Dali Epicon: Whitepaper
Dali Epicon: Whitepaper
WHITEPAPER
INTRODUCTION
Enjoy!
The DALI EPICON series comprise of 4 additional woofer kicking in below For multi-channel fans a center speaker
models, closely linked together – yet 600Hz. However, for the highest has been developed – the DALI EPICON
specialized in their own field. frequencies the EPICON 6 also VOKAL. Incorporating 2 x 6½” woofers
incorporates a ribbon tweeter as part along with the hybrid tweeter module
EPICON 2 is a 2-way compact of the hybrid tweeter, in reality turning this speaker promises the same level of
stand mounted speaker fitted with the speaker into a ‘2½ + ½-way’ transparency and timbre matching with
revolutionary, new drivers - 6½” construction. the rest of the series.
woofer and the state-of-the-art 28 mm
dome tweeter. DALI EPICON 8 is the largest floor For the EPICON series DALI
standing model. It features a 6½” recommends the all-new DALI SUB
The smallest of the floor standing midrange driver, allowing 2 x 8” P-10 DSS, a compact subwoofer
models is the EPICON 6 which relies woofers dedicated for the lowest relying on 3 x 10” drivers – one active
on a 2½-way system as – compared frequencies. Effectively this is a ‘3 + and two passive.
to the EPICON 2 – it features an ½-way’ construction.
It has always been DALI’s aim to minimize the delay between the driver and the bass Meticulous attention to CNC milling of the front baffle creates more space between
port. The position of the bass ports close to the woofers create as direct a connection the 7 screws, ensuring a free airflow behind the woofers. A detail supporting our
as possible. The less delay the better chance for optimizing timing – and the more low-loss design as well as our focus on timing.
accurate transient response you get.
Working both as an acoustic tuned Each side of the EPICON 2, 6, and 8 is Internally the cabinet for the EPICON
‘spring’ for the drivers, as well as constructed from 6 individual layers of 6 is divided in two identical sized
getting rid of reaction force (resonant) MDF, all glued together. In the EPICON chambers, allowing tuning of the
energy, the cabinet is an important part 2 and 6 these are anchored to the cabinet to be done identically yet
of the entire speaker system. 53 mm multi-layer MDF backbone completely independently for each
of the cabinet. To maintain control in of the two woofers. Thus you will
A rigid construction is necessary to the larger EPICON 8 the backbone is find two bass ports on the back of
optimize the working environment for 63 mm thick. CNC milling process is the cabinet located as nearby the
both woofers and tweeter. The front applied for making the recess and woofers as possible. Both ports
baffle, sides and top of the EPICON holes for the bass ports and terminals are convex tapered in both ends to
speakers are heated in a process that in the backbone. minimize port turbulence.
allows us to press them into an organic
shape. This design increases overall With a thickness of 33 mm the dual- At the very bottom of the cabinet,
rigidity and severely reduces cabinet layer front baffle ensures that energy however, you will see that the
resonances. Furthermore standing from the drivers is radiated as acoustic hardwired crossover is mounted in its
waves are practically eliminated as energy, and not as vibrations in the own enclosure as well - free from the
there are no parallel surfaces reflecting cabinet. The curved shape of the front dynamic variation of cabinet pressure
sound waves. baffle is also a contributing factor in inside the bass reflex enclosures.
ensuring a stable acoustic platform.
These partitions as well as the frequencies related to e.g. human The finish of the cabinet is real wood
internal bracing have been very voices without any interference from veneer which is lacquered for a total of
carefully positioned within the the rest of the system. 10 times. And in between, each layer is
EPICON 6. Following DALI’s hand polished to ensure a deep, high
philosophy of optimizing the timing in Both tweeters are well protected gloss and elegant surface. 10 times
all aspects, a free airflow is crucial to from any interference from within of lacquer also ensures a sturdy finish
the sound experience. the cabinet. The dome as well as the with a thickness of almost 2 mm. That
ribbon sit in a common, solid, die- means that the entire CNC cutting for
The DALI EPICON 8 is built in the same cast aluminium base plate, each with drivers, ports and terminals is done
way. It features, however, an extra their own enclosure to make sure after the paint process to ensure
chamber for the midrange. This allows that no resonances will reach the perfect fit.
the driver to reproduce the critical sensitive parts.
