facial area immediately
for the purpose of therapy or obtaining venous blood for
surrounding the eyes and provide protection from impact,
sampling.
dust and splashes
○ It is vital to follow standard procedure for blood
collection to get accurate laboratory results
Donning of Face Shield
○ For us medtech, we collect blood for sampling
● Place over the face and eyes and adjust to fit
through venipuncture
● Anti-fog feature improves clarity ○ Veni = vein
○ Puncture = prick/tusok in order to draw blood
Doffing Goggles or Face Shield
● Outside of goggles or face shields are contaminated
● Locating a proper site for venipuncture is crucial in collection
● If your hands get contaminated during goggle or face shield of blood as it may also affect the outcome of certain
removal, immediately wash your hands or use an
laboratory tests
alcohol-based sanitizer ● Any kind of error in collection of blood may lead to erroneous
● Remove goggles or face shield from the back by lifting
laboratory results
headband or ear pieces ○ Ang purpose natin kung bakit tayo gumagawa ng
● If the item is reusable, place it in a designated receptacle for
mga test is for us to help the pathologist in
reprocessing. Otherwise, discard in a waste container
establishing the proper or the correct diagnosis for
our patients
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2nd Sem (A.Y. 2020-2021) | MJCP | KMP
○ If we release erroneous laboratory results, there 10. Using your index fingertip, palpate the vein
will be an error or a mistake in establishing the
proper diagnosis for the patient, as a result, the 11. Using the thumb of your non-dominant hand, pull the skin
doctor could give the wrong medication taut 2 inches below the insertion site to anchor the vein and
keep it from rolling.
Materials
● Face mask 12. Select the suitable vein for blood extraction.
● Sterile Gloves
● Torniquete
4.b Procedure
1. Sanitize your hands with soap and water or 70% alcohol.
○ Remember to wear appropriate PPE
2. Extend the arm and position it for venipuncture.
○ Support the arm on a firm surface and make sure
that the arm is in a downward position.
3. Ask the patient to make a fist.
○ Ensure patients do not pump the hand open and
close.
4. Apply tourniquet:
1. Place the tourniquet around the arm 3-4 inches
above the intended venipuncture site.
2. Grasp one side of the tourniquet in each hand a
few inches from the end.
3. Apply a small amount of tension and maintain it
throughout the process.
5. Bring the two sides together and grasp them both between
the thumb and forefinger of the right hand.
6. Reach over the right hand and grasp the right side of the
tourniquet between the thumb and forefinger of the left hand
and release it from the grip of the right hand.
7. Cross the left end over the right end near the left index
finger, grasping both sides together between the thumb and
forefinger of the left hand, close to the patient’s arm.
8. While securely grasping both sides, use either the left middle
finger or the right index finger to tuck a portion of the left side
under the right side and pull it into a loop.
9. A properly tied tourniquet with the ends pointing toward the
shoulder.
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2nd Sem (A.Y. 2020-2021) | MJCP | KMP
