World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology
International Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences
Vol:6, No:4, 2012
Site Selection of Public Parking in Isfahan City,
using AHP Model
M. Ahmadi Baseri, R. Mokhtari Malekabadi, A. Gandomkar
Abstract—Nowadays, one of the most important problems of the Vang and Sung [1] in an article named "Combinatorial
metropolises and the world large cities is the habitant traffic difficulty Optimization of Congested Road and Parking Charging" point
and lack of sufficient parking site for the vehicles. Esfahan city as the to the congestion of the traffic as a dominant problem which
third metropolis of Iran has encountered with the vehicles parking-
has stockade the permanent development of the urban
place problems in the most parts of fourteen regions of the city. The
non principled and non systematic dispersal and lack of parking sites transportation; in addition, they have surveyed the analysis of
in the city has created an unfavorable status for its traffic and has the transportation network, travel charging and cost, and the
caused the air and sound pollutions increase; in addition, it wastes the traffic demand; They have come to this conclusion that TDM
most portions of the citizenship and travelers' charge and time in is an effective solution to reduce the traffic congestion of the
urban pathways and disturbs their mental and psychical calmness, urban regions and it is possible to lessen this congestion
thus leads to their intensive dissatisfaction. In this study, by the usage
notably by the usage of the combinatorial optimization model.
of AHP model in GIS environment, the effective criteria in selecting
the public parking sites have been combined with each other, and the Also, Farzanmanesh and etal [2] in an article named
results of the created layers overlapping represent the parking "Parking Site Selection Management Using Fuzzy Logic and
International Science Index, Humanities and Social Sciences Vol:6, No:4, 2012 waset.org/Publication/1298
utilitarian vastness and widths. The achieved results of this research multi Criteria Decision Making" have surveyed the parking
indicate the pretty appropriate public parking sites selection in region site selection in traffic jam regions of Esfahan and they have
number 3 of Esfahan; but inconsequential dispersal and lack of these come to this conclusion that among various multi criteria
parking sites in this region have caused abundant transportation
decision making models for parking site selection, the usage
problems in Esfahan city.
of AHP model and fuzzy logic in GIS are the best public
Keywords—Public parking lots, Parking site selection, parking Sites Selection implements.
Geographical Information System (GIS), Hierarchical Analysis Casido [3] in an article named "Real-Time Parking
Model, Isfahan city. Information Management to Reduce Search Time, Vehicle
Displacement and Emissions" has surveyed the real time
I. INTRODUCTION parking information management in order to reduce search
time; in addition, he has pointed to the considerable
I N majority of the large cities, the few widths of the
pathways and the street margin parking-places, the duple
ceasing and furtive movement of the vehicles finding a
environmental pollution emanated from the vehicles' search
time finding a vacant parking site. He has concluded that by
parking site have caused an intensive disturbance in the surveying the drivers' behavior and the accessible parking
passing traffic. The problem of vehicle parking sites shortage sites, also by evaluating the management and utilization of the
in the cities and the inconsequential dispersal and parking site information, we can reduce the time and distance
inappropriate parking sites selection are among the intricate for parking site searching and lessen the environmental
and difficulties which have encountered daily life of this city's pollution emanated from this searching.
citizenship and travelers with problems. Esfahan as one of the Lai and etal [4] in an article have considered the fire
large cities of Iran contains the intensive population's fighting stations' selection by the combination of GIS and
accumulation and centralization; on the other hand, it has AHP. They came to this conclusion that combination of the
many tourist attraction applications which cause of the above methods for the urban applications selection are very
coordination shortage and inappropriateness between this useful and simplify the complicated problems.
city's attraction applications and the parking lot usages, in Sayed Moosavi [5] in his MS thesis proposal named "The
addition the inaccurate locating and the inconsequential Geographical Analysis of the Problems and the Public Parking
dispersal of the parking lot application, it has faced the Sites Difficulties in Esfahan" studied and analyzed the public
intensive traffic problem. This difficulty in number 3 region of parking sites and their shortages and problems in Esfahan; in
Esfahan which from the view point of tourist attractions addition, by considering the problems in creating the public
outranks among the existent fourteen regions is critical and parking sites in Esfahan he concluded that parking sites in
includes abundant inappropriate condition. Esfahan do not have a logical emission, there is a considerable
shortage in this regard and the vehicles parking sites demand
in this city has not been accomplished.