HYBRID TWEETER MODULE our high end EUPHONIA and HELICON the ribbon tweeter form the ideal high
For a transparent and solid rendering series, but with a newly developed frequency solution. Combining the
of even the most subtle high frequency dome tweeter. The module consist of a advantages of each tweeter’s unique
details the finest DALI hybrid tweeter 29 mm lightweight dome tweeter and properties is a technology which DALI
module is employed in the EPICON a 10 x 55 mm ribbon tweeter. Working has spent years in perfecting.
series. A tweeter solution inherited from in unison, the soft dome tweeter and
Since the introduction within the The vast majority of known types
EUPHONIA series further refinement of of mechanical losses are extremely
wood fibre cones has been the target non-linear and thereby adding level
for numerous in-house experiments. dependent distortion to the driver’s
reproduction.
The result of this development process
is the latest generation of the wood- At DALI we believe in designs based on
fiber cones, including new cone low mechanical loss. Actually we were
impregnation process and a new post- among the first to insist on controlling
assembly coating. the frequency response by carefully
balanced designs, even with very low-
As we wanted to keep this treatment loss rubber surrounds that will reveal
process, - all the assembly processes such problems in many well-known
in general - within very tight tolerances, driver designs.
in order to reproduce the exact same
performance as obtained in the It is very easy to control the frequency Wood fibres add stiffness to very light paper cone
laboratory, the establishment of in- response by adding lots of mechanical membranes, ensuring non-uniform break-up
characteristics within the material. The result is a
house manufacturing of drivers was an damping in e.g. surround and cones. structural stiffness showing top-class behaviour.
important step. But our approach is different: We The wood fibre technology has proven to be a key in
do not want to use such non-linear reproducing the finest details and dynamics in the
music with very low loss of information.
With the background of in-depth mechanical effects to control, dampen
loudspeaker driver design for years, or limit the movement of the parts that
and having engineers with loudspeaker should reproduce the music. We want
drivers manufacturing experience the amplifier voltage and current to
in-house, DALI started up the process be the factor to control the movement
of establishing in-house production of - despite the fact that it isn’t easy to
drivers in 2009. Today we are proud design low loss drivers.
to present the result: DALI EPICON
woofers are not only developed - Next we will look into the major culprit
but also manufactured at the DALI when it comes to distortion - the
headquarters in Denmark! magnet system.
The Tools
First of all we needed to understand and transient physics in the motor
the physics of the magnet systems in system (voice coil plus magnet).
loudspeakers even better than before.
Likewise, a custom built measurement
The DALI R&D engineers did not setup has been designed to give a
settle for using standard simulation direct and precise reading of the profile
programs and commercially available of flux density in the magnet gap, the
measurements systems. force factor versus excursion, and the
voice coil inductance as a function of
Although well known Finite Element the position.
Programs like COMSOL are used
for magnet system design, we have These tools have enabled us to
developed and added our own software design and verify the motor system
for a better understanding of both DC performance to perfection.
2
crossover frequency is seen as a
function of voice coil movement. 1,5
Voice coil inductance as a function of excursion is shown on the lower curve, compared to an identical
design, only without linearization rings (the upper curves).
The EPICON 8 woofer is seen on the bottom illustration, and the EPICON 6 mid-woofer to the top illustration.
The fine grain SMC material is an important building material in the materialization of the high performance EPICON magnet system.
