CHAPTER II
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
This chapter describes the research methodology that was used in the
study. This pertains to the research design—the overall strategy that you choose to
integrate the different components of the study, research procedure—the processes
involved in identifying and developing a topic for research investigation, research
instrument—measurement tools designed to obtain data on a topic of interest from
research subjects, data gathering procedure—the procedure of collecting, measuring
and analyzing accurate insights for research using standard validated techniques, and
the statistical tool.
Research Design
According to Adi Bhat, research design is defined as a framework of
methods and techniques chosen by a researcher to combine various components of
research in a reasonably logical manner so that the research problem is efficiently
handled.
The research design used in this study is predominantly comparative
experimental research design. Comparative experimental research design is
characterized by the manipulation of an independent variable to measure and explain its
influence on a dependent variable. The method of this research is highly similar to
experimental research but only differ from not having a controlled group.
In this study, the researcher analyzes the similarities and the differences
between x Citrofortunella microcarpa (Calamansi) and Citrus x limon (Lemon) and it
compares the result of the experiment from each variables in an attempt to better
understand which of the two citrus fruits can be more effective and efficient to use as an
antibacterial in our skin.
Research Procedure
Squeezing the Comparison of
Preparation of Lemon and Two Citrus
Calamansi to have Fruit Extracts
Materials fruit extracts
Discussion and
Formulation of Data Analysis Data Gathering
Conclusion
Research Instrument
The research instrument used in this study is experimental. This type of
research instrument takes place in pure and applied science research. Here, the
researchers carry out some experiments in the laboratory setting in order to test some
reactions that may take place in the object of research.
Experimentation was made by the researchers to know the antibacterial
properties of Calamansi and Lemon. The researchers extracted the juices of both
Calamansi and Lemon then applied it to a skin. Observation takes place on the skin, by
using a microscope, and compared which of the two have the better antibacterial
property in cleansing the skin.
Data Gathering Procedure
The researchers will use x Citrofortunella microcarpa (Calamansi) and
Citrus x limon (Lemon) extracts to know which is more effective on reducing bacteria.
The two citrus fruit extracts are will be measured by the use of a microscope to
determine the results.
Statistical Tool
The main purpose of this research is to determine the effectiveness of
citrus fruit to reduce bacteria in the skin as skin is the largest organ in the body and
most prone to bacteria.
The proponents choose two citrus fruits between Lemon and Calamansi
are potent as bacterial. To measure its effectiveness, there will be having scientific
experimentation the researcher use the paired sample of bacteria with the microscope
and equal amount of liquid in two citrus fruits to spill in the sample in this case the
sample reacts to the fruit and measure the killed bacteria.
The researchers use t-test for dependent samples, which compares the
effectiveness of two citrus fruits or measurements of killed bacteria. The test assumes
that the data in the two citrus fruits are normally distributed. If the resultant t-value is
statistically significant, then one can conclude that the means in the two citrus are more
effectiveness to killed bacteria on the skin. T-test (also known as Student's t-test) is
often used to test if two samples are statistically different from each other. A t-test does
this by comparing the means of both samples and the t-value measures the size of the
difference relative to the variation in your sample data.