Ghanbari [6] in an article named "Parking Site Emission
M. Ahmadi Baseri, Najafabad Branch, Islamic Azad University, and the Optimized Function in Urban Transportation
Najafabad, Iran, (Phone: +989138969895 e-mail: Baseri1364@yahoo.com) Network" by emphasizing on parking sites location and
R. Mokhtari Malekabadi, Payame Noor University, Isfahan, Iran (e-mail: selection and the usage of GIS, in addition, by utilization of
mokhtaryus@yahoo.com)
A. Gandomkar, Najafabad Branch, Islamic Azad University, (e-mail:
Network Analysis method and according to the permissive
aagandomkar@yahoo.com) speed of the vehicle's movement in the pathway network and
International Scholarly and Scientific Research & Innovation 6(4) 2012 547 scholar.waset.org/1307-6892/1298
World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology
International Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences
Vol:6, No:4, 2012
the length of the related pathways in GIS environment has III. DISCUSSION
studied and evaluated the space emission, the establishment In this study, three main criteria and four sub criteria have
site, and the existent public parking sites' function vastness in been selected as the most effective public parking sites
Esfahan city. Eventually, in order to collate the gained data selection. Chart number 1 shows the hierarchical structure of
and information, he has announced the hierarchical analysis the problem. The exchange of the subject or the surveyed
model the best one. problem to a hierarchical structure is considered as the most
Mokhtari [7] in an article named "An analysis in Functional important part of hierarchical analysis process, because in this
Planning of the Parking Site in Esfahan City" by usage of the part by the analysis of the complicated and difficult problems,
regional planning and functional models has surveyed a the hierarchical analysis process will change them to a
comprehensive statistical model about the applicability of simplified form in order to conform to the human's mind and
parking sites in Esfahan with regard to three models of nature.
regional planning; in addition, has studied the other 11 regions By application of AHP side program in software Arc Map,
of Esfahan from the view point of the applicable parking site during the dual comparisons and in two phases, the ultimate
capitation. From the results of this research, we can allude to model and the parking site selection result have achieved in
the regions exploration about the parking space and capitation, layer figure. In the first step, the dual comparison between the
also the regions precedence from the view point of the parking sub criteria of tourism attraction centers was performed and in
site shortage. the other phase its result was dual compared to the distance
The purpose of this study is to survey and recognize the criteria from the pathways network and also the region estate
International Science Index, Humanities and Social Sciences Vol:6, No:4, 2012 waset.org/Publication/1298
existent status of the parking site applicability and its present value; according to the results of their overlapping with each
emission in number 3 region of Esfahan, the utilization other, the utilitarian widths of the parking sites structure have
method of the new parking site selection technologies and its been achieved. In table 1, the dual comparison matrix of the
role in parking site organization in number 3 region of this distance sub criteria from the tourism attraction centers, the
city; in addition, survey of the logical emission of public layers weight vector and the accordance ratio of the dual
parking sites has been considered. comparison from the first step have been presented.
According to the hierarchical model calculations in sub
II. METHODOLOGY criteria phase of tourism attractions centers and the above
In this research, at first the effective criteria in parking site table, number 1 formula is achieved:
selection have been declared; then in GIS environment, the
related layers to each criterion have been provided and by the 1=0.5511(a1) + 0.2642(a2) + 0.1171(a3) + 0.0676(a4) (1)
usage of the multi criteria decision making model of AHP, the
layers with regard to their importance coefficient have been In number 1 formula, a1 is the sub criteria of the distance
combined and overlapped with each other. The ultimate layer from the commercial centers; a2 is the sub criteria of the
is the plan of parking width utilitarian. distance from the sanitary-therapeutic centers, a3 is the sub
In evaluation of each subject we need the measurement criteria from the official-governmental centers and a4 is the
criterion or index. The appropriate criteria selection gives us sub criteria of the distance from the educational-recreational
this possibility to compare the alternatives and locators centers.