BH Curve for iron - Measurement: 2 Hz at 1.8 T BH Curve for SMC - Measurement: 2 Hz at 1.8 T
2 2
1.5 1.5
1 1
Flux Density [T]
0 0
-0.5 -0.5
-1 -1
-1.5 -1.5
-2 -2
-1.5 -1 -0.5 0 0.5 1 1.5 -2.5 -2 -1.5 -1 -0.5 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5
4 4
Field Strength [A/m] x 10 Field Strength [A/m] x 10
BH Curve for iron - Measurement: 50 Hz at 1.8 T BH Curve for SMC - Measurement: 50 Hz at 1.8 T
2 2
1.5 1.5
1 1
Flux Density [T]
0.5 0.5
0 0
-0.5 -0.5
-1 -1
-1.5 -1.5
-2 -2
-1.5 -1 -0.5 0 0.5 1 1.5
-3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3
Field Strength [A/m] 4 4
x 10 Field Strength [A/m] x 10
BH Curve for iron - Measurement: 200 Hz at 1.8 T BH Curve for SMC - Measurement: 200 Hz at 1.8 T
2 2
1.5 1.5
1 1
Flux Density [T]
0.5 0.5
0 0
-0.5 -0.5
-1 -1
-1.5 -1.5
-2 -2
-3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3
4 4
Field Strength [A/m] x 10 Field Strength [A/m] x 10
The above illustrations shows the flux lines generated in the magnetically conductive parts of the magnet system (iron or SMC).
4
Modulation of the flux in the magnet gap
is a cause of distortion, and far from the 2
ideal situation: A stable, un-influenced, 0
un-disturbed static flux as the working
-2
environment for the voice coil.
-4
(The modulation will be most -6
significant if a relative small or weak
-8
magnet is used, as the iron near the
magnet gap will be less magnetically -10
-6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6
saturated, thus you get a part of the Current in voice coil [A]
way to a stable flux by choosing highly
SMC
saturated magnet system). Iron
0
10 1 10 2 10 3 10 4 10 5
On the illustration on previous page is
Frequence [Hz]
shown the comparison of the magnetic
flux in the magnet gap of a EPICON 6
mid-woofer (the blue line) compared x 10 −3 Simulation of inductance − Iron based magnet system
2
to an identical magnet system design,
only build on pure iron parts in the 1.8
On this page is shown the influence Furthermore, the SMC material offers output to current through the voice
on the BxL-product (force factor) in very frequency linear magnetic coil - and force factor is constantly kept
a traditional soft iron based magnet properties. This means that the way beyond the working area.
system versus the same physical voice coil inductance - and thus the
design built with SMC components. conversion of the amplifier voltage
dBSPL %
100.0 1.600
95.0 1.200
90.0 0.800
85.0 0.400
80.0 0.000
300 500 1k 2k Hz 5k k
Ohm
40.0
30.0
20.0
10.0
0.0
20 50 100 200 500 1k 2k Hz 5k 10k 20k
Adhering to DALI’s low-loss sound The crossover is hand-soldered for Wiring running from the crossover to
principle the crossover must be as shortest distance and best contact the drivers is sealed where it enters
simple as possible. Naturally this point. Even though the crossover the different chambers in the cabinet.
requires the best ‘raw material’, e.g. sits in its own chamber, sealed from Furthermore it is held in place by
drivers and cabinet. In EPICON this fluctuating air pressure, a solid MDF internal bracing to reduce the risk
is exactly what we have. And each board still constitutes the platform, of vibrations being picked up. For
component in the crossover has been virtually eliminating any resonances. termination DALI relies on spade lugs
handpicked for its specific abilities for long-lasting, low-distortion contact
after hours and hours of measuring points.
and listening.
APPLICATIONS Within its working range the EPICON 2 sensation of air, transparency, and
EPICON 2 demonstrates perfectly what will fully match the performance quality effortlessness is evident.
this new series is all about: Minimal of its larger siblings, the EPICON 6 and 8.
signal degradation… or put bluntly: This is the new compact speaker for the The dedicated woofer in the EPICON
Transparency and revelation taken to purist seeking high-performance sound. 6 carries the responsibility for the
an - until now – unseen level! higher sensitivity and power handling
In essence the EPICON 6 extends the compared to the EPICON 2.
This speaker demonstrates a highly frequency range both up and down,
linear and coherent response, and compared to the EPICON 2. Consequently it couples well to larger
integrates well with small to medium- rooms, and will not disappoint in any
sized rooms. The woofer roll-off is slow, Featuring the DALI hybrid tweeter aspect of its sonic performance.
and the speaker reaches deep into the module the dome is now handling
lowest frequencies. All in all, in most between 95-99% of the high Essentially the EPICON 6 combines
setups this will sound like a much frequency information – the rest is the simplicity of the EPICON 2 with the
larger speaker than it really is. reproduced by the ribbon tweeter. The power of the EPICON 8.