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Calculating Turning and Milling

The document defines terminology and formulas for calculating parameters important for turning and milling operations, such as cutting speed, spindle speed, metal removal rate, and power requirement. It provides definitions for the symbols used in the formulas, such as cutting diameter, cutting depth, feed per tooth, and specific cutting force. Formulas are given for calculating cutting speed, spindle speed, table feed, feed per tooth, metal removal rate, average chip thickness, machining time, and net power requirement.

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Ivan Smolej
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108 views2 pages

Calculating Turning and Milling

The document defines terminology and formulas for calculating parameters important for turning and milling operations, such as cutting speed, spindle speed, metal removal rate, and power requirement. It provides definitions for the symbols used in the formulas, such as cutting diameter, cutting depth, feed per tooth, and specific cutting force. Formulas are given for calculating cutting speed, spindle speed, table feed, feed per tooth, metal removal rate, average chip thickness, machining time, and net power requirement.

Uploaded by

Ivan Smolej
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Technical data – Turning

Terminology and units


Dm = Machined diameter mm fn = Feed per revolution mm/r
vc = Cutting speed m/min κr = Entering angle degree
n = Spindle speed r/min Rmax = Profile depth µm
Tc = Period of engagement min rε = Insert nose radius mm
Q = Metal removal rate cm3/min ap = Cutting depth mm
lm = Machined length mm hex = Max chip thickness mm
Pc = Cutting power net kW SCL = spiral cutting length m
k c 0,4 = Specific cutting force for chip N/mm2
thickness 0,4 mm

Formulas

Cutting speed (m/min) vc = π × D m× n


10 3

n = vc × 10
3
Spindle speed (r/min)
π × Dm

Metal removal rate


Q = vc × ap × fn
(cm 3/min)

vc × ap × f n× k c 0,4
 0,4  0,29
Power requirement (kW) Pc =  
60 × 103  f n × sin κr 
Period of engagement Constant n Facing and taper cuts at constant vc
(min) lm lm
Tc = Tc =
fn × n f n × n–

f n 2× 125
Profile depth (µm) R =
max rε

Max chip thickness Insert shapes: Round inserts


C, D, S, T, V, W
hex = f n × sin κr hex = f n × √ 4ap – ( 2a ) p 2

iC iC

SCL (Spiral Cutting Length) – input info in mm – result in m


External or internal turning Facing Taper cutting

SCL = Dm1 x π x lm
SCL = Dm1+Dm2 x π
1000 fn ( )
x lm1
2 1000 fn
(
SCL = Dm1+Dm2 x π
2 1000
x lm2
fn
)
Period of engagement SCL
Tc = How to calculate: lm2
(min) vc
lm2 = √ (lm1)2 + Dm1 - Dm2 2
( 2 )
124
Technical data – Milling

Terminology and units


Dc = Cutting diameter mm kc1 = Specific cutting force
lm = Machined length mm (for hex =1 mm) N/mm2
Dap = Max cutting diameter at a specific depth mm n = Spindle speed rev/min
ap = Cutting depth mm Pc = Cutting power net kW
ηmt = Efficiency
ae = Working engagement mm
vc = Cutting speed m/min κr = Major cutting edge angle degrees
Q = Metal removal rate cm3/min vc0 = Constant for cutting speed
Tc = Period of engagement min cvc = Correction factor for cutting speed
zn = Total number of edges in the tool piece mc = Rise in specific cutting force (kc)
as a function of chip thickness
fz = Feed per tooth mm iC = inscribed circle
fn = Feed per revolution mm
vf = Table feed (feed speed) mm/min
hex = Max chip thickness mm
hm = Average chip thickness mm
zc = Effective nubmer of teeth piece

Formulas

Cutting speed vc = π × Dc × n
(m/min) 1000

Spindle speed n = vc × 1000


(rev/min) π × Dc

Table feed (feed speed) vf = fz × n × zn


(mm/min)
fz = vf
Feed per tooth
(mm) n × zn

Feed per revolution fn = vf


(mm/rev) n

ap × ae × vf
Removal rate Q=
(cm 3 ) 1000

Specific cutting force kc = kc1 × hm-mc


(N/mm 2)

Average chip thickness (mm)


(Side and facemilling) when ae/Dc ≤ 0,1
hm ≈ fz
√Da e
c

sin κr × 180 × ae × f z
Average chip thickness (mm) hm =
when ae/Dc ≥ 0,1 π × Dc × arcsin ae( )
Dc

Tc = lm
Machining time vf
(min)

Net power Pc = ap × ae × vf × kc
(kW) 60 × 106 × η

125

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