appropriately. But when one or some criteria will be In table II, the dual comparison matrix of the distance main
considered for evaluation, this function gets complicated. This criteria from the tourism attraction centers, the criteria of the
complexity increases when one or some of these criteria being distance from the pathways network, the criteria of the estate
against each other and from various kinds. In this case, the value importance, the layers weight vector and accordance
evaluation and comparison function exist from the simple ratio dual comparison of the main criteria from the second step
analytical shape which mind is able to perform it; therefore, a have been presented.
strong analytical implement will be needed. One of the According to the calculations and dual comparisons of the
capable implements for such situations is the hierarchical main criteria in above table, formula number2 as the second
analysis process [8]. The hierarchical analysis model is one of phase formula for the overlapping functions has been utilized.
the strongest multi criteria decision making techniques which 1= 0.6548A + 0.2498B + 0.953C (2)
in 1980 was represented by a researcher named Thomas Sa'ati In formula number 2, a stands for distance from the tourism
a professor from Petersburg University. In spite of some attraction centers, B is the distance criterion from the
critics, it was complimented and praised by many scientific pathways network, and C stands for the criterion of the region
cliques. This method which reflects the natural human's estate value.
behavior and thought will make the decision maker able to Figure 1 displays the public parking sites utilitarian widths
offer the cooperation between various criteria in complicated of region number 3 in five levels; in addition, Figure 2
and non systematic situations. This technique simplifies the represents the suggested parking sites in abundant appropriate
decision making through the emotion, cognition, assessments widths of this region which there are no parking lots in them.
and judgments organization. In addition, it identifies the
effective powers on decision making [9].
International Scholarly and Scientific Research & Innovation 6(4) 2012 548 scholar.waset.org/1307-6892/1298
World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology
International Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences
Vol:6, No:4, 2012
TABLE I
THE DUAL COMPARISON OF THE DISTANCE SUB CRITERIA FROM THE TOURISM ATTRACTION CENTERS
Distance from the
Distance from the Distance from
Distance from the official- Weight
Sub criteria sanitary-therapeutic educational-
commercial centers governmental Vector
centers recreational centers
centers
Distance from the
1 3 5 6 0. 5511
commercial centers
Distance from the
sanitary-therapeutic 0.3333 1 4 3 0.2642
centers
Distance from the
official-
0.2 0.25 1 3 0.1171
governmental
centers
Distance from
educational- 0.1667 0.3333 0.3333 1 0.0676
recreational centers
CR=0.0878
International Science Index, Humanities and Social Sciences Vol:6, No:4, 2012 waset.org/Publication/1298
TABLE II
THE DUAL COMPARISON OF THE MAIN CRITERIA
Distance from the tourism Distance from the
Criterion Estate Value Weight Vector
attractions centers pathways
Distance from the tourism
1 3 6 0.6548
attractions centers
Distance from the pathways 0.3333 1 3 0.2498
Estate Value 0.1667 0.3333 1 0.0953
CR= 0.0176
Fig. 1 Public parking sites utilitarian Fig. 2 Suggested parking sites
International Scholarly and Scientific Research & Innovation 6(4) 2012 549 scholar.waset.org/1307-6892/1298
World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology
International Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences
Vol:6, No:4, 2012
IV. CONCLUSION
The achieved results of the field studies and the locative
analysis in this research represent the unbalanced distribution
of the tourism attraction users and also, the inconsequential
dispersal of the public parking sites in the region. In northern
ranges (around Ghods Square and at the head of Majlesi
street), in eastern ranges (Bozorgmehr street and the head of
Hashtbehesht street) and also, the southeastern ranges
(Bozorgmehr street and Zayanderood River margin) of this
region despite the existence of many important applications
which are the abundant urban tourism attractions , there is no
parking site.
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Site Selection Management Using Fuzzy Logic and multi Criteria
International Science Index, Humanities and Social Sciences Vol:6, No:4, 2012 waset.org/Publication/1298
Decision Making”, EnvironmentAsia 3, 2010, pp 109-116.
[3] F. Caicedo, "Real-time parking information management to reduce
search time, vehicle displacement and emissions", Transportation
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[5] J. Seyed Mousavi, Geographical analysis of public parking problems in
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[6] H. Ghanbari, "Parking Site Emission and the Optimized Function in
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