A.
Strand and Section: Humss Garnet
Teacher: _______________________________________ Period cover: ____________________________ Week # 2
LESSON 2: MEDIUM OF PAINTINGS
I. INTRODUCTION/FOCUS QUESTIONS
In this lesson, you will learn about Paintings. Technically, a painting is a two-dimensional art form which is made up of layers of
pigments applied on to a surface. The surface on which the pigment is applied is applied varies from stone (used in the Paleolithic
Age) to paper, wood cloth and canvas.
As the surface of paintings differ, so do the materials used to create the pigments. During the Paleolithic Age colored earth were used,
followed by plant extracts and recently and more recently synthetic colors. There are many types of painting, but amongst the well-
known are oil, acrylic, pastel, spray paintings and watercolors.
II. LESSON OBJECTIVES
At the end of this lesson, you are expected to:
a. identify medium and techniques of painting,
b. use different techniques in creating paintings, and
c. appreciate the importance of different techniques in painting.
III. PRE- ASSESSMENT
Directions: Find and encircle all the listed words below that are hidden in the grid. The words may be hidden in any direction.
S O Q P I J Y A K D F G J K K B N M N D O P A S T E L T A K A F Q
T M F V H T H S L N M O O G I I P E E E I R V R M T S Y O A D F G
E E R H H T H D N D E W S B M M A T O Y N E E G Y M U N S N D F B
C T F B F D N G M J I I T H N S I O N O G T S I S Y C G S I G E J
H H G B Q O P G H B L E L J O T N Y E U B H O V I V C T T N D A T
N I J M F L L H G T M D O K T R T O T L E A F E N I E O H A A T R
I S O L H J B J D A N B R S S E I U D I M E N S I O N Y A S Q H E
Q I H S O G N C B N O N D A C S N Y H O T E O M A C S O N O F E E
U X F A P F C O D L T J H D U S G O A V T N T E N T S U K M H R H
E B G R L S S L G U E A E T M E D U T E E I E H D O B M Y U H I K
S N E W J W W O J N O N L Y B D K A L M R D M T O R E Y O C I N O
T J S S H F T R S D K M D U L L E R O E T E P O F D L L U H N G L
G E D F G H Y S J E A G P I I O E E V M N S E A A Y S O S I I A B
H W G Y D J N U K R Y L M I N R P T E O O E R L U A O V O L N A V
F U J P S J M J L S N O E E G G M H M R W R A L L N N E M O T A D
Q I E F T 4 E S C V B N H A K H J K G D S A R H W Q A G U E Y H J
1. Dimension 3. Painting 5. Tempera 7. Blending 9. Feathering
2. Colors 4. Methods 6. Techniques 8. scumbling 10. Pastel
IV. LESSON CONTENT
MEDIUM OF PAINTINGS
1. OIL
In oil paintings, the pigments are mixed in oil. The surface used is usually canvass although other surfaces like wood, paper
and metal may be used.
➢ Two Methods of Painting
A. Direct method- The paints are opaque and are applied to the surface just as they are to look in the finished
product.
B. Indirect Method- The paint is applied in many thin layers of transparent colors.
➢ Techniques in Oil Painting
A. To get started you need oil paints, brushes, a place to mix your colors, a tool to mix them with a surface to paint on. Plus, you
want to a way to clean up. B. Next learn a little basic information in easy steps.
These are things you should know as you start a painting:
• Ways to manipulate the paint in Drawing for Oil painting, Blends, Matching Colors, Creating forms and
glazes and washes.
• Ideas to have in mind as you paint in shadows, contrast and texture
• How oil painting works is in the overview.
C. Finally, use these concepts as you paint the four exercises with me on your own canvases.
• Basic Forms
You will learn how to paint the five basic forms, the cone, cylinder, sphere, cube and torus. These forms are the foundation of all the
objects you see. To be able to paint these then is to be able to paint anything.
• Values within Colors
In this exercise the colors are seen only as lights and darks or values. This painting will teach you to paint more complex forms from
the previous exercise and it will teach you to see a colors value.
• Color and Form
In this exercise you will practice mixing colors and painting these bright simple forms.
• Distance and Texture
In this exercise you will practice creating illusion of distance with color. You will also learn to see the form within textured objects.
2. TEMPERA
This is a mixture of ground pigments and an albuminous and colloidal vehicle, either egg, gum or glue. Tempera painting is usually
done on a wooden panel that has been made smooth with a coating plaster. The colors are mixed with egg yolk. Since the paint dries
rapidly, there is little blending or fusing of colors in tempera painting.
➢ Three Principal Dimensions of Tempera: o Unvarnished or Gouache-like tempera - It is the simplest to use. One paints
with water or thinned
emulsion on dampened or dried ground. o
Varnished Tempera o Tempera as under
painting for oil.
3. WATER COLOR
In water color, the pigments are mixed with water and applied to fine, white paper. The colors are applied in very thin layers.
➢ Water Color Painting Techniques a. Flat Wash
▪ Simply wet your brush with water and paint, and move the brush in a straight line across your
page, applying a very gentle amount of pressure.
▪ If done correctly, this should produce an even layer of paint, covering a broad surface. It’s tough,
but practice makes perfect.
b. Graded Wash
▪ The graded wash technique is a step up from the simple flat wash in terms of difficulty. Instead of
sheer precision, you’ll need some restraint as well, since a graded wash – as its name suggests – gradually
lightens in saturation with each horizontal stroke.
▪ Start out the same way you did the flat wash, with a flat brush, a moderate amount of paint and
water, and a single, even brush stroke across the page.
▪ Continue adding more water, or more pigment, to each sequential brush stroke, very slightly
overlapping from the previous one for proper blending. c. Wet in Wet
▪ This is another one of the basic watercolor painting techniques, and is especially great for the
beautiful, blurred effects it can create.
▪ For this technique, you’ll need a spray bottle of water, and a sponge. d. Dry Brush
▪ Nearly the opposite of wet in wet techniques, the dry brush technique uses mostly dry paint on a
dry surface.
e. Spray Technique
▪ Using a moderate amount of water mixed in with your paint, simply brush back the bristles with
the finger and watch the watercolors splash all over the page.
▪ You dint want your brush to be over saturated with water, since this will just produce large drips
on the page, or risk making the paper too soggy.
▪ For even more control, test it on both a dry piece of paper, and pieces of paper with varying
degrees of dampness.
f. Color Lifting
▪ Instead of using a brush, you can use wads of tissue, and either load them up with paint and water
to add color to your painting, or use them to dab paint and water that is already been applied.
▪ Because of the way the tissue material lifts color and water off the page, it can also be used to
create soft lighting effects, like rays of light or fog.
a. Edge Softening
▪ If you’re painting delicate details and you find you can’t get the edges soft enough, this tech is for
you. There are a couple ways you can turn those sharp, sudden edges into the soft, gradient blurs that make
watercolors such a moody and impressionistic medium.
▪ The first way is immediate. After you’ve painted your line, immediately rinse and dab the paint
brush until its damp. But not dripping wet.
V. PRACTICE
Activity 1.
Directions: Search at least 5 local oil painters in the Philippines. Get one photo of their obras then write a caption regarding the
subject.
Activity 2.
Directions: Paint a tree using water color as your medium in painting. Remember to apply the techniques you learned. Use a separate
sheet of paper to accomplish this task. Be guided by the scoring rubric given below.
Criteria Rating
Creativity and Interpretation 20
Product 15
Uniqueness 10
Aesthetic Value 5
TOTAL 50
Activity 3:
Directions: Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of water color painting during your workshop.
Advantages Disadvantages
1. 1.
2. 2.
3. 3.
4. 4.
5. 5.
VI. ENRICHMENT
What do you think is the importance of following the techniques in painting?
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________
_
“Art is technique: a means by which to materialize the invisible realm of the mind.”
— Hiroshi Sugimoto.
For me,it is important to follow the technique in painting because technique is the foundation
for all or any art activity. Knowing technique is paramount in being able to truly rationalize the
often impulsive act of conveying ideas.Additionally, Paintings exist beyond the idea that
initiates the artist to pick up a brush, in the same way that a life drawing ceases to be a mere
copy of a model. Producing paintings is one thing, producing artworks is another. It is a careful
state of equilibrium. Without great ideas, you will never breach the white of the canvas, and
without proper working methods they will never be fully realized.______
Criteria Weight Outstanding 5 Very good 4 Average Satisfactory 2 Needs Score
points points 3 point points Improvement
1 point
Content 1 The answer is The answer The answer includes The answer The answer is
concise and includes mostly some essential and focuses on too apparently
straightforward, essential and relevant concepts, many concepts irrelevant.
focusing only on relevant concepts, but that are not
essential and but most nonessentials necessarily
relevant concepts. some non- are included. essential or
essentials are relevant.
included.
Organization 1 The flow of The flow of The flow of The flow of The flow of
thoughts is logical thoughts is thoughts is thoughts is thoughts needs
and well-expressed. wellexpressed but somehow expressed. apparently to work on.
some ideas are misleading, yet,
misleading. some thoughts are
expressed.
Total 2
VII. EVALUATION
A. Directions: Identify the term being described by the following statements. Write your answers on the space provided before each
item.
_________________1. A two-dimensional Art form which is made up of layers of pigments applied on to a surface.
_________________2. Medium of painting that mixed with oil.
TEMPERA 3. A mixture of ground pigments and an albuminous and colloidal vehicle.
WATER COLOR 4. The pigments are mixed with water and applied to fine, white paper.
Wet in Wet 5. This is another one of the basic watercolor painting techniques, and is especially great for the beautiful, blurred effects
it can create.
Graded Wash 6. A step up from the simple flat wash in terms of difficulty, Instead of sheer precision.
Direct method 7. The paints are opaque and are applied to the surface just as they are to look in the finished product.
Indirect Method 8. The paint is applied in many thin layers of transparent colors.
Unvarnished or Gouache-like tempera 9. One paints with water or thinned emulsion on dampened or dried ground.
Edge Softening 10. If you’re painting delicate details and you find you can’t get the edges soft enough, this tech is for you.
B. Directions: Enumerate what are being asked.
Water Color Painting Techniques
1. Flat wash
2. Graded wash
3. Wet in wet
4. Dry brush
5. Spray Technique
6. Color lifting
7. Edge softening
8.
Three Principal Dimensions of Tempera
1. Unvarnished or Gouache-like tempera
2. Varnished Tempera
3. Tempera as under painting for oil.
Reference/s:
